Effect of Supportive Nursing Care on Self Esteem of Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Introduction: Self-esteem is an important potential indicator in etiology, diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe mental illness. ECT is a popular treatment for these patients that can effect on their self-esteem and reinforce their problems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of supportive nursing care in increasing self esteem of patients receiving ECT. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in the Baharan psychiatric hospital of Zahedan. A total of 70 cases of patients who received ECT were randomly allocated to control (n=35) and intervention (n=35) groups. The data were collected by demographic characteristics questionnaire and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). Intervention group received the supportive nursing care. The control group received only routine treatment. Self esteem level was measured and compared before and after intervention for two groups. The data was analyzed by SPSS using the χ2, t-test and ANCOVA. Results: Results showed that both groups were homogeneous on the socio- demographic characteristics. The mean self esteem in the intervention group compared with the control group was significantly increased. While controlling the effects of individual and social variables, the result shows significant differences between two groups in the mean scores of self esteem after the intervention.Conclusion: The results suggest that supportive nursing care can have positive effect on self esteem of patients receiving ECT. It is recommended to use this method for increasing self esteem of these patients

Prevalence of depression among students of Zabol Medical School, 2002

زمینه و هدف: افسردگی یکی از چهار بیماری عمده در دنیا و شایع ترین علت ناتوانی ناشی از بیماری ها می باشد. افسردگی یکی از علل خودکشی است و در سال های اخیر، در جمعیت جوان حتی نوجوان رشد فزآینده ای داشته است. افسردگی زمینه هایی مثل موفقیت، جذابیت، سلامتی و توانایی که بیشترین ارزش را برای یک جوان دارد، تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. از مخرب ترین عوارض آن کاهش میل به کار و فعالیت می‌باشد. نظر به اهمیت به حساب آوردن شیوع افسردگی بین دانشجویان جهت برنامه ریزی انواع پیش گیری ها، پژوهش حاضر به منظور تعیین میزان شیوع افسردگی دانشجویان دانشکده علوم پزشکی زابل در سال تحصیلی 81-80 انجام گرفت. روش مطالعه: این تحقیق یک مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی است. جامعه مورد پژوهش 240 نفر از دانشجویان بودند که از بین آنها 157 نفر بطور آگاهانه در پژوهش شرکت کردند. به منظور جمع آوری داده ها از فرم مشخصات فردی و پرسشنامه سنجش افسردگی بک (Beck) استفاده شد. نتایج: 3/64 دانشجویان به درجات مختلفی از افسردگی مبتلا بودند و میانگین نمره افسردگی در دانشجویان پرستاری 5/10±1/16، در دانشجویان مامایی 9/8 ±5/19، در دانشجویان بهداشت خانواده 8/5±7/8 و در دانشجویان مبارزه با بیماری ها 1/11 ±6/13 بود که آزمون آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه بین میانگین نمره افسردگی دانشجویان تفاوت معنی داری را نشان داد (004/0P=). نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر که بیانگر فراوانی افسردگی در بین دانشجویان است، باید تدابیری اتخاذ گردد تا عواملی که در بروز افسردگی مؤثر هستند، کاهش یابند و با شناخت سریع و به موقع از عواقب آن پیشگیری شود

The Effect of Psychoeducation on Anxiety in Subsequent Pregnancy Following Stillbirth: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of psychoeducation on women’s anxiety in subsequent pregnancy following stillbirth. Materials and methods: This two-arm, semi-experimental study was conducted on 100 women with subsequent pregnancy after stillbirth who visited the healthcare centers affiliated to a university of medical sciences in southeast of Iran in 2017. The eligible women were selected by using the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group attended four psychoeducation sessions during four weeks according to the determined content. On the other hand, the control group received the routine care education. After eight weeks, data were collected using Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ). To analyze the data, independent t-test, Paired t-test and Chi-square U test, were run in SPSS, version 21. Results: No significant differences were observed between the study groups in terms of demographic characteristics (p > 0.05). Although the mean score of anxiety was not significantly different in the intervention and control groups prior to the psychoeducation sessions (p = 0.83), it was significantly lower in the intervention group after the psychoeducation intervention, compared to the control group (50.64 ± 20.05 vs. 63.54 ± 22.90; p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Psychoeducation intervention could diminish anxiety in women with subsequent pregnancy after stillbirth. Therefore, we recommend incorporating the components of psychoeducation related to the special needs of this group of women as a part of the routine prenatal care and educating healthcare providers to use these interventions

