MLU Sample source and test results.

<p>Field lab processed 620 patient samples from 388 individuals during the 88 day operation of the lab. For the majority of cases only swab samples were available.</p

Figure 1

<div><p>Kaplan-Meier Survival Curves for Mice and Guinea Pigs Given Post-Exposure Treatment for ZEBOV Infection</p><p>(A) Mice (groups of five animals) were infected with 1,000 LD₅₀ of MA-ZEBOV by i.p. injection. At various times points 24 h prior to challenge (○), 30 min after challenge (♦), or 24 h after challenge (▵) they were treated with  2 ×  10⁵ pfu of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP by i.p. injection. The controls (▪) were left untreated and all died. All treated animals survived the challenge.</p><p>(B) Guinea pigs (groups of six animals) were infected with 1,000 LD₅₀ of GA-ZEBOV by i.p. injection. At various times points 24 h prior to challenge (○), 1 h after challenge (♦), or 24 h after challenge (▵) they were treated with 2 × 10⁵ pfu of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP by i.p. injection. The controls (▪) were left untreated and all died.</p></div

Figure 2

<div><p>Survival and Plasma Viraemia for Rhesus Monkeys Given Post-Exposure Treatment for ZEBOV Infection</p><p>(A) Kaplan-Meier survival curves for animals treated with ∼2 ×10⁷ pfu of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP (subjects 1 to 8, solid line) or VSV control vectors (subjects c1 and c2, dotted line) 20–30 min after i.m. challenge with 1,000 pfu of ZEBOV.</p><p>(B) Plasma viraemia of animals treated with VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP or VSV control vectors 20–30 min after i.m. challenge with 1,000 pfu of ZEBOV. Viraemia was determined by plaque assay at indicated time points. The asterisk indicates that on day 8 post-challenge viraemia levels were only determined for the control animals (subjects c1 and c2). Plasma viraemia levels at day 6 post-ZEBOV challenge could be separated into three different groups. Control animals, which received VSV control vectors (black square), developed high plasma viraemias (>6 log₁₀ pfu/ml). Animals treated with VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP, which developed fulminant EBOV HF and succumbed to ZEBOV challenge (orange square), developed moderate plasma viraemias (∼4–6 log₁₀ pfu/ml), while animals treated with VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP, which survived (green square), had low plasma viraemias (≤1.4 log₁₀ pfu/ml). Subject 6 did not develop fulminant disease consistent with EBOV HF and succumbed on day 18 from a secondary bacterial infection.</p></div

Cycle threshold values for paired blood and swab samples.

<p>Cases where whole blood (▪) and swab (□) samples were available for testing the same day are shown. Viral loads from both sample sources were comparable and do not consistently indicate one sample source as more suitable for viral load determination.</p

Field MARV diagnostic lab at Uige, Angola 2005; daily case load and positive sample detection.

<p>The height of each bar represents the total daily case load for the lab with the positive cases indicated by the solid portion.</p

Documented outbreaks/episodes/cases of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever (MHF).

<p><a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001183#pntd.0001183-Siegert1" target="_blank">[7]</a>–<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001183#pntd.0001183-Timen1" target="_blank">[18]</a>  =  numbers in reference list; n.d.  =  not defined. To date, a total approximately 450 cases of MHF have been officially reported with case fatality rates in outbreaks ranging from ∼22–90%.</p

Figure 3

<div><p>Serological Response Profile for Rhesus Monkeys Given Post-Exposure Treatment for ZEBOV Infection</p><p>IgM (A), IgG (B), and development of EBOV-neutralizing antibodies (C) in sera of animals treated with 2 × 10⁷ pfu of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP 20–30 min after i.m. challenge with 1,000 pfu of ZEBOV.</p></div

Plasma levels of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP from rhesus macaques after vaccination.

<p>Plasma levels of VSVΔG/ZEBOVGP from rhesus macaques after vaccination.</p

Clinical findings in SHIV-infected rhesus monkeys challenged with ZEBOV.

<p>Fever is defined as a temperature more than 2.5 °F over baseline or at least 1.5 °F over baseline and ≥103.5 °F.</p><p>Mild rash: focal areas of petechiae covering less than 10% of the skin; moderate rash: areas of petechiae covering between 10% and 40% of the skin; severe rash: areas of petechiae and/or echymosis covering more than 40% of the skin.</p><p>Lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia defined by ≥35% drop in numbers of lymphocytes and platelets, respectively.</p><p>Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), uric acid (UA), Albumin (ALB), Amylase (AMY), Glucose (GLU).</p><p>↑ = 2–3 fold increase; ↑↑ = 4–5 fold increase; ↑↑↑ = >5 fold increase; ↓ = 2–3 fold decrease.</p><p>( ) Days after ZEBOV challenge are shown in parentheses.</p

SHIV load determined by a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay.

*<p>Days after vaccination; values listed as genomes/ml of blood.</p