Current status of healthcare-associated enteroviral (non-polio) infections

Here we present the data on foreign research publications describing healthcare-associated enteroviral (nonpolio) infections (HAI) sought in the Worldwide Database for Nosocomial Outbreaks (Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Universitȁtmedizincomplex “Charite”, Germany) as well as PubMed search engine (The United States National Library), covering 1936–2017 timeframe. The publications retrieved contained the data on 28 nosocomial outbreaks caused by Enterovirus A (EV-A71), В (Echoviruses 11, 17, 18, 30, 31, 33, Coxsackie viruses А9, В2, В5) and D (EV-D68). It was discovered that the majority of the nosocomial enteroviral (non-polio) outbreaks occurred in obstetric hospitals and neonatal units so that children were mainly maternally infected. In addition, a case associated with intrauterine infection was described. It was shown that outbreaks might be started by an infected child at the incubation period. Single publications reported nosocomial outbreaks in geriatric hospitals. Generally, nosocomial enteroviral (non-polio) outbreaks were characterized by polymorphic clinical picture caused by any certain pathogen serotype and within a single site of the infection. Few lethal outcomes were recorded. Enterovirus B species dominated among identified etiological agents. Violated hospital hygiene and infection control contributing to spread of infection were among those found in neonatal units: putting used diapers out on baby bed prior disposal, sharing bathtub, toys and household objects as well as poor hand hygiene in medical workers. One of the measures recommended to improve diagnostics of enteroviral (non-polio) infections was virology screening of children with suspected sepsis in case of unidentified etiology. It was established that etiological decoding of nosocomial outbreaks was impossible without applying pathogen-specific diagnostic tools, mainly nested RT-PCR and direct sequencing of followed by subsequent phylogenetic analysis

STUDY OF PROCESSES DURING ELECTROLYSIS OF ORGANIC DYE SOLUTION BY MEANS OF ION-PHOTON SPECTROMETRY

Spectral composition and quantum yield of radiation of the excited particles sputtered by an ion beam from surfaces of the dried sediment formed on electrodes at the electrolysis of the organic dye were studied by the method of ion-photon spectrometry. A correspondence between processes taking place near the electrode during the electrolysis of the organic dye solution and the composition of excited particles knocked out from the dried sediment formed on the electrodes was shown

Low line density blazed gratings with low blaze angles

Gratings installed in synchrotron beamlines and instruments have standard line densities ranging from 300 L mm up to 2400 L mm with blaze angles from 0.3 to 2 . For FEL beamlines lower line densities and lower angles are required. To manufacture these in the required high quality poses some challenges with regard to the ruling process and the ion etching process. Our investigation and process results will be described here. Additionally, first results of the process on a grating substrate are demonstrate