719 research outputs found
The Health of Hispanic Children from Birth to Emerging Adulthood
This article summarizes frameworks for understanding Hispanic children’s health, sources of national data available to evaluate their health, and variations in health among Hispanic children. Following ecological and life-course perspectives, we organize our review of the literature on Hispanic children’s health and development according to three key stages of child development (zero to three, early to middle childhood, and adolescence to emerging adulthood) with attention to how each stage influences the next. Within each stage, we consider how social position (i.e., skin color, social class, gender, and nativity), social contexts (i.e., family, school, and neighborhood), and political and legal contexts influence Hispanic children’s health and development. We argue that to improve the health and development of Hispanic children, federal, state, and local policies must address social and economic injustices that lead to declines in health across immigrant generations and persistent racial/ethnic health disparities
Access to Health Insurance and Health Care for Hispanic Children in the United States
Health insurance gives families access to medical services and protects them against the costs of illness and medical treatment. Insured children are more likely than their uninsured peers to use medical services, preventive health services, have a usual source of care, and have fewer unmet medical needs. In this article, we review trends in health insurance coverage for Hispanic children and the factors that influence their coverage. We then discuss health care utilization among Hispanic children and barriers to health care utilization. We conclude with a discussion of strategies to improve Hispanic children’s health care access in the age of COVID-19
Vanishing of cosmological constant in nonfactorizable geometry
We generalize the results of Randall and Sundrum to a wider class of
four-dimensional space-times including the four-dimensional Schwarzschild
background and de Sitter universe. We solve the equation for graviton
propagation in a general four dimensional background and find an explicit
solution for a zero mass bound state of the graviton. We find that this zero
mass bound state is normalizable only if the cosmological constant is strictly
zero, thereby providing a dynamical reason for the vanishing of cosmological
constant within the context of this model. We also show that the results of
Randall and Sundrum can be generalized without any modification to the
Schwarzschild background.Comment: 8 Pages(expanded version), Accepted in Phys. Rev.
Sedimentation record in the Konkan-Kerala Basin: implications for the evolution of the Western Ghats and the Western Indian passive margin
The Konkan and Kerala Basins constitute a major depocentre for sediment from the onshore hinterland of Western India and as such provide a valuable record of the timing and magnitude of Cenozoic denudation along the continental margin. This paper presents an analysis of sedimentation in the Konkan-Kerala Basin, coupledwith a mass balance study, and numerical modelling of flexural responses to onshore denudational unloading and o¡shore sediment loading in order to test competing conceptual models for the development of high-elevation passive margins. The Konkan-Kerala Basin contains an estimated 109,000 km<sup>3</sup>; of Cenozoic clastic sediment, a volume difficult to reconcile with the denudation of a downwarped rift flank onshore, and more consistent with denudation of an elevated rift flank. We infer from modelling of the isostatic response of the lithosphere to sediment loading offshore and denudation onshore that flexure is an important component in the development of the Western Indian Margin.There is evidence for two major pulses in sedimentation: an early phase in the Palaeocene, and a second beginning in the Pliocene. The Palaeocene increase in sedimentation can be interpreted in terms of a denudational response to the rifting between India and the Seychelles, whereas the mechanism responsible for the Pliocene pulse is more enigmatic
A New Species of Giant Sengi or Elephant-Shrew (Genus \u3cem\u3eRhynchocyon\u3c/em\u3e) Highlights the Exceptional Biodiversity of the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania
A new species of sengi, or elephant-shrew, is described. It was discovered in the northern Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania in 2005. Sengis (Order Macroscelidea, super-cohort Afrotheria) include four genera and 15 species of mammals that are endemic to Africa. This discovery is a significant contribution to the systematics of this small order. Based on 49 camera trap images, 40 sightings and five voucher specimens, the new sengi is diurnal and distinguished from the other three species of Rhynchocyon by a grizzled grey face, pale yellow to cream chest and chin, orange-rufous sides, maroon back and jet-black lower rump and thighs. The body weight of the new species is about 700 g, which is 25–50% greater than any other giant sengi. The new Rhynchocyon is only known from two populations that cover about 300 km2 of montane forest. It has an estimated density of 50–80 individuals km−2. This discovery has important implications for the conservation of the high biodiversity that is found in the forests of the Eastern Arc Mountains
Graviton production from extra dimensions
Graviton production due to collapsing extra dimensions is studied. The
momenta lying in the extra dimensions are taken into account. A -dimensional
background is matched to an effectively four-dimensional standard radiation
dominated universe. Using observational constraints on the present
gravitational wave spectrum, a bound on the maximal temperature at the
beginning of the radiation era is derived. This expression depends on the
number of extra dimensions, as well as on the -dimensional Planck mass.
