Marketing Digital Importancia del marketing digital para la pequeña y mediana empresas como una oportunidad de ampliar la comercialización

El objetivo de este seminario es dar a conocer la importancia, las distintas plataformas de redes sociales y las herramientas de marketing digital, específicamente en el ámbito de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, con el propósito fundamental de mantenerse vigentes y competir apropiadamente en el mercado y aumentar la rentabilidad de los negocios. Se mostrará la importancia del marketing digital como una oportunidad de negocio en la comercialización de productos y servicios. La base teórica que sustenta este informe se hace énfasis en tres capítulos tales como: Los conceptos generales del marketing, marketing digital en redes sociales con el uso de plataformas electrónicas y marketing digital con sus diferentes tipos herramientas incluyendo google. La investigación presentada fue recolectada de diversas fuentes de información, tiene un soporte teórico, basado en libro de diferentes escritores del marketing, así como seminarios de graduación y páginas web autorizadas. La metodología utilizada para la elaboración del presente informe fueron la lectura y recopilación de documentación bibliográfica basado en el marketing digital, apoyados del instructivo de las normativas APAS para el desarrollo del mismo. Los principales términos descriptores del informe, son la introducción, justificación y objetivos

Proyecto de emprendimiento para la Micro Empresa C’viche Sabormar, dedicada a la elaboración y comercialización de ceviches, ubicada en el de Jinotepe, departamento de Carazo, durante el segundo semestre del año 2020

Es muy importante que al realizar una inversión en un determinado emprendimiento hacer los cálculos e investigaciones a fondo para tratar de disminuir los riesgos inherentes en un cualquier proyecto a plantear. El presente documento con enfoque de emprendimiento tiene como objetivo evaluar las necesidades del mercado, costos económicos y financieros, e implementar una pequeña empresa ubicada en Jinotepe Carazo, dedicada a la elaboración y comercialización de diferentes ceviches, así como también la venta de cervezas siendo estos otros ingresos para la microempresa. Este producto se ofrecerá al público en general principalmente a las personas que quieran disfrutar de un alimento que lucha con muchas enfermedades como cáncer, problemas del corazón entre otras. El producto que se ofrecerá a la población será diferenciado a la competencia indirecta por los ingredientes frescos, de buena calidad, y el sabor mexicano recargado de muchos ingredientes para satisfacer las necesidades del consumidor. Para el desarrollo de este proyecto se tomaron diferentes puntos de vista, que parten del diagnóstico en el estudio de mercado e identificar las necesidades que tenga el consumidor, de esta manera que nuestro producto penetre con facilidad. El estudio técnico logra que el proceso del ceviche sea de calidad con productos frescos realizando presupuestos para la elaboración y de esta manera generar un margen de ganancia; en el estudio financiero realizamos cálculos que conlleven al que el proyecto llegue hacer rentable llevando a cabo los costos y gasto de la micro empresa, en la evaluación financiera se ha considerado una inversión inicial de 263,263 la misma que tendrá una recuperación de capital a los 6 meses de operaciones. La viabilidad del proyecto arrojando un VAN por un valor de C$ 1.710.902,18, córdobas y un TIR de 347,86%, Sobre la base de lo mencionado consideramos que el proyecto es bastante rentable

Organizadores gráficos como estrategias para la enseñanza de Animales Vertebrados y su incidencia en el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes de octavo grado del Instituto Nacional Las calabazas durante el II semestre 2019

Este estudio se realizó en el Instituto Nacional Las calabazas, ubicado en la comarca las calabazas del municipio ciudad Darío, durante el primer semestre del año 2019. En el cual se observó el desarrollo de la asignatura de Ciencias Naturales. El presente trabajo investigativo consiste en la realización de organizadores gráficos como estrategias que permitan enriquecer los conocimientos de la enseñanza de las ciencias físico naturales en la III unidad de octavo grado. Estas estrategias contribuyan a llevar con éxito la enseñanza disciplinas con mayor cientificidad en la comprensión de los contenidos. También la aplicación de las estrategias facilitaran un mejor aprendizaje significativo en los estudiantes, ventajas que estas aportan a la educación como herramientas necesarias que despierten el interés y la motivación de los alumnos con la finalidad de desarrollar habilidades y destrezas en las actividades a realizar con las actividades en las aulas de clase. Por consiguiente la investigación presenta aspecto introducción, planteamiento del problema, Justificación, antecedente, entre otros, esta investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo transversal, utilizando como técnica de recolección de datos la entrevista y el KPSI. La investigación surge por la problemática que se observó en la clase de Ciencias Naturales con estudiantes de octavo grado “A” quienes en el desarrollo del contenido Animales vertebrado se detectaron clases con enfoque tradicionalista (clases teóricas), poca aplicación de organizadores gráfico qué promuevan la motivación e interés de los estudiantes, falta de material didáctico a la hora de impartir la clase, poco interés de los estudiantes en adquirir conocimientos, uso de distractores en horas de clase e Indisciplina De acuerdo a los resultado obtenido se concretó la necesidad de brindar alternativa a la docente que le permita visualizar nueva estrategias didácticas que implemente organizadores gráfico como estrategias para la enseñanza del contenido animales vertebrados (peces, anfibios y reptiles), que beneficiara en el aprendizaje significativo de los dicente. Esto llevo a diseñar, una unidad didáctica a través del cual se propusieron estrategias didáctica que fortalecen en el aprendizaje del dicente, tales como: Organizadores gráficos en el cual son: Cuadro sinóptico, mapa conceptual, mapa mental, entre otro

