Nématodes de l'abomasum du dromadaire au Maroc : une enquête épidémiologique

Les nématodes de l'abomasum sont responsables de lourdes pertes économiques pour les élevages camelins marocains. Peu d'études ont été réalisées dans la région et la présence de troupeau mixte (ovin, caprins et camelins) rend possible la présence d'infestations hétérologues. Les objectifs de l'étude sont de recenser la faune abomasale du dromadaire et d'évaluer l'importance des infestations hétérologues à Haemonchus. Les résultats de l'étude menée pendant un mois à l'abattoir de Lâayoune ont montré l'existence d'une helminthofaune de la caillette limitée à Haemonchus longistipes, confirmant une faible réceptivité du dromadaire aux infestations hétérologues à Haemonchus spp.

DPPA2 and DPPA4 are necessary to establish a 2C‐like state in mouse embryonic stem cells

After fertilization of the transcriptionally silent oocyte, expression from both parental chromosomes is launched through zygotic genome activation (ZGA), occurring in the mouse at the 2-cell (2C) stage. Among the first elements to be transcribed are the Dux gene, the product of which induces a wide array of ZGA genes, and a subset of evolutionary recent LINE-1 retrotransposons that regulate chromatin accessibility in the early embryo. The maternally inherited factors that activate Dux and LINE-1 transcription have so far remained unknown. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) recapitulate some aspects of ZGA in culture, owing to their ability to cycle through a 2C-like stage when Dux, its target genes, and LINE-1 integrants are expressed. Here, we identify the paralog proteins DPPA2 and DPPA4 as necessary for the activation of Dux and LINE-1 expression in mESCs. Since their encoding RNAs are maternally transmitted to the zygote, it is likely that these factors are important upstream mediators of murine ZGA

KRAB zinc finger protein ZNF676 controls the transcriptional influence of LTR12-related endogenous retrovirus sequences.

BACKGROUND: Transposable element-embedded regulatory sequences (TEeRS) and their KRAB-containing zinc finger protein (KZFP) controllers are increasingly recognized as modulators of gene expression. We aim to characterize the contribution of this system to gene regulation in early human development and germ cells. RESULTS: Here, after studying genes driven by the long terminal repeat (LTR) of endogenous retroviruses, we identify the ape-restricted ZNF676 as the sequence-specific repressor of a subset of contemporary LTR12 integrants responsible for a large fraction of transpochimeric gene transcripts (TcGTs) generated during human early embryogenesis. We go on to reveal that the binding of this KZFP correlates with the epigenetic marking of these TEeRS in the germline, and is crucial to the control of genes involved in ciliogenesis/flagellogenesis, a biological process that dates back to the last common ancestor of eukaryotes. CONCLUSION: These results illustrate how KZFPs and their TE targets contribute to the evolutionary turnover of transcription networks and participate in the transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic traits

Detection and benchmarking of somatic mutations in cancer genomes using RNA-seq data

To detect functional somatic mutations in tumor samples, whole-exome sequencing (WES) is often used for its reliability and relative low cost. RNA-seq, while generally used to measure gene expression, can potentially also be used for identification of somatic mutations. However there has been little systematic evaluation of the utility of RNA-seq for identifying somatic mutations. Here, we develop and evaluate a pipeline for processing RNA-seq data from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors in order to identify somatic mutations. The pipeline entails the use of the STAR aligner 2-pass procedure jointly with MuTect2 from genome analysis toolkit (GATK) to detect somatic variants. Variants identified from RNA-seq data were evaluated by comparison against the COSMIC and dbSNP databases, and also compared to somatic variants identified by exome sequencing. We also estimated the putative functional impact of coding variants in the most frequently mutated genes in GBM. Interestingly, variants identified by RNA-seq alone showed better representation of GBM-related mutations cataloged by COSMIC. RNA-seq-only data substantially outperformed the ability of WES to reveal potentially new somatic mutations in known GBM-related pathways, and allowed us to build a high-quality set of somatic mutations common to exome and RNA-seq calls. Using RNA-seq data in parallel with WES data to detect somatic mutations in cancer genomes can thus broaden the scope of discoveries and lend additional support to somatic variants identified by exome sequencing alone

Nématodes de l'abomasum du dromadaire au Maroc (une enquête épidémiologique)

Les nématodes de l abomasum sont responsables de lourdes pertes économiques pour les élevages camelins marocains. Peu d études ont été réalisé dans la région et la présence de troupeau mixte (ovin, caprins et camelins) rend possible la présence d infestations hétérologues. Les objectifs de l étude sont de recenser la faune abomasale du dromadaire et d évaluer l importance des infestations hétérologues à Haemonchus. Les résultats de l étude menée pendant un mois à l abattoir de Lâayoune ont montré l existence d une helminthofaune de la caillette limitée à Haemonchus longistipes, confirmant une faible réceptivité du dromadaire aux infestations hétérologues à Haemonchus spp..TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Répertoire général de toutes les pièces de théâtre, qui se représentent ordinairement, tant à Paris que dans la plupart des autres grandes villes du royaume de France ; avec les noms de leurs auteurs, & la date de leurs premieres représentations : ouvrage destiné principalement à l'utilité des acteurs & directeurs de province & qui n'est pas moins avantageux pour les amateurs de spectacles auxquels il fournit le catalogue de la bibliothèque dramatique la plus complete. Par M.C. Du C***

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