Evaluation of group a rotavirus occurrence after human rotavirus oral vaccine implantation HROV and comparative analysis of circulating samples before and after HROV implantation in Goiânia - Goiás data

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-01-26T09:40:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2011.pdf: 3539556 bytes, checksum: 0d3229ddfa2244e57c236faf04b328e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-01-26T09:41:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2011.pdf: 3539556 bytes, checksum: 0d3229ddfa2244e57c236faf04b328e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T09:41:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2011.pdf: 3539556 bytes, checksum: 0d3229ddfa2244e57c236faf04b328e8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-16Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqThe group A rotaviruses (RVA) are recognized as the main viral agents of acute childhood gastroenteritis, and due to the high morbidity-mortality rates vaccination has being considered the best alternative for prevention and control of RVA. In Brazil, in March, 2006 the Ministry of Health included the human rotavirus oral vaccine – VORH, which was developed from a monovalent attenuated strain G1P[8], in the National Immunization Program. In this context, the present study aimed at the investigation of the occurrence of RVA infections in the city of Goiânia after the implementation of the VORH, as well as the comparative analysis of the RVA circulating strains during the pre- and post-vaccination periods. For the RVA identification, 65 fecal samples obtained from children with acute gastroenteritis, in the period from 2008 to 2009, were tested by an immunoenzymatic assay and by polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis, with a total detection rate of 16.9% (11/65). After molecular characterization, the G2 genotype was identified in 10 samples, and four of those were considered as G2P[4] genotype. For the comparative analysis, the G2P[4] samples, as well as other 15 samples, obtained in the pre- and post-vaccination periods, were submitted to genomic sequencing of the coding regions for the proteins VP6, VP7 and NSP4. The molecular characterization of the VP7 gene showed that the G1 samples belonged to lineages I and II, sublineages d and b, respectively, and that all the G2 samples belonged to lineage II, with the differentiation of three sublineages, a, c and d, which were correlated with the collection periods. Regarding the VP6 genogroups and the NSP4 genotypes, a predominance of genogroup I and genotype A in postvaccination period was observed, whereas a predominance of genogroup II and genotype B was identified in the period before de vaccine implementation. The association between the G and P genotypes with VP6 genogroups and NSP4 genotypes revealed the predominance of the G1-P[8]-II-B combination in the pre-vaccination period, and the association G2-P[4]-I-A in the post-vaccination period, which suggests the substitution of these combinations after the implementation of the VORH.Rotavírus do grupo A (RVA) são reconhecidos como os principais agentes virais da gastroenterite aguda infantil e, devido aos relevantes índices de morbi-mortalidade, a vacinação tem sido considerada a melhor alternativa para a prevenção e o controle de RVA. No Brasil, em março de 2006 o Ministério da Saúde adicionou ao Programa Nacional de Imunização a Vacina Oral de Rotavírus Humano (VORH), a qual foi desenvolvida a partir de uma amostra monovalente atenuada G1P[8]. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou a investigação da ocorrência das infecções por RVA na cidade de Goiânia após a implantação da VORH, bem como proceder a uma análise comparativa das amostras de RVA circulantes nos períodos pré e pós-vacinal. Para identificação de RVA, 65 espécimes fecais coletados no período de 2008 a 2009 de crianças com gastroenterite aguda, foram submetidos ao Ensaio Imunoenzimático e Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida, sendo observado um índice total de detecção de 16,9% (11/65). Após caracterização molecular, o genótipo G2 foi identificado em 10 amostras, sendo que quatro destas foram definidas como G2P[4]. Para análise comparativa, as amostras G2P[4], bem como outras 15 amostras coletadas nos períodos pré e pós-vacinal, foram submetidas ao sequenciamento genômico para as regiões codificantes das proteínas VP6, VP7 e NSP4. A caracterização molecular do gene de VP7 mostrou que as amostras G1 pertenciam às linhagens I e II, sublinhagens d e b, respectivamente, e que todas as amostras G2 pertencem à linhagem II, com a diferenciação de três sublinhagens, a, c e d, as quais foram correlacionadas com os períodos de coleta. Considerando os genogrupos de VP6 e genótipos de NSP4 identificados, observou-se predominância para genogrupo I e genótipo A no período pós-vacinal, enquanto, genogrupo II e genótipo B foram identificados com maior frequência antes da implantação da vacina. A associação entre os genótipos G e P com genogrupos de VP6 e genótipos de NSP4 revelou predominância da combinação G1-P[8]II-B no período pré-vacinal e da associação G2-P[4]-I-A no período pós-vacinal o que sugere uma substituição destas combinações após a implantação da VORH

