Investigation of neuroprotective effects of topiramate as an antiepileptic agent in experimental spinal cord injury model

Amaç: Bu çalışmada spinal kord yaralanmasında antioksidan etkisi olan topiramatın sıçanlardaki nöroprotektif etkisi araştırıldı.Gereç ve yöntemler: Çalışma 40 adet Wistar albino cinsi erkek sıçan ile yapıldı. Sıçanlar yapılan işlemlere göre beş gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 (n8); laminektomi yapıldı, travma oluşturulmadı, tedavi verilmedi. Grup 2 (n8); laminektomi yapıldı, travma oluşturuldu, tedavi verilmedi. Grup 3 (n8); laminektomi yapıldı, travma oluşturuldu, salin (30 mg/kg) verildi. Grup 4 (n8); laminektomi yapıldı, travma oluşturuldu, metilprednizolon (30 mg/kg) verildi. Grup 5 (n8); laminektomi yapıldı, travma oluşturuldu, topiramat (30 mg/kg) verildi. Travma spinal kordun Yaşargil anevrizma klipsiyle (Aesculap FE 721 K) kliplenmesi ile oluşturuldu. Motor fonksiyonlar travma sonrası birinci günde eğik düzlem testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Alınan spinal kord doku örneklerinde malondialdehit (MDA), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) ve süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) düzeyleri ELISA yöntemi ile ölçüldü.Bulgular: MDA yüksekliği açısından grup 1 ile grup 4 ve grup 5 arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (p0.013). Grup 4 ve grup 5 arasında SOD düzeyi açısından istatistiksel fark görülmedi (p0.80). Grup 4 ve grup 5 arasında GPx düzeyi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p0.51). Grup 4 ve grup 5 arasında CAT düzeyi açısından istatistiksel fark görülmedi (p0.38). Eğik düzlem testinde motor aktivite açısından grup 4 ve grup 5'in sonuçları tedavi grupları arasında en iyi değere sahipti. Histopatolojik incelemede grup 4 ve grup 5'te travma sonrası kesitlerde minimal ödem, normale yakın gri ve beyaz cevher bulguları izlendi.Sonuç: Sıçanlarda oluşturulan akut spinal kord travma modelinde biyokimyasal belirteçler, histolojik inceleme, motor fonksiyon değerlendirme verilerine dayanılarak, topiramatın nöroprotektif etkili olduğu, omurilik travmalarının akut tedavisinde kullanılabileceği, ancak bu konuda daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu görüşündeyizObjectives: This study aims to research neuroprotective effects of topiramate that has antioxidant effects in spinal cord injury in rats.Materials and methods: We performed the study with 40 male Wistar albino rats. We divided the rats in five groups in terms of performed procedures. Group 1 (n8); laminectomy was performed, trauma was not created, treatment was not given. Group 2 (n8); laminectomy was performed, trauma was created, treatment was not given. Group 3 (n8); laminectomy was performed, trauma created, saline (30 mg/kg) was given. Group 4 (no8); laminectomy was performed, trauma was created, methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) was given. Group 5 (n8); laminectomy was performed, trauma was created, topiramate (30 mg/kg) was given. The trauma was created through clipping the spinal cord by Yaşargil aneurysm clip (Aesculap FE 721 K). Motor functions were evaluated by using the inclined plane test on the first day after injury. Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the spinal cord tissue samples taken, were measured by ELISA method.Results: We found statistically significant difference for high levels of MDA between group 1 and groups 4 and 5 (p0.013). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of SOD level between group 4 and group 5 (p0.80). There was no statistically significant difference for GPx levels between group 4 and group 5 (p0.51). There was no statistically significant difference for CAT levels between group 4 and group 5 (p0.38). Results of group 4 and group 5 had the best value among the treatment groups in motor activity examination by inclined plane test. We observed minimal edema and near-normal gray and white matter findings in the posttraumatic sections of group 4 and group 5 in the histopathological examination.Conclusion: We think that topiramate has a neuroprotective effect that can be used in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury in rats, based on biochemical markers, histological examination and motor function assessment data, but there is the need for further studies on this matte

Late Epilepsy Due to Intracranial Sewing Needle: Case Report

We present two adult cases who presented with seizures and found to have intracranial sewing needles incidentally during their evaluation. The mechanism, treatment and medicolegal aspects are discusse

Intraosseous schwannoma of thoracic 12 vertebra without spinal canal involvement

Schwannomas are of common tumors of the nerve sheath cells. They present as well-circumscribed masses attached to the peripheral nerves, cranial nerves, or spinal nerve roots. Intraosseous localization of these tumors is rare. The presented case is a 55-year-old female patient, the very first case of intraosseous schwannoma of Th12 vertebra without spinal canal involvement. She was admitted with a progressive back pain and seldom pain and numbness in the right leg for 1 year. Preoperative findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images of the lesion resembled that of any primary tumor of the bone. The patient was operated on via posterior approach and the tumor was removed totally. Histopathological examinations revealed schwannoma. Our case emphasizes the heterogeneous presentation of the nerve sheath cell tumors in the differential diagnosis of the primary vertebral column tumors