Business Process Model Reasoning: From Workflow to Case Management

AbstractExisting limitations and problems in the current life-cycle of software applications is expected to encourage new development paradigms. New technological trends, aimed at responding to current needs, such as flexibility, dynamics, scalability and creativity will drive the envisaged changes. This article describes the various types of business processes, ranging from structured workflows to semi-structured flexible business processes, and methods to model each type of business process. Development of business process models based on the knowledge economy, changing corporate strategy and organization design, and agile enterprise paradigm requires BPMS technology to support weakly structured business activities and emerging ad-hoc tasks. Increasingly, organizations are expanding the use of BPM beyond their initial focus on structured processes into more challenging, cross-boundary processes that include more unstructured components. Case management technology allows the modeling of cases in which a business goal is achieved by taking decisions in the context of documents and other content objects. Case management is considered dynamic because it focuses on unstructured and ad- hoc processes. It is likewise a continuing process that involves people, information, processes, and technical tools. Furthermore, it is adaptive and adaptable because it can be used by non-technical users and is versatile in its applications in different situations. With the use of case management, circuitous business processes, fragmented communication, repetitive operations, missing documents, and long approval times can be permanently abolished

Detección de la contaminación térmica de los embalses urbanos mediante el método de radiometría IR en el ejemplo del lago Kenon, región de Zabaykalsky

Los cuerpos de agua (por ejemplo, ríos, lagos y embalses) son una parte integral del entorno urbano. La infraestructura de la ciudad afecta su condición, en particular, la contaminación, incluido el calor, que puede provocar un aumento del fitoplancton y zooplancton, incluidas las algas verdeazuladas, y la aparición de toxinas en el agua. La identificación de lugares donde se vierte agua caliente en los embalses es una tarea urgente. Uno de los métodos para resolver este problema es el monitoreo de embalses desde el espacio. Así, con la ayuda de imágenes satelitales infrarrojas, se hacen visibles las anomalías térmicas. En el trabajo, estudiamos el lago Kenon ubicado en la ciudad de Chita. Las imágenes satelitales se obtuvieron del Lansat-8. Los canales utilizados fueron 10 y 11, con una resolución de 60 metros. Revelamos que (1) el momento óptimo para detectar anomalías térmicas es el tiempo antes de la congelación en clima tranquilo; (2) la causa de la anomalía térmica de este embalse es una central térmica; (3) El análisis de los últimos 5 años ha demostrado que la superficie del agua con una temperatura superficial aumentada del embalse no cambia; (4) el gradiente de temperatura entre las zonas frías y cálidas es de 5 °C; (5) el área del punto de calor no supera el 10% de la superficie total del lago. Las conclusiones anteriores se confirmaron mediante mediciones de campo

Self-similar turbulent dynamo

The amplification of magnetic fields in a highly conducting fluid is studied numerically. During growth, the magnetic field is spatially intermittent: it does not uniformly fill the volume, but is concentrated in long thin folded structures. Contrary to a commonly held view, intermittency of the folded field does not increase indefinitely throughout the growth stage if diffusion is present. Instead, as we show, the probability-density function (PDF) of the field strength becomes self-similar. The normalized moments increase with magnetic Prandtl number in a powerlike fashion. We argue that the self-similarity is to be expected with a finite flow scale and system size. In the nonlinear saturated state, intermittency is reduced and the PDF is exponential. Parallels are noted with self-similar behavior recently observed for passive-scalar mixing and for map dynamos.Comment: revtex, 4 pages, 5 figures; minor changes to match published versio

Exploring the impact of social stress on the adaptive dynamics of COVID-19: Typing the behavior of na\"ive populations faced with epidemics

In the context of natural disasters, human responses inevitably intertwine with natural factors. The COVID-19 pandemic, as a significant stress factor, has brought to light profound variations among different countries in terms of their adaptive dynamics in addressing the spread of infection outbreaks across different regions. This emphasizes the crucial role of cultural characteristics in natural disaster analysis. The theoretical understanding of large-scale epidemics primarily relies on mean-field kinetic models. However, conventional SIR-like models failed to fully explain the observed phenomena at the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. These phenomena included the unexpected cessation of exponential growth, the reaching of plateaus, and the occurrence of multi-wave dynamics. In situations where an outbreak of a highly virulent and unfamiliar infection arises, it becomes crucial to respond swiftly at a non-medical level to mitigate the negative socio-economic impact. Here we present a theoretical examination of the first wave of the epidemic based on a simple SIRSS model (SIR with Social Stress). We conduct an analysis of the socio-cultural features of na\"ive population behaviors across various countries worldwide. The unique characteristics of each country/territory are encapsulated in only a few constants within our model, derived from the fitted COVID-19 statistics. These constants also reflect the societal response dynamics to the external stress factor, underscoring the importance of studying the mutual behavior of humanity and natural factors during global social disasters. Based on these distinctive characteristics of specific regions, local authorities can optimize their strategies to effectively combat epidemics until vaccines are developed.Comment: 29 pages, 16 figures, 1 table, 2 appendice

Non-conservation of the valley density and its implications for the observation of the valley Hall effect

We show that the conservation of the valley density in a multi-valley insulator is broken in an unexpected way by an electric field, such as the one that is used to drive the valley Hall effect. This observation explains how a fully gapped insulator (i.e., one without edge states that cross the Fermi level) can support a valley Hall current in the bulk and yet show no valley density accumulation at the edges. If the insulator is not fully gapped, either because there are edge states crossing the Fermi level or because carriers are introduced in the conduction or valence band, then valley density accumulation at the edges is possible, paving the way to a direct observation of the valley Hall effect. However, the magnitude of the accumulation depends crucially on the inclusion of the anomalous electric field term in the continuity equation that relates valley current and density.Comment: 5 pages + 6 pages of supplemental material, 4 figure

Non-conservation of the valley density and its implications for the observation of the valley Hall effect

We show that the conservation of the valley density in multi-valley and time-reversal-invariant insulators is broken in an unexpected way by the electric field that drives the valley Hall effect. This implies that fully-gapped insulators can support a valley Hall current in the bulk and yet show no valley density accumulation on the edges. Thus, the valley Hall effect cannot be observed in such systems. If the system is not fully gapped then valley density accumulation at the edges is possible and can result in a net generation of valley density. The accumulation has no contribution from undergap states and can be expressed as a Fermi surface average, for which we derive an explicit formula. We demonstrate the theory by calculating the valley density accumulations in an archetypical valley-Hall insulator: a gapped graphene nanoribbon. Surprisingly, we discover that a net valley density polarization is dynamically generated for some types of edge terminations