Identification of Human Bocavirus type 4 in a child asymptomatic for respiratory tract infection and acute gastroenteritis – Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Human Bocavirus (HBoV) has been identified from feces and respiratory samples from cases of both acute gastroenteritis and respiratory illness as well as in asymptomatic individuals.The aim of this study was to detect and characterize HBoV from fecal samples collected from hospitalized children aged less than five years old with no symptoms of respiratory tract infection (RTI) or acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The study involved 119 children and one fecal sample was collected from each participant between 2014 and 2015. HBoV was detected using Nested-PCR, and the viral type identified by genomic sequencing. HBoV-4 was identified from one sample obtained from a hospitalized child with soft tissue tumor of the submandibular region. This is the first report of HBoV-4 identification in Brazil, but we consider that this type may be circulating in the country similar to the other types and new investigations are necessary. Keywords: HBoV-4, Asymptomatic children, Tumor of the submandibular regio

Molecular characterization of group A rotavirus before and after the introduction of vaccines in Brazil

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-07-18T12:24:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2015.pdf: 717758 bytes, checksum: 9e76fb4b2d7b4c6a668e63b935e587b3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-07-19T11:51:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2015.pdf: 717758 bytes, checksum: 9e76fb4b2d7b4c6a668e63b935e587b3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T11:51:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Tâmera Nunes Vieira Almeida - 2015.pdf: 717758 bytes, checksum: 9e76fb4b2d7b4c6a668e63b935e587b3 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10Introduction: In this study, the molecular characteristics of group A rotavirus (RVA) were compared in samples obtained before and after RVA vaccine-introduction in Brazil. Methods: Eighty samples were screened for the presence of RVA. Positive samples were molecularly analyzed. Results: RVA positivity was 16.9%, with a predominance of G2P[4]. Periods: pre-vaccination: predominance of IId (G1), IId (G2) lineages, and I1 and E1 genotypes; post-vaccination: predominance of Ib (G1), IIa, and IIc (G2) lineages and I2 and E2 genotypes. Conclusions: Although changes in RVA-circulation pattern were observed in the post-vaccination period, it could not be attributed to vaccination process

Hepatitis B virus infection among institutionalized mentally ill patients in Brazil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: The main objective was to evaluate HBV infection and occult HBV infection (OBI) cases in mentally ill patients based on serological and molecular profiles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum samples of 333 long-stay mentally ill patients were tested for the prevalence of HBV markers by serological (ELISA) and molecular (PCR) assays. The PCR products were sequenced to determine viral genotypes. RESULTS: It was observed a global prevalence of 12.9% (43/333) for HBV infection markers, considering HBsAg and/or anti-HBc positivity. Fourteen samples tested positive for anti-HBs alone. All samples positive (n= 57) for any HBV serological markers were tested for HBV-DNA and six were positive: HBsAg/anti-HBc (n = 1), anti-HBc/anti-HBs (n = 1), anti-HBs alone (n = 1), and anti-HBc alone (n = 3). The rate of OBI was 9.2% (5/54) from samples that were anti-HBc and/or anti-HBs positive. All sequenced samples were characterized as genotype A. CONCLUSION: The high rate of HBV infections found in this study suggests the possibility of HBV transmission due to risk factors displayed by some patients, and highlights the importance of vaccination of susceptible patients and the staff of that institution

Detection of antibodies to Oropouche virus in non-human primates in Goiânia City, Goiás

Abstract: INTRODUCTION Arboviruses are associated with human disease, and non-human primates (NHPs) are important primary hosts. This study shows the detection of antibodies to Oropouche virus (OROV) in NHPs either living in urban parks or acclimatized at the Wild Animal Screening Center, Goiânia city. METHODS: Fifty blood samples were analyzed by hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization assays. RESULTS: Two monkeys (Alouatta caraya) had antibodies to OROV by both techniques. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report demonstrating the detection of OROV antibodies in Goiás State and may represent the introduction/circulation of OROV in the region and a potential risk to the human population