Comparison of Lumbopelvic and Hip Movement Patterns During Passive Hip External Rotation in Two Groups of Low Back Pain Patients with and without Rotational Demand Activities.

BACKGROUND Because different groups of people with low back pain (LBP) engage in different tasks, their lumbopelvic-hip complex may move in different ways in those groups. The purpose of this study was to quantify the differences in lumbopelvic movement pattern during the passive hip external rotation (PHER) test in LBP patients with and without rotational demand activities (RDA). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 30 subjects with LBP, including 15 patients with-RDA and 15 patients without-RDA were enrolled. A passive hip external rotation test was performed. Pelvic and hip rotation over the full range of the test, timing of hip and pelvic motion, and pelvic rotation in the first half of the movement were measured using a 3-D motion analysis system. RESULTS Passive pelvic rotation during the test in the group with RDA was significantly greater than in the other group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in other kinematic variables, including hip external rotation, timing of hip and pelvic motion and pelvic rotation in the first half of the movement (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS 1. A greater lumbopelvic rotation ROM during the PHER existed in LBP patients who regularly participated in RDA. 2. Different groups of patients with LBP who engage in different specific activities may have a specific lumbopelvic movement pattern impairment. Therefore, each group of LBP patients in regard to their specific activities may need a different, specific plan of treatment

Investigating the association of Val/Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene with the incidence of disease in patients with Alzheimer and comparison with healthy elderly people in Iran

Background: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly and the genetic and environmental factors interfere with its creation. The BDNF gene is responsible for producing a brain-derived neuronal factor. In this disease, the valine66methionine polymorphism and nucleotide changes of 196 (G>A) BDNF are genetic risk factors .This polymorphism has not been investigated in patients with Alzheimer's disease in Iran. This study aimed to provide appropriate information on the prognosis of the disease and the ability to get it. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 73 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 100 healthy controls were evaluated. Blood samples were taken from the subjects and DNA was extracted. After quantitative and qualitative DNA analysis, PCR-RFLP was performed and the results of both groups were analyzed and compared. Results: Fourteen patients and seven controls had polymorphisms of BDNF gene. Fifty-nine patients had normal allele, 8 patients with heterozygote allele and 6 patients had methionine/methionine allele. In the controls, 93 patients had normal allele, 5 with heterozygote allele and 2 had methionine/methionine allele. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the increase in valine/methionine polymorphism in the BDNF gene in Alzheimer's patients compared to the control group can express the role of this polymorphism in this disease. Also, patients with this polymorphism had a worse clinical status than patients without this polymorphism. Therefore, evaluation of this polymorphism can provide appropriate information about the patient's condition

An anomalous Origin of Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery from Right Coronary Artery in a Patient with Acute Coronary Syndrome

A double left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery emerging from the left and right coronary arteries is classified among rare coronary anomalies. We herein report a 73-year-old man presenting with acute coronary syndrome (posterolateral myocardial infarction). He was admitted with typical chest pain, and due to his progressive ischemic changes on electrocardiography (ECG) and elevated cardiac enzyme, he was candidated for cardiac catheterization. The coronary angiography revealed an anomalous LAD from the right sinus of Valsalva. The unusual coronary anatomy was perfectly matched with the distribution of ischemia and its clinical evidence on echocardiography and ECG. The culprit lesion was stented, and the patient was discharged in good physical condition from the hospital

Fear of falling in older people with hypertension in Iran: Implications for clinical practice

Background: Older people commonly suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension. Age-related changes and hypertension treatments put older people at risk of falling and fear of falling. This study was conducted to identify the predictors of fear of falling in older people with hypertension in Tehran, Iran. Method: This retrospective study was conducted on 301 older people with hypertension above age 60 in eight educational hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Persian Falls Efficacy Scale-International. Data were analyzed with SPSS 25. Results: The mean age of the participants was 68.62 ± (6.82) years. The mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 138.94 ± (13.35) and 87.18 ± (10.65) respectively. 31.8% of the participants had a medium and high level of fear of falling. The multiple regression results showed that fear of falling was significantly associated with gender (ß = 0.20, p<0.001), educational level (ß = 0.28, p<0.001), and history of falling (ß = -0.20, p<0.001). Conclusions: The results show that higher levels of fear of falling in older people with hypertension are in male participants, with a higher level of education, and without history of falling. Providers should develop programs to prevent and reduce fear of falling in those at risk and to reduce the consequences

