Tongue Twisting Word Listing

I’m Tall like Bunyan, Pierce, and Gasol,I’m white like Wall, but my names not Paul, unfortunate fortune tellers break their crystal ball,Peter Piper picked a patch, cabbage patch doll,wicked wizardry words slippery like lotion ~excerpt from poe

Made in Criticalland: Designing Matters of Concern

Critical and theoretical concepts and theories are now firmly embedded within design education, but to what goal? How will the practice of design develop and change under the ethos of critical inquiry? Indeed, what version of ‘critique’? Taking inspiration from Latour’s essay 'Why Has Critique Run out of Steam? From Matters of Fact to Matters of Concern (2004), this paper will outline how we are introducing concepts and methods derived from science and technology studies (STS), principally developments in actor-network theory (ANT), as part of the BA and MA design programmes at Goldsmiths. To begin, we provide a brief reading of Latour’s essay, discussing its relevance for design education. In doing so we aim to propose an alternative version of critical practice: a criticality that is oriented towards a non-reductive empirical realism tracing the complex messy entanglements of societies with all their strange, weird and wonderful hybrid objects. At the core of the paper, then, is the question of how designers might adopt a realist empirical approach towards the research of societies, actors and networks, whilst allowing for creative speculation. To address this question we present two case studies to highlight the benefits and shortfalls of an STS and ANT inspired approach to design. The first describes a series of workshops with which we encourage our students to adopt the concepts and methods of STS and ANT as part of their design practice. In the second case study we present a design brief in which we ask students to seriously address fictional futures through the associative mingling of statistical entities. In doing so we are exploring how design can address the mediation of expectations and temporality: how, for example, designers might act with ‘matters of concern’ to prospect futures. Each of the case studies highlights a problematic found within both ANT and Design: the first issue is one of truncation. How, in accepting an empirical logic of connectivity, designers delimited and edit their networks of observation and influence. The second case study focuses on the issue of temporality, or more specifically 'future orientation', 'potential' or 'prospect'. Here, design can be seen as a means of ‘departure’ in the material-semiotic lives of objects

Vascular types I and II transforming growth factor-beta receptor expression: differential dependency on tyrosine kinases during induction by TGF-β

AbstractRecent evidence indicates that the type II transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor (TβRII) is a serine-threonine-tyrosine kinase. However, the significance of its tyrosine kinase is unclear. We investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibition on the expression of TGF-β receptor types I (ALK-5) and II (TβRII) mRNA, induced by TGF-β1. TGF-β1 elevated ALK-5 mRNA levels 5-fold; essentially similar TGF-β1-dependent elevations were observed with growth factors, PDGF-BB and FGF-2. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein abolished these TGF-β1 and growth factor responses. TGF-β1 also elevated TβRII mRNA levels which were not inhibited by genistein. We conclude that tyrosine kinases participate in defining how cells respond to TGF-β

Simplified models of stellar wind anatomy for interpreting high-resolution data: Analytical approach to embedded spiral geometries

Recent high-resolution observations have shown stellar winds to harbour complexities which strongly deviate from spherical symmetry, generally assumed as standard wind model. One such morphology is the archimedean spiral, generally believed to be formed by binary interactions, which has been directly observed in multiple sources. We seek to investigate the manifestation in the observables of spiral structures embedded in the spherical outflows of cool stars. We aim to provide an intuitive bedrock with which upcoming ALMA data can be compared and interpreted. By means of an extended parameter study, we model rotational CO emission from the stellar outflow of asymptotic giant branch stars. To this end, we develop a simplified analytical parametrised description of a 3D spiral structure. This model is embedded into a spherical wind, and fed into the 3D radiative transfer code LIME, which produces 3D intensity maps throughout velocity space. Subsequently, we investigate the spectral signature of rotational transitions of CO of the models, as well as the spatial aspect of this emission by means of wide-slit PV diagrams. Additionally, the potential for misinterpretation of the 3D data in a 1D context is quantified. Finally, we simulate ALMA observations to explore the impact of interefrometric noise and artifacts on the emission signatures. The spectral signatures of the CO rotational transition v=0 J=3-2 are very efficient at concealing the dual nature of the outflow. Only a select few parameter combinations allow for the spectral lines to disclose the presence of the spiral structure. The inability to disentangle the spiral from the spherical signal can result in an incorrect interpretation in a 1D context. Consequently, erroneous mass loss rates would be calculated..