The effect of zinc complex of N-isopropenylimidazole on the morphological characteristics of gum tissues in experimental endodontic-periodontal lesions in rats Authors

Introduction: Combined inflammatory and destructive processes affecting the dental pulp and tissues of the periodontal complex are among the most problem diseases of the dental system. Current therapy with use of available pharmacological agents does not always allow achieving the expected positive result. In addition, often the lack of information about morphological processes in the tissues of the dental system, in particular the gums, with endodontic-periodontal lesion (EPL) limits the ability of dentists to carry out targeted pharmacotherapy with both traditional and, in particular, new medications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological characteristics of gum tissues in a therapeutic context of N-isopropenylimidazole zinc complex derivative in experimental endodontic-periodontal lesion in rats. Materials and Methods: A simulation of EPL in rats was performed in two ways: simultaneous induction of acute periodontitis and parodontitis by pulp extraction and natural infection of the pulp cavity, as well as by ligation of the necks of lower incisors. The research protocols included 5 groups of animals: 1st – intact group (control-1); 2nd – animals with simulated EPL (control-2); 3rd – animals with simulated EPL and treated with Metrogyl Denta® gel (M-D); 4th – animals with simulated EPL and treated with N–isopropenylimidazole zinc complex derivative gel under the laboratory code Pilim-1; and 5th – animals with simulated EPL and treated with the combination of M-D + Pilim-1. The gum of the lower incisors was taken for morphological studies. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Computer morphometry was performed using the ImageJ software. Results and Discussion: The substances M-D, Pilim-1 and, especially, the combination of M-D+Pilim-1 (against the background of chlorhexidine bigluconate used as oral rinse) for 14 days in rats with simulated EPL cause a significant improvement of the morphological structure of the gum with minimal residual dystrophy and sclerosis. The combination M-D + Pilim-1 led to a 1.3-time increase in epithelial thickness, and a 1.5-time decrease in acanthosis depth in comparison with M-D, while the number of capillaries and their diameter had no significant differences. Compared with Pilim-1, the epithelial thickness increased 1.5 times, and the acanthosis depth and the number of capillaries decreased 1.6 and 1.4 times, respectively, whereas the diameter of the capillaries did not change significantly. The pronounced protective effect of the combination M-D + Pilim-1 on the morphological structure of the gingival mucosa of rats with simulated EPL may be associated with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, regenerating, angioprotective and antioxidant properties of both M-D and Pilim-1 separately, and, possibly to a greater extent, of the combination M-D + Pilim-1. Conclusion: The substances M-D, Pilim-1 and, especially, the combination M-D + Pilim-1 (against the background of chlorhexidine bigluconate used as oral rinse) for 14 days in rats with simulated EPL have a protective effect on the epithelial structure and the connective tissue of the proper mucous plate, manifested in active normalization of pathological changes and significant restoration of their organotypic structure

The effect of the composition of Soderm®-Forte gel and the new injectable form of Rexod® on pathology findings in gingival tissue in experimental periodontitis in rats

Introduction: Periodontitis is the most important problem of modern dentistry. The development of new medicines and treatment regimens for patients with periodontal complex lesions is a strategic direction of modern pharmacology and dentistry. In this view, pride of place goes to morphological research, which allows not only to study the effect of drugs on pathomorphological changes in periodontal tissues, but also to estimate their therapeutic effectiveness. Aim of the study: to determine the nature of the effect of the composition of Soderm®-Forte gel and the new injectable form of Rexod® on the pathology findings in gingival tissue of rats with experimental periodontitis. Materials and methods: Experimental periodontitis (EP) was induced in rats by ligature method. The study was performed according to the following algorithm: animals with intact periodontium; animals with untreated EP; animals with EP treated with traditional drug therapy (TDT); animals with EP treated with combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and the new injectable form (NIF) of Rexod®. For pathomorphological examination, biopsy specimen was taken from the gingival margin of the lower incisors. The ImageJ software was used for computer morphometry. Results and discussion: Examination of the gum samples revealed moderate therapeutic effects of the TDT. The combinations of TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and, to a greater extent, TDT with Soderm®-Forte gel and the NIF of Rexod® showed high pharmacotherapeutic efficacy, manifested in rapid regeneration of the gingival tissues. Conclusion: The combination of TDT, Soderm®-Forte gel and the NIF of Rexod® shows the most beneficial effect on the pathological processes in the gum. The pharmacotherapeutic effect of the studied combination promotes the earliest regeneration of damaged gum tissues and reduces the risk of persistent pathology changes in them