Association between fear of falling and self-care behaviours of older people with hypertension

Aim: This study investigated the association between fear of falling and self-care behaviours of older people with hypertension. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted in 2019 on 301 older people with hypertension above the age of 60 years in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Persian Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and a hypertension- related self-care behaviour questionnaire. Results: Analyses revealed that gender, educational level and history of falling were significant factors associated with fear of falling; and marital status, educational level and income source were significant factors associated with self-care behaviours (p< 0.05). Partial correlations controlling for education revealed a significant positive correlation showing that high fear of falling is associated with worse health promotion self-care behaviours and significant inverse correlations with psycho-emotional, social and daily self-care behaviours (p< 0.05), meaning that high fear of falling is associated with better self-care for these dimensions. Patient or Public Contribution: This study involved patients in order to evaluate the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. The study was conducted on older people with hypertension referred to hypertension clinics in hospitals

Imperforate Hymen and Hydrocolpos: A Case Report

Introduction: Although the exact incidence rate of vaginal atresia is not clear, studies show that this disorder is often accompanied with imperforate hymen associated with hydrocolpos. We &nbsp;reported a 30-day-old infant with vaginal atresia and hydrocolpos secondary to imperforate hymen who went under a two-stage vaginoplasty for treatment. Case description: The patient was a 30-day-old female infant who was referred to the Taleghani Hospital in Gorgan with symptoms of abdominal distension and urinary retention, in 2016. The patient went under emergency laparotomy.&nbsp; A large hydrocolpos was observed in the initial exploration. Fluid within the hydrocolpos was drained. A week later, the second surgery was done for vaginal repair and hymen reconstruction. Conclusion: We performed a two-stage vaginoplasty that consisted hydrocolpos drainage in the first stage and hymen repair by cruciate incision in the second stage. Early use of imaging techniques and surgical treatment can prevent the secondary complications of the disorder such as hydronephrosis and sepsis

Effect of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function and metabolic status in Alzheimer&#39;s disease: a randomized, double-blind and controlled trial

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with severe cognitive impairments as well as some metabolic defects. Scant studies in animal models indicate a link between probiotics and cognitive function. This randomized, double-blind and controlled clinical trial was conducted among 60 AD patients to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function and metabolic status. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=30 in each group) treating with either milk (control group) or a mixture of probiotic (probiotic group). The probiotic supplemented group took 200 ml/day probiotic milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus fermentum (2×109 CFU/g for each) for 12 weeks. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score was recorded in all subjects before and after the treatment. Pre- and post-treatment fasting blood samples were obtained to determine the related markers. After 12 weeks intervention, compared with the control group (-5.03%±3.00), the probiotic treated (+27.90%±8.07) patients showed a significant improvement in the MMSE score (P<0.001). In addition, changes in plasma malondialdehyde (-22.01%±4.84 vs. +2.67%±3.86 µmol/L, P<0.001), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-17.61%±3.70 vs. +45.26%±3.50 µg/mL, P<0.001), homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (+28.84%±13.34 vs.+76.95%±24.60, P=0.002), Beta cell function (+3.45%±10.91 vs. +75.62%±23.18, P=0.001), serum triglycerides (-20.29%±4.49 vs. -0.16%±5.24 mg/dL, P=0.003) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (-1.83±1.26 vs. -4.66±1.70, P=0.006) in the probiotic group were significantly varied compared to the control group. We found that the probiotic treatment had no considerable effect on other biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, fasting plasma glucose and other lipid profiles. Overall, the current study demonstrated that probiotic consumption for 12 weeks positively affects cognitive function and some metabolic statuses in the AD patients