Effective factors on adoption technology among trout fish farms in Guilan Province

The main purpose of this study was to investigate effective factors on adopting technologies among trout fish farmers in Guilan province by Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Statistical population of this research contained of all managers of trout fish farms of Guilan province (N=170) that base on limitation of structural equation modelling in determining sample size, 97 of them were chosen as a sample. Study tool was contained Vankatesh and et al. information technology questionnaire in six items. To obtain validity of questionnaire; content, face, convergent and discriminant validity were used. As well, to obtain reliability of questionnaire; principal component analysis, Cronbachs alpha, Dillon-Goldstein’s ʃ and reagent stability were used. To accomplish analysis of data, SPSSV19 and SmartPLSV2 software were used in descriptive and inferential statistics. For testing hypothesis, structural equation model (SEM) and partial least squares (PLS) that focus on reagent variance were used. The results showed that there was significant relationship between performance expectancy and behavioral intention. Also there was significant relationship between intention to use and use behavior of aquaculture technologies. Model explains 28.8 percent of behavioral intention variance and 7.9 percent of use behavior of aquaculture technologies variance among trout fish farmers. To increase willingness to accept the technology among trout fish farms in Guilan province, it is suggested that extension-education courses for raising knowledge and awareness of aquaculture technology to be held by organizations. Providing financial resources and adequate knowledge will enable trout fish farms to equip with the aquaculture technologies

Analyze of Rural Cooperatives Managers’ Entrepreneurial Spirit in Guilan Province

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the entrepreneurial spirit of the cooperative managers of Guilan province. This research was designed as a descriptive study. Statistic population contained all managers and board members of 170 rural cooperatives in Guilan province (N=1020). The samples was determined according to the Table developed by Bartlett et al. (2001) which included 173 members that were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling method. A self-made questionnaire was used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and the reliability was approved by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha which has been 0.75. Descriptive statistics (mean score, standard deviation and frequency counts) and inferential statistics (Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), t-test  and correlation coefficient) were used for analyzing data according to objectives by using SPSS software. Based on the research results, 53 percent of respondents had good and excellent entrepreneurial spirit. The result of F-test and t-test indicated personal characteristics such as gender, tendency to attend training courses, work experience and managing experience had a significant effect on entrepreneurial spirit