Formation of adsorbate structures induced by external electric field in plasma-condensate systems

We present a new model of plasma-condensate system, by taking into account an anisotropy of transference reactions of adatoms between neighbor layers of multi-layer system, caused by the strength of the electric field near substrate. We discuss an influence of the strength of the electric field onto first-order phase transitions and conditions for adsorbate patterning in plasma-condensate systems. It is shown that separated pyramidal-like multi-layer adsorbate islands can be formed in the plasma-condensate system if the strength of the electric field near substrate becomes larger tan the critical value, which depends on the interaction energy of adsorbate and adsorption coefficient.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Nano-structured thin films growth in stochastic plasma-condensate systems

We derive the stochastic model of plasma-condensate systems by taking into account anisotropy in transference of adatoms between neighbor layers and by introducing fluctuations of adsorbate flux. We show, that by varying the fluctuation's intensity on can govern dynamics of pattern formation on intermediate layer of multi-layer plasma-condensate system. It is shown that the morphology of the growing surface, type of surface structures and their linear size can be controlled by the intensity of the adsorbate flux fluctuations.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Transforming the future: a review of artificial intelligence models

A comprehensive review of existing artificial intelligence models, focusing on fourteen prominent language and multimodal generative models from four rapidly evolving categories: Marketing, Copywriting, Image Improvement, and Social Media, is made. As of May 2023, 1,523 AI models are available to end users, with notable Russian services such as Balaboba, GigaChat, and Kandinskiy 2.0 emerging as counterparts to popular foreign neural networks. The potential applications of these tools in various media production domains, including journalism, marketing, and copywriting, are explored. It was necessary to talk about language models, since these are the ones, most connected not only to the media sphere, but to academic writing as well. Moreover, the authors delve into the ethical considerations associated with the use of AI models in professional settings, addressing potential challenges and concerns. The importance of responsible development, use, and regulation of AI technology, as well as the need for collaboration among researchers, governments, and private organizations to ensure ethical AI practices, is highlighted. The authors also outline the prospects for further development of AI models and related research, emphasizing the need to foster an environment of continuous learning for innovation that is inclusive and accessible. This approach will help maximize the benefits of AI while minimizing potential harm, paving the way for a more prosperous, equitable, and sustainable future. The presented materials can serve as an introduction to the emerging branch of AI models development

Scaling properties of pyramidal islands formation process at epitaxial growth

We study scaling properties of the surface morphology at epitaxial growth in a generalized phase-field model by taking into account dynamics of the adsorbate temperature. We have found that growth processes are defined by a set of roughness and growth exponents. It is shown that the growth rate of the averaged mean area of islands can be controlled by deposition flux, interaction strength of adsorbate and time scale for the temperature relaxation. We have shown, that both number of islands and average island size behave in a power-law form over exposing time. We have discussed two different numerical approaches allowing one to determine the distribution function of islands over sizes. Obtained distributions are universal and do not change with variation in main system parameters

A study of pyramidal islands formation in epitaxy within the generalized phase-field model

We study epitaxial growth of pyramidal patterns in a framework of the phase-field model generalized by introduction of temperature field dynamics and an assumption of interacting adsorbate due to elastic effects. We have shown that in the system with different rates of the phase-field change oscillatory dynamics of surface pattern formation can be realized. Analytical results are verified by numerical simulations. We compare properties of surface structures within the framework of the standard phase-field model and proposed a generalized model of epitaxial growth using statistical approach. It is shown that in the generalized model pyramidal patterns can be sustained by thermodynamical force governing flux of interacting adsorbate