The Effect of Smartphone-based Self-care Education on Awareness, Perceived Severity and Self-care Behaviors in Pregnant Women at Risk of Preterm Birth during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Background & aim: The fear of being affected by COVID-19 has significantly reduced perinatal care. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of smartphone-based self-care education on awareness, perceived severity, and self-care of pregnant women at risk of preterm birth during a covid-19 pandemic.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 115 pregnant women at risk of preterm birth that was assigned into intervention (N=58) and control (N=57) groups. The research tools included the demographic and preterm delivery screening checklist, awareness, perceived severity, and self-care questionnaires. The intervention group received training files using WhatsApp software within two weeks. The control group received no intervention. The questionnaires were completed before (T1), 8 (T2) and 12 (T3) weeks after the implementation of the intervention in two groups. ANOVA, ANCOVA, independent t-test, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the data using SPSS software (version 24)  Results: No significant difference was found between baseline data (T1) before the intervention in two groups (p>0.05); while after the intervention, a significant increase was observed in the mean score of awareness at T2 and T3 compared to T1 (P<0.001) as well as self-care at T2 and T3 compared to T1 (P<0.001). Also, a significant decrease was observed in the mean score of perceived severity (P<0.001) in the intervention and control group over time. Conclusion: It appears that distance learning to provide care for pregnant women and informing healthcare providers about their condition can be useful, especially for those who are at risk during pandemics

Explaining Positive Couple Interactions after Myocardial Infarction: A Qualitative Study

Background: The quality of marital relationships can impact couples’ cardiovascular health directly and indirectly. Given that communication is essential for a happy marriage and plays an important role in health, this study aimed to explain the positive interactions of couples after myocardial infarction.Methods: The current study was conducted qualitatively with the participation of seven couples (patient and his or her spouse) in teaching hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Then, unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted after obtaining informed consent. The interviews were immediately transcribed and analyzed. MAXQDA 2020 was used to categorize the data, and the method proposed by Elo and Kingas was used for data analysis.Results: The analysis of the data revealed that myocardial infarction could affect the way couples interact through two main themes including empathetic union (acceptance of each other’s true selves, mutual understanding, adjusting expectations, increase in cooperation and joint activities) and optimizing couples’ interactions (mutual care and attention, increase in intimacy, mutual reliance).Conclusion: This study indicated that positive couple interactions affected not only marital relationships but also health status, both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to improve nursing student education and nursing care, and would help to develop educational and supportive interventions for patients and their spouses

Effectiveness of stress inoculation training on occupational stress of midwives in healthcare centers of Zahedan in Health Transformation Plan in 2017

INTRODUCTION: Occupational stress is a main problem of healthcare workers, which significantly affects their professional and personal performance. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a stress immunization program on occupational stress of midwives working in health centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 80 midwives working in health centers of Zahedan (2017) were divided into test and control groups based on random allocation. The intervention involved a stress immunization program consisting of two workshops (each lasting 4 h) in two consecutive weeks, which was implemented for the intervention group. As data collection tool, Health and Safety Executive Occupational Stress Questionnaire was completed in three steps before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: The findings showed that mean stress score in the intervention group was increased from 79.5 ± 9.7 before intervention to 104.5 ± 17.3 immediately after it, which was increased to 110.5 ± 18.3 1 month after intervention (P 0.023). CONCLUSION: The stress immunization program is an inexpensive and effective way to reduce the stress of midwives; therefore, it is suggested to be used to effectively handle occupational stress among midwives and to improve their quality of care

Effectiveness of educational–supportive intervention in satisfaction of Iranian family members of intensive care unit patients

Education and support based on family’s needs may reduce anxiety and increase satisfaction of family members of hospitalized patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study was conducted to determine the effect of educational-supportive intervention on satisfaction of family members. In this quasi-experimental study, 154 participants of family members of hospitalized patients in ICU in Zahedan (Iran) were studied. The participants were allocated to intervention and control groups. Family Satisfaction-ICU (FS-ICU) was used as data collection tool. The validity and reliability of questionnaire was confirmed in Iran. The questionnaires were completed by both groups before and after one- week intervention. The mean change in the score of satisfaction with performance, comfort and participation in decision-making of family members of patients after educational-supportive intervention were 76.62±14.34, 73.86±4.15, and 31.61±19.323 respectively in the intervention group. These scores were significantly higher than those of control group (43.5±3.62, 22.63±5.83 and 18.12±13.84). Analysis of covariance through control of covariate showed that the mean score of satisfaction of family members concerning the three sub-scales were significantly different in two groups after intervention. According to the effect of educational-supportive intervention on the increase of family satisfaction, it is essential to apply these interventions in educational programs and family-centered care. This action reduces the family’s concern as well as increases their motivation and power in caring after patient’s discharge

A Comparative Study of Intelligence in Children of Consanguineous and Non-consanguineous Marriages and its Relationship with Holland’s Personality Types in High School Students of Tehran

Introduction: The present research aims to study and compare intelligence in children of consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages and its relation with Holland’s personality types.Methodology: This is a descriptive study and uses an ex-post facto design. The statistical population is comprised of all high school students of Tehran province in the school year 2010-2011. The sample size includes 1,221 students, 628 of whom are children of consanguineous marriages and 593 are children of non-consanguineous marriages. The researchers employed Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test and Holland Code (RIASEC) Test for data collection.Findings: T-test results indicate that there is no signifiant difference in intelligence between children of consanguineous marriages and those of non-consanguineous marriages. However, descriptive data indicate that the mean IQ in children of consanguineous marriages is one unit lower than those of non-consanguineous marriages. Also, the results of variance analysis reveal that the difference in intelligence between different personality types is signifiant. Tukey’s post hoc test results indicate that students with an investigative personality type have a higher intelligence compared with those with other personality types