Seizure is a rare presentation for acute hemolysis due to G6PD deficiency. We report a previously healthy boy who presented initially with seizure and cyanosis and subsequently acute hemolysis, due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) an

Seizure is a rare presentation for acute hemolysis due to G6PD deficiency. We report a previously healthy boy who presented initially with seizure and cyanosis and subsequently acute hemolysis, due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) and probably secondary methemoglobinemia, following the ingestion of fava beans

Endodontic Management of Three-rooted Mandibular First Premolar Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Case Report

The anatomy of the root canal system always affects endodontic treatment outcomes. Mandibular premolar teeth demonstrate extreme variations in root canal morphology. Mandibular first premolars typically exhibit basic single-root and single-canal anatomy. The occurrence of three roots in the mandibular first premolar has not been commonly reported in the literature. This article reported a case of a 26-year-old male with spontaneous pain of the mandibular first premolar representing the presence of an extra canal on the periapical radiograph. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the root canal details which led to the finding of three canals. Further, a periapical bone defect was detected, and finally, the nonsurgical endodontic management of the mandibular first premolar with three canals and three different apical foramina was performed in one session

Evaluation of university performance using BSC and ANP

Measuring the relative performance of universities play important role on better educational planning. During the past few years, balanced scorecard (BSC) has become popular among researchers as a technique for measuring the performance of business units. This method studies a particular firm in terms of four different perspectives including internal processes, learning and growth, customer and financial figures. One primary concern on using such method is that this method does not consider the relative importance of these components. In this paper, we present a hybrid of BSC with analytical network process to measure the relative performance of an educational unit in Iran

Effect of fiber configuration on the fiber-to-mortar bond behaviour

Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have received extensive attention as a sustainable solution for seismic strengthening of masonry and historical structures. This new system is composed of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix and is applied on the masonry substrate surface as an externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) system. The bond at the textile-to- mortar and at the mortar-to-substrate interfaces are the main stress-transfer mechanisms and therefore should be thoroughly investigated. Although several studies have been focused on characterization of the bond behavior in MRT- masonry composites during the last years, there is still a lack of suitable constitutive laws. Most of the available studies have addressed the bond behavior through single-lap shear bond tests in which the bond of the MRT system to masonry substrate is evaluated. The bond performance between the fiber and mortar, however, has received few attention and is the main subject of this study. The presented work consist of fiber pull-out tests on a (unidirectional) steel-based and a (bidirectional) glass-based TRM composite as common reinforcing systems. The roles of transverse fibers (in glass-based TRM) as well as number of fibers on the bond behavior are also investigated. The results show that transverse elements cause toughness to increase. In addition, by increasing the number of fibers, the obtained failure modes change from slipping to mortar cracking.FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors (COMPETE 2020) and by national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633. The support to the first author through the grant SFRH/BD/131282/201

Effect of early curing and substrate preparation conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of TRM-masonry composites

Textile reinforced mortars (TRMs) are innovative sustainable composite materials that recently received extensive attention for strengthening of masonry structures. Understanding the mechanical performance of these composites has therefore been the subject of many recent studies. However, most of these investigations have focused on the mechanical properties of these composites under controlled laboratory conditions, and their performance under field conditions is still unknown. The critical role of substrate preparation and curing conditions on the performance of these repair systems have never been addressed before. To address this gap, this paper presents an experimental investigation on the role of these factors on the performance of two different TRM systems (a steel-based TRM and a glass-based TRM) commonly used for strengthening masonry structures. The results show the importance of these factors and the need for the identification of standard procedures for the application of these systems aiming the optimization of their performance in the fieldFEDER funds partly funded this work through the Competitively Factors Operational Program (COMPETE) and by national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633. The support to the first author through grant SFRH/BD/131282/2017 is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would like to thank the Kerakoll Company for supplying the GeoCalce Fino mortar and GeoSteel G600 fibe

