REVIEW ON THE ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ASSESSMENT

This paper presents a synthesis of current state of the assessment of road traffic noise in urban areas considering economic, social and legal aspects. Therefore, there were described several prediction methods of the urban traffic noise. These methods are useful in calculating the exposure of the population at noise levels which exceed the permissible limits. Mapping is one of the most common methods used for the assessment of noise. Whether it is industrial, airport, rail or road traffic noise, noise mapping provides accurate data needed later in developing action plans against noise. The road traffic noise assessments are performed periodically, and a representative picture of the noise in the analysed areas is obtained. Then, the action plans can be developed in order to reduce road traffic noise, where it is necessary

REVIEW ON THE ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ASSESSMENT

This paper presents a synthesis of current state of the assessment of road traffic noise in urban areas considering economic, social and legal aspects. Therefore, there were described several prediction methods of the urban traffic noise. These methods are useful in calculating the exposure of the population at noise levels which exceed the permissible limits. Mapping is one of the most common methods used for the assessment of noise. Whether it is industrial, airport, rail or road traffic noise, noise mapping provides accurate data needed later in developing action plans against noise. The road traffic noise assessments are performed periodically, and a representative picture of the noise in the analysed areas is obtained. Then, the action plans can be developed in order to reduce road traffic noise, where it is necessary

Heavy Metals and Physico-Chemical Parameters Analysis from the Wells in the Buhoci Area, Bacau

The study purpose is to analyze the heavy metals concentrations in the water from the Buhoci area wells and to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters of this water. Measurement of physico-chemical parameters were performed on site in five locality points using portable equipment. Heavy metals from these samples were analyzed in the laboratory of Hydrogeology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy. The analyzed water sources are used for domestic consumption. The results of the physico-chemical parameters comparative analysis fall within the limits admitted according to the requirements of Romanian Law no. 458 of July 8, 2002 with values in the range of: pH ≥ 6.5 - ≤ 9.5; turbidity (oC) ≤ 5; conductivity (μS/cm) ≤ 2,500

Phyto-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Conifer Bark Extracts and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Cytogenotoxic Effects

Silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts as reducing and capping agents showed various biological activities. In the present study, colloidal silver nanoparticle solutions were produced from the aqueous extracts of Picea abies and Pinus nigra bark. The phenolic profile of bark extracts was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was monitored using UV-Vis spectroscopy by measuring the Surface Plasmon Resonance band. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and transmission electron microscopy analyses. The antimicrobial and cytogenotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles were evaluated by disk diffusion and Allium cepa assays, respectively. Picea abies and Pinus nigra bark extract derived silver nanoparticles were spherical (mean hydrodynamic diameters of 78.48 and 77.66 nm, respectively) and well dispersed, having a narrow particle size distribution (polydispersity index values of 0.334 and 0.224, respectively) and good stability (zeta potential values of −10.8 and −14.6 mV, respectively). Silver nanoparticles showed stronger antibacterial, antifungal, and antimitotic effects than the bark extracts used for their synthesis. Silver nanoparticles obtained in the present study are promising candidates for the development of novel formulations with various therapeutic applications

Preparation and Potentiometric Study of Ranitidine Hydrochloride Selective Electrodes and Applications

Ranitidine hydrochloride selective electrodes were constructed based on ranitidine tetraiodo bismuthate (III) Electrochemical methods have an important part in biological and pharmaceutical analysis due to their simplicity, quickness and accuracy when compared to other analytical methods Few studies have been reported for ranitidine hydrochloride quantitative analysis in pharmaceutical formulations based on ion-selective membrane electrodes only. Ion-selective membrane electrodes for ranitidine hydrochloride have been constructed based on ranitidinetetrakis-(3-chlorophenyl)borate,ranitidine-tetraphenylborate and ranitidine-phosphotungstate as electroactive compound [14] We report in this paper the construction of several ranitidine hydrochloride electrodes based on tetraiodobismutate (III) as ionophore using various plasticizers. The properties of those electrodes, the effect of pH, and the selectivity coefficient were studied. Experimental part Materials and methods All potentiometric measurements were carried out using a Hanna 301 digital pH/millivoltmeter. A ranitidine selective electrode was used as indicating electrode in conjunction with a Radelkis OP-0830P calomel electrode (SCE) as reference electrode. All used chemicals were analytical grade. Bismuth (III) subnitrate, potassium iodide, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dibutylphthalate (DBPH), di-octylphtalate (DOPH), dibutylphosphate (DBP) and tri-butylphosphate (TBP) were commercially available (Fluka). Polyvinylchloride (PVC) of relatively high molecular weight was used. Ranitidine * email: [email protected] hydrochloride reference substance was purchased from Dar Al Dawa-Jordan. All pharmaceutical formulations were purchased from a local pharmaceutical company. There were prepared 10 -1 M stock solutions for each of the following substances: NH 4 Cl, NaCl, CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , AlCl 3 , chlorpheniramine maleate, nizatidine, famotidine, vitamin B 1 and citric acid. Dilute solutions were prepared by subsequent dilution of those stock solutions. Potassium tetraiodobismutate (III) solution was prepared by mixing a potassium iodide solution with bismuth (III) subnitrate solution in hydrochloric acid medium For the synthesis of the ion pair complex, 0.1 g ranitidine hydrochloride was dissolved in 100 mL water, the pH was adjusted to 1.0 with 2 M hydrochloric acid and lastly the potassium tetraiodobismutate (III) solution was added in small portions with stirring. The resulting precipitate, ranitidine-tetraiodobismutate (III), was separated using a G4 filtering crucible; it was then washed with saturated solution of the precipitate and dried at 60°C. Construction of the electrode Several membrane compositions were investigated by varying the ratio of PVC, plasticizer, and the membrane active material A mixture was prepared by dissolving 1 mg of ranitidinetetraiodobismutate (III), 31 mg of PVC and 68.0 mg of plasticizer in 3 mL of tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was poured into a 30 mm diameter glass ring placed on a glass plate, and allowed to evaporate for 24 h at room temperature. The membrane obtained as 0.25-0.35 mm thick film was removed from the glass plate, and a 10 mm diameter disk was cut out and fixed to the end of a 100 mm long PVC tube by using a PVC/THF solution. The Ag/ AgCl electrode and 10 -3 M ranitidine hydrochloride solution were used as reference electrode and internal filling solution for the electrode, respectively

