Antimicrobial Activity and Wound Healing Properties of Aloe Arborescens Extract: An in Vivo Study

Background & Objective: Burn is one of the prominent causes of death around the world, however drug discovery attempts for burn healing has not been entirely successful. Aloe arborescens (A. arborescens), is effective in the burning wounds healing and growth inhibition of bacterial pathogens. Our objective was to assess the wound healing and antibacterial effects of A. arborescens in vivo. Materials & Methods: Thirty healthy Wistar rat animals were enrolled. The treatment process continued for 21 days and sampling was conducted on days 14 and 21 and the tissue slides were sent to the pathology laboratory for testing. The bactericidal activity of A. arborescens extract was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Results: A. arborescens demonstrated a significant effect on the healing of burn wounds. Furthermore, the antibacterial effects of the A. arborescens extract against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was significantly higher than that against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) bacterial species. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study indicated that A. arborescens extract had an improving effect on the healing process of third degree burns without toxicity to the tissue

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes

Abstract Background Topical drug delivery using nanoemulsions and nanogels is a promising approach to treating skin disorders such as melanoma. Methods In this study, the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium essential oil with five major compounds, including pulegone (68.11%), l-menthone (8.83%), limonene (2.90%), iso-pulegone (2.69%), and iso-menthone (1.48%) was first identified using GC-MS (Gas chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) analysis. Afterward, a nano-scaled emulsion containing the essential oil with a droplet size of 7.70 ± 1 nm was prepared. Nanogel containing the essential oil was then prepared by adding (2% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose to the nano-scaled emulsion. Moreover, the successful loading of M. pulegium essential oil in the nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel was confirmed using ATR-FTIR (Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed) analysis. Then, human A375 melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of samples, the MTT assay evaluated cell viability, and cell apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, including Bax and Bcl-2, was evaluated using the qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. Results The results showed that cell viability was reduced by 90 and 45% after treatment with 300 μg/mL of the nanogel and nano-scaled emulsion. As confirmed by flow cytometry, this effect was mediated by apoptosis. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 genes. Therefore, the prepared nanogel, with high efficacy, could be considered a potent anticancer agent for supplementary medicine and in vivo research

بررسی روند شکایت از وسایل جامانده حین اعمال درمانی ارجاع شده به اداره کل پزشکی قانونی استان فارس از سال 1390 الی 1399

Introduction: Medical errors are a serious problem for healthcare organizations. Although foreign bodies remain after surgery, although it is not a common complication, it is always threatening and can cause serious and dangerous complications for patients. This study has been conducted with the aim of investigating the complaints of residual medical devices referred to the General Department of Forensic Medicine of Fars province from 2011 to 2019. Method: This study was descriptive-cross-sectional and retrospective. All the complaint files about the devices left during medical treatment referred to the General Department of Forensic Medicine of Fars province from 2011 to 2019 were investigated and the information contained in them was collected and recorded based on the prepared checklist. After data collection, the information was converted into sheet code and analyzed by SPSS version 21 software and descriptive statistical tests. Result: In this study, 35 cases were examined from 2011 to 2019. 54.3% of the plaintiffs were women and the rest were men. Women's specialty (37.1%) had the highest frequency of complaints about residual devices during treatment, and the most complaints about residual devices were related to caesarean section (37.19%) and inguinal hernia (20%). Almost half of the remaining devices were gas (51.4%). In the majority of complaints, the location of the remaining devices during treatment was in the pelvis (0.40%) and abdomen (37.1%). Conclusion: Considering the most frequent type of retained foreign bodies and also more frequent involved surgery wards besides detection methods for RFB, a mixed of preventing protocols such as regular counting of devices, post-operative X-ray with radiopaque markers and exact evaluation of surgery site should be employed to reduce the occurrence of retained foreign bodies and its complications.مقدمه: خطاهای پزشکی مشکل جدی سازمان های بهداشت و درمان می باشند. باقی ماندن اجسام خارجی به دنبال اعمال جراحی اگرچه عارضه شایعی نیست، ولی همواره تهدید کننده بوده و می تواند زمینه ساز عوارض وخیم و خطرناک برای بیماران باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی شکایت از وسایل جامانده حین اعمال درمانی ارجاع شده به اداره کل پزشکی قانونی استان فارس از سال 1390 الی 1399 انجام شده است. روش کار: این مطالعه از نوع  توصیفی- مقطعی و گذشته نگر بود. تمامی پرونده های شکایت از وسایل جامانده حین اعمال درمانی ارجاع شده به اداره کل پزشکی قانونی استان فارس از سال 1390 الی 1399 مورد قرار گرفت و اطلاعات موجود در آنها بر اســاس چک لیست تهیه شده جمع آوري و ثبت شد. پس از جمع آوري داده ها اطلاعات به صورت Sheet Code در آمد و توســط نرم افزار SPSS  نسخه 21 و آزمون های آماری توصیفی مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: در این مطالعه تعداد 35 پرونده از سال 1390 تا 1399 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. 3/54% از شاکیان زن و بقیه مرد بودند. تخصص زنان (1/37%)، بیشترین فراوانی شکایت از وسایل جامانده حین اعمال درمانی داشته است و بیشترین شکایت از وسایل جامانده نیز، مربوط به  عمل سزارین (19/37%) و hernia (%20) بوده است. تقریباً نیمی از وسایل جامانده گاز (4/51%)، بود. محل وسایل جامانده در اکثریت شکایات از وسایل جامانده حین اعمال درمانی لگن (40%) و شکم (1/37%) و بوده است. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به متداول‌ترین نوع اجسام خارجی باقی‌مانده و همچنین بخش‌های جراحی درگیر بیشتر علاوه بر روش‌های تشخیص RFB، ترکیبی از پروتکل‌های پیشگیری مانند شمارش منظم دستگاه‌ها، عکس‌برداری با اشعه ایکس بعد از عمل با مارکرهای رادیوپاک و ارزیابی دقیق محل جراحی برای کاهش بروز اجسام خارجی باقیمانده و عوارض آن باید انجام شود

