Assessment of Geographic and Host-Associated Population Variations of the Carob Moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae, on Pomegranate, Fig, Pistachio and Walnut, Using AFLP Markers

The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller 1839) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is the most important pest of pomegranate, Punica granatum L. (Myrtales: Ponicaceae), in Iran. In this study, 6 amplified fragment length polymorphism primer combinations were used to survey the genetic structure of the geographic and putative host-associated populations of this pest in Iran. An AMOVA was performed on test populations. Pairwise differences, Mantel test, multidimensional analysis, cluster analysis and migration rate were calculated for 5 geographic populations of E. ceratoniae sharing the same host, pomegranate. In another part of the study, 3 comparisons were performed on pairwise populations that were collected on different hosts (pomegranate, fig, pistachio and walnut) in same geographic regions. The results showed high within population variation (85.51% of total variation), however geographic populations differed significantly. The Mantel test did not show correlations between genetic and geographic distances. The probable factors that affect genetic distances are discussed. Multidimensional scaling analysis, migration rate and cluster analysis on geographic populations showed that the Arsanjan population was the most different from the others while the Saveh population was more similar to the Sabzevar population. The comparisons didn't show any host fidelity in test populations. It seems that the ability of E. ceratoniae to broaden its host range with no fidelity to hosts can decrease the efficiency of common control methods that are used on pomegranate. The results of this study suggest that in spite of the effects of geographic barriers, high within-population genetic variation, migration rate and gene flow can provide the opportunity for emerging new phenotypes or behaviors in pest populations, such as broadening host range, changing egg lying places, or changing over-wintering sites to adapt to difficult conditions such as those caused by intensive control methods

Host Plant-Associated Population Variation in the Carob Moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae in Iran: A Geometric Morphometric Analysis Suggests a Nutritional Basis.

The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran. As it has been rarely recorded on other host plants, control methods have mostly been focused on its populations on pomegranate. In this study, shapes and sizes of wings were compared in populations on 4 host plants (pomegranate, fig, pistachio and walnut) using a landmark-based geometric morphometric method, and analysis of partial warp scores and centroid sizes. The results showed significantly smaller wing size in populations on pomegranate and a significant host plant-associated shape difference among populations as a consequence of allometric growth. This suggests that the wing size and shape differences among test populations may not have a genetic basis and could happen because of differences in the nutritional content of host plants. The results of the analysis suggest that the female carob moth lays her eggs on host plants that provide suitable conditions for hatching. The larger size of moths on hosts other than pomegranate showed that some host plants such as fig, pistachio and walnut can provide for increased stored nutritional reserves by larvae that may result in more successful over-wintering and higher fecundity in adults. This suggests that in spite of the more extensive activity of carob moth on pomegranate in Iran, populations on other host plants can have an important effect on expanding pest population sizes in following years which should be considered in control methods

Capperia tadzhica Alipanah & Gielis & Sari & Sarafrazi & Manzari 2011, COMB. NOV.

CAPPERIA TADZHICA (ZAGULAJEV) COMB. NOV. Procapperia tadzhica Zagulajev, 2002: 366. Material examined: No specimen was available for study. Comments: Based on the original description and illustrations, as already discussed, this species is closer to Capperia species than to Procapperia. The female genitalia of this species are more similar to Capperia spp., especially in the absence of the pearshaped median structure in sternite VII. Additonally, a close relationship between this species and Capperia salanga in the shape of the valva and aedeagus, and the specialized eighth sternite was found. Therefore, it is here transferred to the genus Capperia.Published as part of Alipanah, Helen, Gielis, Cees, Sari, Alireza, Sarafrazi, Alimorad & Manzari, Shahab, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Oxyptilini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Pterophorinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 484-547 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2) on page 529, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00705.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544144

Oxyptilus secutor Meyrick III 1911

OXYPTILUS SECUTOR MEYRICK, 1911 Oxyptilus secutor Meyrick, 1911: 218. Oxyptilus variegatus Meyrick, 1920: 274. syn. nov. Material examined: Oxyptilus variegatus: 1 male, Republic of South Africa (RSA), Natal Spioenkop, National Reserve, 12.ii.1995, leg. H. W. VD Wolf (coll. CG 11042). Oxyptilus secutor: no specimen was available for study. Comments: According to our study, Oxyptilus variegatus and O. secutor are very similar to each other both in external and genital features. The only minor difference between them is in the shape of the distal margin of the specialized eighth sternite in males, which is considered to be an intraspecific variation. The sister group position of these two species in the consensus trees, as well as having strong tree supports (Figs 16, 17) confirms this synonymy.Published as part of Alipanah, Helen, Gielis, Cees, Sari, Alireza, Sarafrazi, Alimorad & Manzari, Shahab, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Oxyptilini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Pterophorinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 484-547 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2) on page 529, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00705.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544144

