Clinical and Epidemiologic Research Vitamin D and Macular Thickness in the Elderly: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study

PURPOSE. Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with age-related macular degeneration. Our objective was to determine whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was associated with macular thickness among older adults with no signs of macular dysfunction. METHODS. Sixty-two French older community-dwellers with no patent macular dysfunction (mean 6 SD, 71.2 6 5.0 years; 45.2% female) included in the Gait and Alzheimer Interaction Tracking (GAIT) study (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01315717) were separated into two groups according to serum 25OHD level (i.e., insufficient < 50 nmol/L or sufficient ‡ 50 nmol/ L). The macular thickness was measured on 1000 lm central macula with optical coherence tomography, and further binarized according to normal values of macular thickness (i.e., 267.74 lm for males, and 255.60 lm for females). Age, sex, number of comorbidities, cognitive disorders, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, serum calcium concentration and season of testing were considered as potential confounders. RESULTS. The mean serum 25OHD concentration was 61.2 6 26.3 nmol/L. Patients with vitamin D insufficiency had a reduced macular thickness compared to those without (232.9 6 40.4 lm vs. 253.3 6 32.1 lm, P ¼ 0.042). After adjustment for potential confounders, vitamin D insufficiency was associated with a decreased macular thickness (b ¼ À59.4 lm, P ¼ 0.001). Consistently, the participants with vitamin D insufficiency had a 3.7-fold higher risk of having abnormally low macular thickness compared with those with sufficient 25OHD level (P ¼ 0.042). CONCLUSIONS. Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with reduced macular thickness among older patients with no patent macular dysfunction. This implies that vitamin D insufficiency may be involved in macular thinning, and provides a scientific base for vitamin D replacement trials in age-related macular degeneration. Keywords: macular thickness, vitamin D, neuroendocrinology, older adults, age-related macular degeneration, retina B eyond its classical contribution to bone health, vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone involved in several target tissues expressing vitamin D receptors, 1,2 including the retina. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants We studied 73 community dwellers (mean age 70.9 6 4.9 years; 42.9% female) followed in the Memory Clinic of Anger

Association entre dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge et insuffisance en vitamine D chez la personne âgée (une étude cas-témoins)

ANGERS-BU Médecine-Pharmacie (490072105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Age-Related Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Reduced Macular Ganglion Cell Complex: A Cross-Sectional High-Definition Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with smaller volume of optic chiasm in older adults, indicating a possible loss of the visual axons and their cellular bodies. Our objective was to determine whether vitamin D deficiency in older adults is associated with reduced thickness of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), as measured with high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT).Eighty-five French older community-dwellers without open-angle glaucoma and patent age-related macular degeneration (mean, 71.1±4.7 years; 45.9% female) from the GAIT study were separated into 2 groups according to serum 25OHD level (i.e., deficient≤25 nmol/L or sufficient>25 nmol/L). Measurements of GCC and RNFL thickness were performed using HD-OCT. Age, gender, body mass index, number of comorbidities, dementia, functional autonomy, intracranial volume, visual acuity, serum calcium concentration and season of testing were considered as potential confounders.Mean serum 25OHD concentration was 58.4±26.8 nmol/L. Mean logMAR visual acuity was 0.03±0.06. Mean visual field mean deviation was -1.25±2.29 dB. Patients with vitamin D deficiency (n=11) had a reduced mean GCC thickness compared to those without vitamin D deficiency (72.1±7.4 μm versus 77.5±7.5 μm, P=0.028). There was no difference of the mean RNFL thickness in these two groups (P=0.133). After adjustment for potential confounders, vitamin D deficiency was associated with reduced GCC thickness (ß=-5.12, P=0.048) but not RNFL thickness (ß=-9.98, P=0.061). Specifically, vitamin D deficiency correlated with the superior medial GCC area (P=0.017) and superior temporal GCC area (P=0.010).Vitamin D deficiency in older patients is associated with reduced mean GCC thickness, which can represent an early stage of optic nerve damage, prior to RNFL loss

Correlation of vitamin D deficiency^† with the thickness of the different sectors of the ganglion cell complex (GCC), and with the thickness of the different sectors of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL).

<p>*: P<0.05 (2-tailed);</p><p>**: P≤0.01 (2-tailed);</p><p>***: P<0.001 (2-tailed);</p><p>^†: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤ 25 nmol/L</p><p>Correlation of vitamin D deficiency<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0130879#t003fn004" target="_blank">^†</a> with the thickness of the different sectors of the ganglion cell complex (GCC), and with the thickness of the different sectors of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL).</p