Parkinsonian motor impairment predicts personality domains related to genetic risk and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia

Identifying endophenotypes of schizophrenia is of critical importance and has profound implications on clinical practice. Here we propose an innovative approach to clarify the mechanims through which temperament and character deviance relates to risk for schizophrenia and predict long-term treatment outcomes. We recruited 61 antipsychotic naïve subjects with chronic schizophrenia, 99 unaffected relatives, and 68 healthy controls from rural communities in the Central Andes. Diagnosis was ascertained with the Schedules of Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry; parkinsonian motor impairment was measured with the Unified Parkinson\u27s Disease Rating Scale; mesencephalic parenchyma was evaluated with transcranial ultrasound; and personality traits were assessed using the Temperament and Character Inventory. Ten-year outcome data was available for ~40% of the index cases. Patients with schizophrenia had higher harm avoidance and self-transcendence (ST), and lower reward dependence (RD), cooperativeness (CO), and self-directedness (SD). Unaffected relatives had higher ST and lower CO and SD. Parkinsonism reliably predicted RD, CO, and SD after correcting for age and sex. The average duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was over 5 years. Further, SD was anticorrelated with DUP and antipsychotic dosing at follow-up. Baseline DUP was related to antipsychotic dose-years. Further, \u27explosive/borderline\u27, \u27methodical/obsessive\u27, and \u27disorganized/schizotypal\u27 personality profiles were associated with increased risk of schizophrenia. Parkinsonism predicts core personality features and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia. Our study suggests that RD, CO, and SD are endophenotypes of the disease that may, in part, be mediated by dopaminergic function. Further, SD is an important determinant of treatment course and outcome

Parkinsonian motor impairment predicts personality domains related to genetic risk and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia

Identifying endophenotypes of schizophrenia is of critical importance and has profound implications on clinical practice. Here we propose an innovative approach to clarify the mechanims through which temperament and character deviance relates to risk for schizophrenia and predict long-term treatment outcomes. We recruited 61 antipsychotic naïve subjects with chronic schizophrenia, 99 unaffected relatives, and 68 healthy controls from rural communities in the Central Andes. Diagnosis was ascertained with the Schedules of Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry; parkinsonian motor impairment was measured with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; mesencephalic parenchyma was evaluated with transcranial ultrasound; and personality traits were assessed using the Temperament and Character Inventory. Ten-year outcome data was available for ~40% of the index cases. Patients with schizophrenia had higher harm avoidance and self-transcendence (ST), and lower reward dependence (RD), cooperativeness (CO), and self-directedness (SD). Unaffected relatives had higher ST and lower CO and SD. Parkinsonism reliably predicted RD, CO, and SD after correcting for age and sex. The average duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was over 5 years. Further, SD was anticorrelated with DUP and antipsychotic dosing at follow-up. Baseline DUP was related to antipsychotic dose-years. Further, ‘explosive/borderline’, ‘methodical/obsessive’, and ‘disorganized/schizotypal’ personality profiles were associated with increased risk of schizophrenia. Parkinsonism predicts core personality features and treatment outcomes in schizophrenia. Our study suggests that RD, CO, and SD are endophenotypes of the disease that may, in part, be mediated by dopaminergic function. Further, SD is an important determinant of treatment course and outcome