Buckleria negotiosus Alipanah & Gielis & Sari & Sarafrazi & Manzari 2011

<i>BUCKLERIA NEGOTIOSUS</i> (MEYRICK, 1926) COMB. NOV. <p> <i>Trichoptilus negotiosus</i> Meyrick, 1926: 325. <i>Buckleria vanderwolfi</i> Gielis, 2008: 49. <b>syn. nov.</b></p> <p> <i>Material examined: Trichoptilus negotiosus</i>: 1 male (Holotype), Republic of South Africa (RSA), White River, Wellington, 1500′, xi.1922, leg. K. H. Barnard [genitalia preparation SAMC VK105, coll. South African Museum Cape Town (SAMC), RSA]. <i>Buckleria vanderwolfi</i>: 1 male (Holotype), RSA, Cape Prov., Tsitsikamma National Park, Storms River Mouth, 17.–18.ii.1995, leg. H.W. VD Wolf (genitalia preparation CG 2973, coll. CG 22035).</p> <p> <i>Comments: Trichoptilus negotiosus</i> was excluded from the analyses owing to the lack of sufficient specimens, but the study of the holotype (male) of this species and <i>B. vanderwolfi</i> by the second author revealed that they were conspecific considering both morphological and genitalia characters. Therefore, here we consider <i>B. vanderwolfi</i> as a junior synonym of <i>T. negotiosus</i>. Additionally, because of the close resemblance of <i>T. negotiosus</i> to the <i>Buckleria</i> species, it is here transferred to the latter genus as a new combination.</p>Published as part of <i>Alipanah, Helen, Gielis, Cees, Sari, Alireza, Sarafrazi, Alimorad & Manzari, Shahab, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Oxyptilini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Pterophorinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 484-547 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2)</i> on pages 529-530, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00705.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5441448">http://zenodo.org/record/5441448</a&gt

Nippoptilia regulus Alipanah & Gielis & Sari & Sarafrazi & Manzari 2011, COMB. NOV.

NIPPOPTILIA REGULUS (MEYRICK) COMB. NOV. Oxyptilus regulus Meyrick, 1906: 135. Material examined: No specimen was available for study. Comments: This new combination is proposed based on the study of the original description and illustrations. The shape of the male genitalia in this species is similar to the members of Nippoptilia, especially Nippoptilia issikii. Moreover these two species are fairly close to each other in the wing pattern and characteristics, and the host plants of both species belong to the genus Vittis.Published as part of Alipanah, Helen, Gielis, Cees, Sari, Alireza, Sarafrazi, Alimorad & Manzari, Shahab, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Oxyptilini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Pterophorinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 484-547 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2) on page 529, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00705.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544144

Capperia insomnis Townsend IV 1956

CAPPERIA INSOMNIS TOWNSEND, 1956 Capperia insomnis Townsend, 1956: 93. Procapperia hackeri Arenberger, 2002: 74. syn. nov. Material examined: Capperia insomnis: 1 male (Holotype), Nakuru, bred: 1.i.1943 (A. Townsend) (genitalia preparation. BM 21288, BMNH); 1 female, Nakuru, vi.1995 (A. Townsend) (genitalia preparation BM 21289, BMNH); 1 male, Tanzania, Morogoro, 30.i.1992, leg. L. Aarvik (genitalia preparation CG 4457, Aarvik); 1 female, Democratic Republic Congo, Ht. Katanga, Panda, 15.ii.1930, leg. J. Romieux (genitalia preparation CG 5839, Mus. Geneve) (the photos of these specimens were studied). Procapperia hackeri: 1 male, 3 females (Paratypes), Yemen Arab Republic, Prov. Sana′ a, 15°12′64″ N, 43°57′38″ E, 6 km north-west of suq Baw′ an, 3035 m, 20.iv.1998, leg. A. Bischof, J. Bitterman, M. Fibiger, H. Hacker, H. Peks, H.-P. Schreier. Comments: We consider Capperia insomnis to be a senior synonym of Procapperia hackeri. These two species are very close to each other in the wing pattern and characteristics. The presence of a pair of hair tufts in the middle part of the ventral side of the specialized eighth sternite of males can be considered as an autapomorphy for C. insomnis. This species is different from all known Procapperia species in several characters and even host plants (see above).Published as part of Alipanah, Helen, Gielis, Cees, Sari, Alireza, Sarafrazi, Alimorad & Manzari, Shahab, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Oxyptilini (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae, Pterophorinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 484-547 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (2) on page 529, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00705.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544144

KIAVASH GOLZARIANPOUR, MASOUMEH MALEK, MEHDI GOLESTANINASAB ALIMORAD SARAFRAZI, JUDITH KOCHMANN & SVEN KLIMPEL (2021) Insights into the Urogymnid whiprays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman with an amendment of their diagnostic characteristics and dispersal range. Zootaxa, 4819 (2)

Golzarianpour, Kiavash, Malek, Masoumeh, Golestaninasab, Mehdi, Sarafrazi, Alimorad, Kochmann, Judith, Klimpel, Sven (2021): KIAVASH GOLZARIANPOUR, MASOUMEH MALEK, MEHDI GOLESTANINASAB ALIMORAD SARAFRAZI, JUDITH KOCHMANN & SVEN KLIMPEL (2021) Insights into the Urogymnid whiprays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman with an amendment of their diagnostic characteristics and dispersal range. Zootaxa, 4819 (2). Zootaxa 4903 (4): 599-599, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4903.4.

Insights into the Urogymnid whiprays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with an amendment of their diagnostic characteristics and dispersal range

Golzarianpour, Kiavash, Malek, Masoumeh, Golestaninasab, Mehdi, Sarafrazi, Alimorad, Kochmann, Judith, Klimpel, Sven (2020): Insights into the Urogymnid whiprays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, with an amendment of their diagnostic characteristics and dispersal range. Zootaxa 4819 (2): 316-334, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4819.2.