New nitric oxide-releasing indomethacin derivatives with 1,3-thiazolidine-4-one scaffold: Design, synthesis, in silico and in vitro studies

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ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY FOR TWO RIVERS LOCATED NEAR A MINING AREA

The paper presents a study that was focused on the analysis of the existence of metals in the rivers located near the salt mine Targu Ocna, Romania. The points identified near mining areas and the proposal for performing analyzes regarding the presence of metals in surface waters are the Slanic River and the Trotus River. The purpose of this study is to analyze the physico-chemical parameters: (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, temperature), selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr), Mg and Al of the Slanic River and the Trotus River located near the salt mine and to investigate the level of metal contamination due to mining activities. The samples were collected at two points in the Slanic River and two points for the Trotus River. The physico-chemical parameters were measured in-situ with portable equipment and within the Water Analysis Laboratory of “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau. The values registered for the physico-chemical parameters were compared with the permissible limits by the legislation

Design, Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Studies for New Nitric Oxide-Releasing Indomethacin Derivatives with 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2-thiol Scaffold

Starting from indomethacin (IND), one of the most prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), new nitric oxide-releasing indomethacin derivatives with 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol scaffold (NO-IND-OXDs, 8a–p) have been developed as a safer and more efficient multitarget therapeutic strategy. The successful synthesis of designed compounds (intermediaries and finals) was proved by complete spectroscopic analyses. In order to study the in silico interaction of NO-IND-OXDs with cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, a molecular docking study, using AutoDock 4.2.6 software, was performed. Moreover, their biological characterization, based on in vitro assays, in terms of thermal denaturation of serum proteins, antioxidant effects and the NO releasing capacity, was also performed. Based on docking results, 8k, 8l and 8m proved to be the best interaction for the COX-2 (cyclooxygense-2) target site, with an improved docking score compared with celecoxib. Referring to the thermal denaturation of serum proteins and antioxidant effects, all the tested compounds were more active than IND and aspirin, used as references. In addition, the compounds 8c, 8h, 8i, 8m, 8n and 8o showed increased capacity to release NO, which means they are safer in terms of gastrointestinal side effects

Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from <i>Abies alba</i> and <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> Bark Extracts: Characterization, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Antibacterial Effects

In recent years, phytofunctionalized AgNPs have attracted great interest due to their remarkable biological activities. In the present study, AgNPs were synthesized using Abies alba and Pinus sylvestris bark extracts. The chemical profile of these bark extracts was analyzed by LC-HRMS/MS. As a first step, the synthesis parameters (pH, AgNO3 concentration, ratio of bark extract and AgNO3, temperature, and reaction time) were optimized. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, DLS, SEM, EDX, and TEM. Their antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial properties were evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS, MTT, and broth microdilution assays, respectively. Abies alba and Pinus sylvestris bark extract-derived AgNPs were well-dispersed, spherical, small (average particle size of 9.92 and 24.49 nm, respectively), stable (zeta potential values of −10.9 and −10.8 mV, respectively), and cytotoxic to A-375 human malignant melanoma cells (IC50 = 2.40 ± 0.21 and 6.02 ± 0.61 μg/mL, respectively). The phytosynthesized AgNPs also showed antioxidant and antibacterial effects