Waste Concrete Structure Used as Construction Material

The thesis topic is how concrete demolition waste (CDW) can be crushed, recycled, and used in different forms as concrete materials. The aim is to underline how CDW usage affects the European Union countries' economies and the environment concerning their legislations. The impact of recycled CDW has both negative and positive environmental consequences. The total amount of CDW produced each year in Europe, the amount of CDW recycled, the amount used for backfilling, and the amount that goes to the landfills annually. In addition, it prevents concrete waste from affecting the environment of European countries. The thesis uses Eurostat’s online data to analyze the annual CDW produced in three European countries: Germany, Finland, and The United Kingdom. There are differences in the use of CDW recycling in each country, the quantity that goes to backfilling and landfills annually, economic aspects of these member states' CDW recycling, and the impact of CDW on their environment. In addition, the legislation of each country governing the recycling of CDW emphasizes positive shifts that affect the environment, health, and the economy. The analysis reveals that the use of concrete demolition waste (CDW) minimizes the rate of concrete waste going to landfills and again reduces the usage of natural materials such as rock, clinker, and natural coarse aggregates. The construction of extensive artificial grounds, high depth filling, and the building of pavements and roads can be substituted with recycled waste concrete to give it a second chance of usage. In addition, the advantages, and disadvantages of CDW before and after recycling are considered, as well as the diversion of accuracy in data collection of CDW in both construction sites and each European Union member state