Towards a dynamic checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of Ecuador – using the <i>Consortium of Lichen Herbaria</i> to manage fungal biodiversity in a megadiverse country

peer reviewedA checklist of Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi of Ecuador is presented with a total of 2599 species, of which 39 are reported for the first time from the country. The names of three species, Hypotrachyna montufariensis, H. subpartita and Sticta hypoglabra, previously not validly published, are validated. Pertusaria oahuensis, originally introduced by Magnusson as ‘ad interim’, is validated as Lepra oahuensis. The form Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata is validated. Two new combinations, Fissurina tectigera and F. timida, are made, and Physcia mobergii is introduced as a replacement name for the illegitimate P. lobulata Moberg non (Flörke) Arnold. In an initial step, the checklist was compiled by reviewing literature records of Ecuadorian lichen biota spanning from the late 19th century to the present day. Subsequently, records were added based on vouchers from 56 collections participating in the Consortium of Lichen Herbaria, a Symbiota-based biodiversity platform with particular focus on, but not exclusive to, North and South America. Symbiota provides sophisticated tools to manage biodiversity data, such as occurrence records, a taxonomic thesaurus, and checklists. The thesaurus keeps track of frequently changing names, distinguishing taxa currently accepted from ones considered synonyms. The software also provides tools to create and manage checklists, with an emphasis on selecting vouchers based on occurrence records that can be verified for identification accuracy. Advantages and limitations of creating checklists in Symbiota versus traditional ways of compiling these lists are discussed. Traditional checklists are well suited to document current knowledge as a ‘snapshot in time’. They are important baselines, frequently used by ecologists and conservation scientists as an established naming convention for citing species reported from a country. Compiling these lists, however, requires an immense effort, only to inadequately address the dynamic nature of scientific discovery. Traditional checklists are thus quickly out of date, particularly in groups with rapidly changing taxonomy, such as lichenized fungi. Especially in megadiverse countries, where new species and new occurrences continue to be discovered, traditional checklists are not easily updated; these lists necessarily fall short of efficiently managing immense data sets, and they rely primarily on secondary evidence (i.e. literature records rather than specimens). Ideally, best practices make use of dynamic database platforms such as Symbiota to assess occurrence records based both on literature citations and voucher specimens. Using modern data management tools comes with a learning curve. Systems like Symbiota are not necessarily intuitive and their functionality can still be improved, especially when handling literature records. However, online biodiversity data platforms have much potential in more efficiently managing and assessing large biodiversity data sets, particularly when investigating the lichen biota of megadiverse countries such as Ecuador

Prediction of Neurocognitive Deficits by Parkinsonian Motor Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Study in Neuroleptic-Naïve Subjects, Unaffected First-Degree Relatives and Healthy Controls From an Indigenous Population

Background: Neurocognitive deficits are among the most debilitating and pervasive symptoms of schizophrenia, and are present also in unaffected first-degree relatives. Also, multiple reports reveal parkisonian motor deficits in untreated subjects with schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives of affected subjects. Yet, the relation between motor and cognitive impairment and its value as a classifier of endophenotypes has not been studied. Aims: To test the efficacy of midbrain hyperechogenicity (MHE) and parkinsonian motor impairment (PKM) as predictors of neurocognitive impairment in subjects with or at risk for schizophrenia, that could be used to segregate them from first-degree relatives and healthy controls. Method: Seventy-six subjects with chronic schizophrenia never exposed to antipsychotic medication, 106 unaffected first-degree relatives, and 62 healthy controls were blindly assessed for cognitive and motor function, and transcranial ultrasound. Results: Executive function, fluid intelligence, motor planning, and hand coordination showed group differences. PKM and MHE were significantly higher in untreated schizophrenia and unaffected relatives. Unaffected relatives showed milder impairment, but were different from controls. Conclusions: PKM and MHE predict cognitive impairment in neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected first-degree relatives and may be used to segregate them from first-degree relatives and healthy controls

Acute Effects of Dietary Protein Consumption on the Postprandial Metabolic Response, Amino Acid Levels and Circulating MicroRNAs in Patients with Obesity and Insulin Resistance

The post-nutritional intervention modulation of miRNA expression has been previously investigated; however, post-acute dietary-ingestion-related miRNA expression dynamics in individuals with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are unknown. We aimed to determine the acute effects of protein ingestion from different dietary sources on the postprandial metabolic response, amino acid levels, and circulating miRNA expression in adults with obesity and IR. This clinical trial included adults with obesity and IR who consumed (1) animal-source protein (AP; calcium caseinate) or (2) vegetable-source protein (VP; soy protein isolate). Glycaemic, insulinaemic, and glucagon responses, amino acid levels, and exosomal microRNAs isolated from plasma were analysed. Post-AP ingestion, the area under the curve (AUC) of insulin (p = 0.04) and the plasma concentrations of branched-chain (p = 0.007) and gluconeogenic (p = 0.01) amino acids increased. The effects of different types of proteins on the concentration of miRNAs were evaluated by measuring their plasma circulating levels. Compared with the baseline, the AP group presented increased circulating levels of miR-27a-3p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-122-5p (p < 0.05). Subsequent analysis over time at 0, 30, and 60 min revealed the same pattern and differences between treatments. We demonstrated that a single dose of dietary protein has acute effects on hormonal and metabolic regulation and increases exosomal miRNA expression in individuals with obesity and IR