Desarrollo de un nuevo mapa genético de alta densidad en trigo duro para la identificación de nuevos QTLs de calidad

ABSTRACT Most traits that define durum wheat quality are controlled by multiple genes located in different parts of the genome. The main regions of the genome that control these traits are QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci). In order to perform successful breeding programs in wheat quality, the localization of QTLs is essential. For this purpose, it is necessary to study the segregation of many markers in an experimental population and develop a genetic map. The aim of this study is to develop a high-density genetic map from an experimental population result from the crossing of Endural and Aldura wheat varieties that differ on their quality. Based on DArTseq genotyping data of Endural and Aldura, that includes PAVs (Presence Absence Variants) and SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers, a quantity and distribution analysis of polymorphic markers between the parents was performed. As a result, 16.657 well distributed polymorphic markers were obtained, ensuring the good results of DArTseq technique it the population Endural X Aldura. For the construction of a novel genetic map, 108 families from Endural X Aldura population and the two parents were genotyped using DArTseq strategy. The raw data were filtered to identify good quality markers, and certain values with genotype errors or missing data in the parents were imputed to maximize the number of useful markers. Subsequently, a total of 639 SNPs and 1.573 PAVs were selected for genetic maps construction. Three different genetic maps were developed by a linkage analysis approach using JoinMap5, one with only SNPs markers, one with only PAVs markers and one combining both types (PAVs+SNPs). The map that showed optimal resolution and quality was PAVs+SNPs which managed to position 2.117 markers where 1.094 previously had unknown location. Moreover, the comparison between the genetic map and the reference genome revealed useful information for solving possible scaffold assembly errors in the genome annotation. Finally, based on the phenotypic color data of our population and the PAVs+SNPs novel genetic map, a QTL detection assay was carried out using SIM method with MapQTL6 software. A QTL associated with semolina color was detected on chromosome 7A only 0,1 Mb away from the responsible gene (PsyA1) which proves the reliability and accuracy of the PAVs+SNPs map. The large differences in wheat quality between Endural and Aldura makes this new genetic map capture polymorphisms in regions involved in quality that are not represented in the consensus map. This genetic map will be useful for the identification of new QTLs involved in the geneti

Libro de Actas del XV Congreso de estudiantes de Ciencia, Tecnología e Ingeniería Agronómica

Trabajos científicos, de prácticas, revisiones bibliográficas de estudiantes de la ETSIAAB presentados como comunicaciones orales y pósters

Dietary α-linolenic acid, marine ω-3 fatty acids, and mortality in a population with high fish consumption: Findings from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study

12 Páginas.-- 6 Tablas.-- 1 FiguraBackground-Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-derived ω-3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω-3 fatty acids (long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). Methods and Results-We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regressionmodels were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated towalnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9-y follow-up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios formeeting ALArecommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56-0.92) for all-causemortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58-1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios formeeting the recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67-1.05) for all-causemortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39-0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29-0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22-1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all-cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45-0.87]). Conclusions-In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all-cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish-derived long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.This study was funded in part by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Spanish Ministry of Economy) through grants RTIC G03/140, RTIC RD 06/0045, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares CNIC 06/2007, ISCIII FIS PS09/01292, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) AGL2010‐22319‐C03‐02 and AGL2009‐13906‐C02‐02, and an unrestricted grant from the California Walnut Commission. Sala‐Vila holds a Miguel Servet I fellowship from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the ISCIII