An analytical model for the textile-to-mortar bond behaviour

Non-traditional retrofitting and strengthening, such as textile-reinforced mortar systems (TRMs), have recently received extensive attention for seismic protection of masonry and historical structures. One of the most important parameters in TRM- strengthened masonry is the bond behaviour of textile-to mortar and mortar-to-substrate. Although in the literature there are some researches about the bond behaviour between TRM and substrate, few attention has been paid to the bond of textile - to - mortar under pull - out test. An analytical model simulating the bond behaviour of textile - to - mortar composites is presented to relate the mechanical properties of the mortar and the textile as well as the load - slip curve gained from the pull - out tests. The objective of this study is to obtain the bond-slip law of different textile configurations and embedded lengths. In the formulation of the pull-out model, a modified approach based on a mathematical model by Banholzer is applied. Firstly, based on the experimental results and material properties, a relationship between the bond shear stress and the relative slip along the fiber-mortar interface is obtained.FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors (COMPETE 2020) and by national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633. The support to the first author through the grant SFRH/BD/131282/201

Single fibre-to-mortar bond characterization in TRM composites

Textile-reinforced mortars (TRM) have been identified as sustainable materials for externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) of masonry and historical structures. The fibre-to-mortar bond, the TRM-to-masonry bond, and the mechanical properties of the TRM constituents have a fundamental role in the performance of this strengthening technique. Although several studies can be found in the literature with the focus on characterization of the tensile response and TRM-to-masonry bond behaviour, the fibre-to-mortar bond response that plays a critical role in the performance of these systems have received few attention. This paper, as a step towards addressing the gap in characterization of the fibre-to-mortar bond behaviour, presents an experimental and analytical investigation on the effect of test setup and fiber embedded length on the pull-out response and bond-slip laws in TRM composites. Three different pull-out test setups, consisting of one pull-pull and two pull-push configurations, are developed and investigated for characterization of the single fibre- to-mortar bond behaviour. The experimental and analytical results are discussed and presented and bond-slip laws are extracted for each test setup and embedded length.European Union's Marie Curie Individual Fellowship program under REA grant agreement No. 701531. This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE) and by national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633. The support to the second author through grant SFRH/BD/131282/201

Bond behaviour in lime-based textile reinforced mortars

Application of textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have for strengthening of existing structures or for production of new thin structural elements has attracted a growing recent attention. TRMs are made of continuous fibres (in the form of fabric or mesh) embedded in an inorganic matrix forming a composite material. The large variety of available fabric (glass, steel, basalt, PBO, etc.) and mortar types (cement-based, lime-based, etc.) leads to a wide range of mechanical properties making these composites suitable for fit-for-purpose design applications. Due to mechanical and hygrothermal compatibility issues, lime-based TRMs are the preferred choice for application to existing masonry and historical structures. Meanwhile, cement-based TRMs are usually employed for application to existing concrete or new masonry structures. The main characteristic behaviour of these composites is the tension stiffening response and distributed cracking under tensile loads which are highly influenced by the fabric-to-mortar bond behaviour. Fundamental understanding of this mechanism (the fabric-to-mortar bond behaviour) and parameters affecting that are therefore of critical importance of designing TRM composites with desired properties. This paper presents and overview of the recent studies we performed during the lat years for better udnertanding this mechanism.Portuguese Scientific Foundation (FCT) for the financial support through grant SFRH/BD/131282/201

Effect of mortar age on the textile-to-mortar bond behavior

Current Topics and Trends on Durability of Building Materials and Components: Proceedings of the XV edition of the International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components (DBMC 2020)Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have received extensive attention as a sustainable solution for seismic strengthening of masonry and historical structures. This new system is composed of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix and is applied on the masonry and the concrete substrate surface as an externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) system. The bond at the textile-to-mortar interfaces is the main stress-transfer mechanism and, therefore, should be thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the effectiveness of TRMs in improving the seismic performance of existing structures is highly dependent on the durability of its components, materials, textile-to-mortar bond, and their long-term behavior. Due to the novelty of these materials in application to masonry structures, several aspects related to the durability and long-term performance of them are still not clear. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at the time effect on the mechanical properties and bond behavior between fiber and mortar. For this purpose, two different hydraulic lime-based mortars, as well as steel and glass fibers, are used to investigate the effect of mortar age on the TRM system after 180 days. The results show that at the early age of mortars, their mechanical properties, and the bond behavior of textile-to-mortar have been increased. Another critical point to remember is that by increasing the mortar age, textile-to-mortar bond and mortar strength are decreased.FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE) and by national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633. The support to the first author through grant SFRH/BD/131282/2017 is acknowledged. Also, the authors would like to thank the Kerakoll Company for supplying the GeoCalce Fino mortar as well as GeoSteel G600 fiber