Трансформация будущего: обзор моделей искусственного интеллекта

A comprehensive review of existing artificial intelligence models, focusing on fourteen prominent language and multimodal generative models from four rapidly evolving categories: Marketing, Copywriting, Image Improvement, and Social Media, is made. As of May 2023, 1,523 AI models are available to end users, with notable Russian services such as Balaboba, GigaChat, and Kandinskiy 2.0 emerging as counterparts to popular foreign neural networks. The potential applications of these tools in various media production domains, including journalism, marketing, and copywriting, are explored. It was necessary to talk about language models, since these are the ones, most connected not only to the media sphere, but to academic writing as well. Moreover, the authors delve into the ethical considerations associated with the use of AI models in professional settings, addressing potential challenges and concerns. The importance of responsible development, use, and regulation of AI technology, as well as the need for collaboration among researchers, governments, and private organizations to ensure ethical AI practices, is highlighted. The authors also outline the prospects for further development of AI models and related research, emphasizing the need to foster an environment of continuous learning for innovation that is inclusive and accessible. This approach will help maximize the benefits of AI while minimizing potential harm, paving the way for a more prosperous, equitable, and sustainable future. The presented materials can serve as an introduction to the emerging branch of AI models development.Выполняется комплексный обзор существующих моделей искусственного интеллекта (ИИ). Особое внимание уделено четырнадцати известным языковым и мультимодальным генеративным моделям из четырех быстро развивающихся категорий инструментов: Marketing, Copywriting, Image Improvement и Social Media. По состоянию на май 2023 г. конечным пользователям доступны 1523 модели ИИ, среди которых выделяются такие российские сервисы, как Balaboba, GigaChat и Kandinskiy 2.0, являющиеся аналогами популярных зарубежных нейросетей. Рассматриваются потенциальные возможности применения этих инструментов в различных сферах медиапроизводства, включая журналистику, маркетинг и копирайтинг. Обсуждаются языковые модели, поскольку именно они больше всего связаны не только с медиасферой, но и с академическим письмом. Затрагиваются этические аспекты: потенциальные проблемы, связанные с использованием моделей ИИ в профессиональной сфере. Подчеркивается важность ответственного подхода к разработке, использованию и регулированию технологий ИИ, а также сотрудничества между исследователями, правительствами и частными организациями для обеспечения этичности применения ИИ. Описаны перспективы дальнейшего развития моделей ИИ и соответствующих исследований, выделена необходимость создания среды непрерывного обучения в области инноваций, которая должна быть инклюзивной и доступной. Такой подход поможет максимизировать преимущества ИИ при минимизации потенциального вреда, прокладывая путь к более процветающему, справедливому и устойчивому будущему. Представленные материалы могут служить введением в развивающуюся отрасль разработки моделей ИИ

Development of a Model of the Weight of Motor Roads Parameters as Part of the Information and Management System of Monetary Evaluation

The article deals with the approaches to the construction of a multi-level hierarchical system of indicators for evaluation of the quality state of a motor road section. The model of the weight of parameters and characteristics of motor roads as a road-transport asset included in the information and management system of monetary evaluation was developed. The need for the research was caused by the necessity to develop a unified qualimetric model of monetary evaluation of a motor road section. As a result, the parameters and structural elements of motor roads were analyzed, which made it possible to consider the evaluation object – a road section – from the standpoint of the methodology of constructing complex multilevel hierarchical systems. Based on the proposed approach, a complete qualimetric model for the cost evaluation of a motor road was constructed, which is based on the method of decomposition of the object's properties and includes the maximum number of possible parameters, characteristics, structural elements, and indicators of transport operational state.The mechanism of substantiation of the weights of parameters and characteristics of the evaluation object – a motor road section – through the rational combination of the cost method, the expert method and the method of equivalent relationships was proposed. The adequacy of the proposed model is proved by the analysis of standard errors that make up about 5 %, which that does not significantly affect reliability of the results of analytical calculations.The results of the conducted studies will be the further development of the information and management system for the monetary evaluation of a road-transport complex, the operation purpose of which is substantiation of rational managerial decisions on road assets in general and on motor roads in particular.The developed model of weights of motor road parameters can be used by enterprises and organizations of the road industry and can be a basis for making effective well-grounded managerial decisions on road-transport asset

Improving the Wear Resistance of Heavy-duty Elements in Tribomechanical Systems by A Combined Laser-thermochemical Processing Method

This paper reports an analysis of the state of tribological support in the aviation industry. The use of surface strengthening technologies to extend the resource of friction node parts has been prioritized. Modern combined technologies of nitriding and laser treatment of steel surfaces have been reviewed. The mechanism has been elucidated that damages steel 30H2NVFA in the jackscrew actuator of transport aircraft flaps, which occurs due to insufficient surface hardness of the material after a generally accepted heat treatment. Auger electron spectroscopy analysis revealed a high concentration of oxygen on the surface: up to 41.4 at. %; the friction surface carbonation has been detected, especially significant at the surface of the pitting damage. A comprehensive technology of surface strengthening by nitriding+laser selective hardening has been suggested. The radiation power was 1 KW, the diameter of the focus spot was 2.5 mm, and the pitch between the focus spot centers was 2.5 mm. The total area of laser processing was 70 %. The steel temperature exceeded Ас3 and corresponded to the hardening temperature range. The depth of the nitrided layer increased to 400 µm, the maximum hardness on the surface was 1,350–1,380 HV0.2. The formation of a solid nitrided layer with a thickness of 200‒250 µm was observed, as well as a transition zone composed of column-shaped iron nitrides, which are introduced into the matrix material. As a result, a sharp gradient in the mechanical properties disappears. The tests confirmed that the wear resistance of the comprehensively treated surface was 2.1 times higher under dry friction conditions, and 4.5 times higher when lubricated with the "Era" grease (RF), compared with the 30H2NVFA steel nitrided by the conventional technology. In addition, there was no fragile destruction of the surface; the interaction with oxygen reduced significantl