Box plots comparing times to attack by kelp greenling and copper rockfish in the absence of the model predator (‘no predator’ treatment).

<p>Because mesopredator densities varied by species and reef, times were multiplied by local density as a weighting factor.</p

Interactions between mesopredators and tethered prey adjacent to the model predator (fibreglass replica of an adult lingcod seen in the background).

<p>In panel A vertical arrows point to <i>Pandalus</i> shrimps tethered to the chain behind (only antennae are visible for peripheral shrimps). The left-pointing arrow indicates a male kelp greenling closely inspecting prey while swimming rapidly through the vicinity of the model predator. The right-pointing arrow indicates a copper rockfish inspecting prey while slowly swimming at a greater distance. Panel B shows an attack by a female kelp greenling, the species least responsive to the model predator, during the same trial.</p

Box plots comparing the probabilities that different species of mesopredators will (A) inspect or (B) attack tethered prey during experimental treatments.

<p>Numbers above boxes in panel A indicate sample sizes (i.e., number of reefs in which the treatment was replicated and the particular species was present); these same numbers apply to panel B. Boxes enclose the median (centerline) and 25th and 75^th percentiles (boundaries of the box); line caps indicate 10th and 90th percentiles.</p

Map of the study area. Black circles represent study reefs (labelled in italics).

<p>Map of the study area. Black circles represent study reefs (labelled in italics).</p