Pré-natal tardio: motivos e intervenções de enfrentamento na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

A gravidez é uma experiência marcante na vida da mulher. É um período em que estão presentes grandes níveis de incerteza, ansiedade, medo, insegurança e expectativa. Embora seja um processo fisiológico, está cercado de valores culturais, sociais e emocionais. Objetivo: Reconhecer os fatores que levam as gestantes a iniciarem o pré-natal tardio. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, tendo como base de dados a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e suas indexações Lilacs e Medline período de 2012 a 2022, com os descritores “pré-natal”, “tardio”, “precoce” e “atenção primária à saúde”, de forma combinada, sendo selecionados os trabalhos que tratavam dos motivos que levavam as gestantes a não iniciar o pré-natal de forma precoce. Resultados e discussão: Foram encontrados cinco trabalhos nessas bases de dados que atendiam os critérios da pesquisa. Os dados obtidos nos trabalhos levantados evidenciam algumas condições que podem estar relacionadas ao início tardio do pré-natal. Os fatores levantados associados ao início tardio do pré-natal foram: atendimento por Unidades Básicas de Saúde no lugar de Unidades Saúde da Família; a cor da pele, renda, escolaridade e a negativa ou demora no agendamento de exames. Conclusão: A condição econômica é um dos fatores que influenciam no início tardio do pré-natal, fazendo com que mulheres que vivem em situações de fragilidade desfavoráveis e dependem do governo para realizar o pré-natal possuem maior risco de terem intercorrências durante a gravidez. Tal fato ressalta a importância de consultas nas unidades de saúde de alta qualidade, preferencialmente vinculadas à Estratégia Saúde da Família, garantindo um pré-natal seguro

Preservation of modern and MIS 5.5 erosional landforms and biological structures as sea level markers : a matter of luck?

The Mediterranean Basin is characterized by a significant variability in tectonic behaviour, ranging from subsidence to uplifting. However, those coastal areas considered to be tectonically stable show coastal landforms at elevations consistent with eustatic and isostatic sea level change models. In particular, geomorphological indicators—such as tidal notches or shore platforms—are often used to define the tectonic stability of the Mediterranean coasts. We present the results of swim surveys in nine rocky coastal sectors in the central Mediterranean Sea using the Geoswim approach. The entire route was covered in 22 days for a total distance of 158.5 km. All surveyed sites are considered to have been tectonically stable since the last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5.5 [MIS 5.5]), because related sea level markers fit well with sea level rise models. The analysis of visual observations and punctual measurements highlighted that, with respect to the total length of surveyed coast, the occurrence of tidal notches, shore platforms, and other indicators accounts for 85% of the modern coastline, and only 1% of the MIS 5.5 equivalent. Therefore, only 1% of the surveyed coast showed the presence of fossil markers of paleo sea levels above the datum. This significant difference is mainly attributable to erosion processes that did not allow the preservation of the geomorphic evidence of past sea level stands. In the end, our research method showed that the feasibility of applying such markers to define long-term tectonic behaviour is much higher in areas where pre-modern indicators have not been erased, such as at sites with hard bedrock previously covered by post-MIS 5.5 continental deposits, e.g., Sardinia, the Egadi Islands, Ansedonia, Gaeta, and Circeo. In general, the chances of finding such preserved indicators are very low.peer-reviewe

Non-Invasive Methodological Approach to Detect and Characterize High-Risk Sinkholes in Urban Cover Evaporite Karst: Integrated Reflection Seismics, PS-InSAR, Leveling, 3D-GPR and Ancillary Data. A NE Italian Case Study

Sinkholes linked to cover evaporite karst in urban environments still represent a challenge in terms of their clear identification and mapping considering the rehash and man-made structures. In the present research, we have proposed and tested a methodology to identify the subsiding features through an integrated and non-invasive multi-scale approach combining seismic reflection, PS-InSAR (PSI), leveling and full 3D Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), and thus overpassing the limits of each method. The analysis was conducted in a small village in the Alta Val Tagliamento Valley (Friuli Venezia Giulia region, NE Italy). Here, sinkholes have been reported for a long time as well as the hazards linked to their presence. Within past years, several houses have been demolished and at present many of them are damaged. The PSI investigation allowed the identification of an area with higher vertical velocities; seismic reflection imagined the covered karst bedrock, identifying three depocenters; leveling data presented a downward displacement comparable with PSI results; 3D GPR, applied here for the first time in the study and characterization of sinkholes, defined shallow sinking features. Combining all the obtained results with accurate field observations, we identified and mapped the highest vulnerable zone

Benchmarking different SfM-MVS photogrammetric and iOS LiDAR acquisition methods for the digital preservation of a short-lived excavation. A case study from an area of sinkhole related subsidence

We are witnessing a digital revolution in geoscientific field data collection and data sharing, driven by the availability of low-cost sensory platforms capable of generating accurate surface reconstructions as well as the proliferation of apps and repositories which can leverage their data products. Whilst the wider proliferation of 3D close-range remote sensing applications is welcome, improved accessibility is often at the expense of model accuracy. To test the accuracy of consumer- grade close-range 3D model acquisition platforms commonly employed for geo-documentation, we have mapped a 20-m-wide trench using aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry, as well as iOS LiDAR. The latter was used to map the trench using both the 3D Scanner App and PIX4Dcatch applications. Comparative analysis suggests that only in optimal scenarios can geotagged field-based photographs alone result in models with acceptable scaling errors, though even in these cases, the orientation of the transformed model is not sufficiently accurate for most geoscientific applications requiring structural metric data. The apps tested for iOS LiDAR acquisition were able to produce accurately scaled models, though surface deformations caused by simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) errors are present. Finally, of the tested apps, PIX4Dcatch is the iOS LiDAR acquisition tool able to produce correctly oriented models