Furthermore, it is found that the extra dimensions have to be large.Comment: LaTeX file, 14 pages, 4 figure
Theory of the first-order isostructural valence phase transitions in mixed valence compounds YbIn_{x}Ag_{1-x}Cu_{4}
For describing the first-order isostructural valence phase transition in
mixed valence compounds we develop a new approach based on the lattice Anderson
model. We take into account the Coulomb interaction between localized f and
conduction band electrons and two mechanisms of electron-lattice coupling. One
is related to the volume dependence of the hybridization. The other is related
to local deformations produced by f- shell size fluctuations accompanying
valence fluctuations. The large f -state degeneracy allows us to use the 1/N
expansion method. Within the model we develop a mean-field theory for the
first-order valence phase transition in YbInCu_{4}. It is shown that the
Coulomb interaction enhances the exchange interaction between f and conduction
band electron spins and is the driving force of the phase transition. A
comparison between the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements
of the valence change, susceptibility, specific heat, entropy, elastic
constants and volume change in YbInCu_{4} and YbAgCu_{4} are presented, and a
good quantitative agreement is found. On the basis of the model we describe the
evolution from the first-order valence phase transition to the continuous
transition into the heavy-fermion ground state in the series of compounds
YbIn_{1-x}Ag_{x}Cu_{4}. The effect of pressure on physical properties of
YbInCu_{4} is studied and the H-T phase diagram is found.Comment: 17 pages RevTeX, 9 Postscript figures, to be submitted to Phys.Rev.
Automatic Extraction of Destinations, Origins and Route Parts from Human Generated Route Directions
Researchers from the cognitive and spatial sciences are studying text descriptions of movement patterns in order to examine how humans communicate and understand spatial information. In particular, route directions offer a rich source of information on how cognitive systems conceptualize movement patterns by segmenting them into meaningful parts. Route directions are composed using a plethora of cognitive spatial organization principles: changing levels of granularity, hierarchical organization, incorporation of cognitively and perceptually salient elements, and so forth. Identifying such information in text documents automatically is crucial for enabling machine-understanding of human spatial language. The benefits are: a) creating opportunities for large-scale studies of human linguistic behavior; b) extracting and georeferencing salient entities (landmarks) that are used by human route direction providers; c) developing methods to translate route directions to sketches and maps; and d) enabling queries on large corpora of crawled/analyzed movement data. In this paper, we introduce our approach and implementations that bring us closer to the goal of automatically processing linguistic route directions. We report on research directed at one part of the larger problem, that is, extracting the three most critical parts of route directions and movement patterns in general: origin, destination, and route parts. We use machine-learning based algorithms to extract these parts of routes, including, for example, destination names and types. We prove the effectiveness of our approach in several experiments using hand-tagged corpora
RQM description of the charge form factor of the pion and its asymptotic behavior
The pion charge and scalar form factors, and , are first
calculated in different forms of relativistic quantum mechanics. This is done
using the solution of a mass operator that contains both confinement and
one-gluon-exchange interactions. Results of calculations, based on a one-body
current, are compared to experiment for the first one. As it could be expected,
those point-form, and instant and front-form ones in a parallel momentum
configuration fail to reproduce experiment. The other results corresponding to
a perpendicular momentum configuration (instant form in the Breit frame and
front form with ) do much better. The comparison of charge and scalar
form factors shows that the spin-1/2 nature of the constituents plays an
important role. Taking into account that only the last set of results
represents a reasonable basis for improving the description of the charge form
factor, this one is then discussed with regard to the asymptotic QCD-power-law
behavior . The contribution of two-body currents in achieving the right
power law is considered while the scalar form factor, , is shown to
have the right power-law behavior in any case. The low- behavior of the
charge form factor and the pion-decay constant are also discussed.}Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure
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