Study Short Term and Long Term Impact of Effective Real Exchange Rate on Oil Price Growth in Iran

Exchange rate is considered as a criterion of money equivalent value for a country in compare to other countries and it reflects economic condition of that country in compare to economic status of other ones. Variation of exchange rate can be extremely effective on oil price in oil-rich countries specifically Iran. Since effects of macroeconomic variables are different in short term and long term time, in this study, short term and long term impact of effective real exchange rate on oil price growth in Iran is studied. In order to estimate long term relationship between effective real exchange rate and oil price, monthly and compiled data of OPEC were utilized from 2001-2015. Firstly, variables' durability was studied and then lack of durability Johansen differentiation and accumulation. Finally, results of the study indicated that effective real exchange rate has effect on oil price in long term while, based on BVAR, this effectiveness is not true in short term. Keywords: Exchange rate, oil price, BVAR JEL Classification: Q

Oil Price and Inflation in Iran: Non-Linear ARDL Approach

In this paper we study the relationship between oil price (or revenue) changes and inflation rate in Iran seasonally in 2003-2015. Method of the study was able to identify asymmetry of oil price and inflation which is recognized as nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model. Estimated model clarified nonlinear effect of oil price on inflation. Clearly, we found out that there was significant relationship between the reduction in oil price and inflation growth while there was no significant relationship between increase in oil price growth and inflation rate. Keywords: inflation behavior, oil price, asymmetry JEL Classifications: E31, Q

Teaching self-efficacy and its effects on quality of bedside teaching: Findings from a multi-center survey

Introduction: Evidence suggests that the performance of medical students is affected by the quality of teaching of clinical teachers, and the higher teachers’ teaching quality leads to better students’ clinical performance. Hence, the present research aimed to investigate the association between teaching self-efficacy and quality of bedside teaching among medical teachers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. To this end, 242 medical teachers and 830 medical students from 6 universities in different cities were selected using convenience sampling. The medical teachers filled out Physician Teaching Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (α=0.93), and medical students completed the quality of bedside teaching questionnaire (BST) (α=0.91). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used to analyze the collected data through SPSS 23 and Smart-PLS3 software. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that all items and measurement models had adequate reliability and validity to enter the final analysis (α>0.7, CR>0.7 AND AVE>0.50). Furthermore, the results showed teaching self-efficacy (r=0.27, P<0.001) and its components including self-regulation (r=0.24, P<0.001), dyadic regulation (r=0.22, P<0.001), and triadic regulation (r=0.33, P<0.001) had a positive and significant relationship with quality of bedside teaching. Also, the results of multiple regression revealed that among the predictor variables, only the triadic regulation variable could predict the quality of bedside teaching of medical teachers (β=0.326, P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, as the medical teachers’ teaching self-efficacy improves, they can provide high-quality teaching to students, which in turn will lead to better learning and, therefore better performance for medical students

Case Report Malignant Pleomorphic Adenoma (Malignant Mixed Tumor) of the Minor Salivary Glands Case report

ABSTRAC