Role of bulking agents in bladder exstrophy-epispadias complexes

Background: Role of pelvic osteotomy in surgical management of bladder exstrophy is controversial But pelvic rim closure importantly. Bulking agents have been used for perineal and pelvic dysfunction in adults. In this study, bladder extrophy repair was performed without pubic closure And bulking agent injections were used as the strut of anterior pelvis for prevention of Organ prolapse and other functions in this series. Patients and Methods: During the period 2008-2012, twenty-five exstrophy-epispadias complex patients with a mean age of 14 months underwent surgical reconstruction. Rectus abdominis Muscle was detached from the superior pubis and sutured to each other in the midline and Re-anchored at the pubis and 8-9 month later urethra was constructed and placed between prineal muscles. Bladder neck repair and intersyphyseal reconstruction was done With bulking agents one year after primary bladder closure when in our series bladder Prolapse mainly occurred. One to 4 mL of bulking agents polyacrylate (vantris/promedon) was injected at the level of the intersymphyseal area and opening on either sides of the urethra. Results: Mean urinary continence score, before, 3 and 6months after injection Were (2.65 ± 074),(1.95 ± 082),(1.75 ± 0.78), respectively.(p < 0.001). The correlation factor Between before injection, 3 and 6 months were % 82, % 74 spectively. Meancapacity of bladder before, 3, 6 months after injection were (31 ± 14.01), (41 ± 12.81), (56 ± 11.98) mml, respectively. The correlation factor before and after injection were 59%. Comparing the CS and CB between male and female before and after Injection were significant. (p < 0.001) but correlation factor in male 99% and Female 74%. Three out of five girls had improved bladder prolapse. There was no Complication, infection or migration of bulking agents. Patients had increased in soft tissue according to MRI. Conclusion: Using bulking agents is a good alternative to sling pelvic floor not only cosmetically but also for ease of patients and operation

Evaluation of the Effect of Cichorium intybus L. on the Liver Enzymes in Burn Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Burn injuries are considered an important public health problem in the world. Burns are considered the fourth most common kind of trauma in the world, after traffic accidents, falls, and interpersonal violence. Various biochemical agents are involved in the burn healing process such as cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), antioxidants, and liver and kidney damage biomarkers. Cichorium intybus L. and milk thistle extracts showed a wide range of pharmacological activities such as significant antimicrobial effect and antioxidant activity, as well as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, antiprotozoal, and hepatoprotective effect. Also, these two herbs possess blood-cleansing, detoxifying, laxative, and invigorating activities. Some research confirmed that the preparations of the extract are very suitable for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This is a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients with 2nd and 3rd degree burns have been selected to participate in the study according to the inclusion criteria. A total of 60 patients were selected and divided into intervention and control groups (30 patients in each group). Patients in the intervention group received chicory seed syrup 10 cc three times a day and 1 placebo capsule, and those in the control group received placebo syrup (10 cc three times a day) and one Livergol (140 mg of silymarin in each capsule) capsule. Lab data such as liver function tests, albumin, creatinine, BUN, and hemoglobin were checked every 3 days and 1 week after discharge. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks. According to the results of the study, although the average of liver enzymes at the end of the study does not show a significant difference between the two groups, the level of liver enzymes in each group decreased on the 15th day of the study compared to the first day. This trial is registered with IRCT20180609040016N1