Disciplinary liability of Professional Services

Článek se zabývá problematikou kárné odpovědnosti jednotlivých svobodných profesí a dalších profesí v resortu spravedlnosti. Srovnává rozsah jejich kárné odpovědnosti dle příslušné právní úpravy a výši sankcí. Dále obsahuje shrnutí výsledků šetření mezi jednotlivými samosprávnými komorami a justičními organizacemi o počtu evidovaných příslušníků jednotlivých profesí a množství jejich kárných deliktů. Článek byl prezentován v rámci 27. mezinárodní vědecké konference soudního inženýrství ExFoS v Brně dne 1. 2. 2018.The article deals with the issue of disciplinary liability of individual professions and other professions in the field of justice. It compares the extent of their disciplinary liability according to the relevant legislation and the level of sanctions. It also contains a summary of the results of investigations between individual self-governing chambers and judicial organizations and the number of registered members of individual professions and the amount of their disciplinary offenses. The paper was presented in the 27th International Scientific Conference of Forensic Engineering ExFoS in Brno on February 1, 2018

Comparison of the Carcass and Beef Quality of the Czech Fleckvieh Bulls with Genotype TT and CT for Leptin and Bulls of Galloway and Charolais Breeds

The objective of the present study was to compare the quality of the carcass and beef of bulls genotyped for leptin (TT and CT) of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle with Galloway and Charolais bulls. Analysed were 232 bulls. The quality of the carcass body was significantly (p < 0.05) the highest in Charolais bulls (78.1% beef, 1.66% fat) as compared with bulls of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle (77.06% beef, 2.52% fat). The percentage of bones in the weight of the carcass body was the same in all breeds (20.49%; 20.28%; 20.24%, respectively). Indicators of the nutritional quality apart from the energetic value of meat of the Galloway and Charolais breeds were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the breed. In terms of fatty acids significant (p < 0.01) differences were discovered in the intramuscular fat of the MLT between the Czech Fleckvieh cattle and both beef breeds in the levels of C16:0; C20:0; C14:1; C16:1; C20:1; C20:2 and rate of the C14index. A significant (p < 0.05) difference in the level of oleic acid was detected between the meat of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle (37.77 g.100g −1) and Charolais (41.23 g.100g−1). From the viewpoint of human health the most favourable rates of fatty acids (C14index = 22.07; C16index = 13.63; C18index = 64.19; AI = 0.67) were seen in the meat of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle. The smallest diameter of muscle fibres (35.61 µm) was detected in the Czech Fleckvieh cattle as compared to the Galloway (37.60 µm) and Charolais (38.01 µm) breeds

A study of single nucleotide polymorphism of leptin gene effect on serum copper, zinc and iron concentrations in Czech Pied bulls

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is secreted mainly in adipose tissue. Due to the associations between plasma leptin concentrations and body fat, leptin could be used as an indicator for the in vivo evaluation of carcass composition in breeding programs. Previous studies showed relation between leptin concentrations and some trace elements, suggesting that they might be mediators of leptin production. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphism of the leptin gene on concentration of trace elements in the serum of 58 Czech Pied bulls. Three experimental groups of bulls were formed depending on different leptin genotypes: group CC (n = 28), group CT (n = 21) and group TT (n = 9). In all groups, the age (at a mean age of 240 days) and the body weight (mean 291 ± 11 kg) difference among the chosen animals was non-significant. Blood samples of all bulls in experimental groups were collected from vena jugularis externa between 8.00 and 9.30 h. Concentrations of copper, zinc and iron in the serum of animals were measured. Significantly lower (P TT group (13.21 ± 1.81 µmol·l-1) compared to CC (20.09 ± 1.11 µmol·l-1) and CT group (19.67 ± 1.45 µmol·l-1). In case of copper and iron concentrations in serum of animals, no differences were recorded between the tested groups. This is the first study of its kind in Czech Pied cattle. Based on our results, we may assume that zinc plays some role in the metabolism of adipose tissue, havings an effect on beef quality

Impact of organic fertilisation and subsequent grassland abandonment on floristic composition

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in floristic composition of permanent grasslands after the cessation of their regular utilisation and organic fertilisation. A long-term small plot trial was established in 2004 in locality Rapotín. During 2004-2012, the experiment was fertilised with compost and slurry, both with the range of stocking rates 0.9, 1.4 and 2.0 livestock units (LU)/ha (corresponding to 54, 84, and 120 kg N/ha). The plots were cut 2-4 times per year depending on given dose of fertiliser. During 2013‒2016, the regular management was ceased and the grasslands were completely abandoned. Before the grassland abandonment, the highest total number of species (24 species) was found in the treatments regularly fertilised with compost. The dominance of grasses was influenced by the grassland management, with decreasing intensity of utilisation, the dominance of grasses increased. Four years after the grassland abandonment, the species diversity in almost all treatments decreased and the dominance of grasses increased in all treatments, up to the value 67-80%. Based on the data about the soil chemical parameters from two investigated years, our results suggested not only the effect of grassland management and its subsequent abandonment, but also a residual effect of the both organic fertilisers. These findings indicated the importance of the maintenance of regular grassland management for sustainable conservation of grassland communities

The changes of fatty acids composition in beef of charolaise bulls slaughtered at different weight

The aim of this work was to evaluate a slaughter weight influence (500–580; 581–640; 641–700 kg) of Charolaise bulls on intramuscular fat content and fatty acid profile in musculus longissimus thoracis (MLT). The beef samples from 144 bulls were used to be evaluated. Statistically evidential (P < 0.05) differences in the intramuscular fat proportions (1.14 < 1.54 < 1.76%) in MLT samples were proved at all the weight categories of bulls. The highest average proportional ratio was determined in palmitic acid (C16:0), that ranged from 23.75% in bulls at 500–580 kg weight category to 24.79 % at 641–700 kg weight group. The lowest ratio of MUFA was in eicosapentaeonic acid (C20:1), its content ranged from 0.36% in the third weight group to 0.53% in 500–580 kg weight group. The highest MUFA ratio was in oleic acid (C18:1) at amount of 39.64% with difference ± 2.932%. The oleic acid ratio in beef rose up linearly according to the higher slaughtering weight (P < 0.01). Positive relation was proved between a slaughter weight and C18:3 a C22:5 PUFA content. The decrease of eicosapentaeonic and eicosadienoic acid was negative due to the essentiality for human health

Evaluation of the Floristic Composition and Soil Properties of Grasslands in the Mohelno Serpentine Steppe 20 Years Since the Reintroduction of Sheep Grazing

In the paper there is evaluated floristic composition and soil characteristics of grasslands in the Mohelno Serpentine Steppe, where the sheep grazing was renewed after ca 60 years in 1997. Soil samples were collected in spring 2016 from 9 permanent plots MHS 1-9 in the same date as the phytocoenological relevés were conducted. In the soil there was determined the soil acidity and the content of macro- and micronutrients. Data were evaluated using RDA (redundance analysis). It was found the higher dominance of species such as: Plantago lanceolata L., Festuca pseudovina Hack. ex Wiesb., Achillea collina Heimerl, Cerastium arvense L. and Centaurea scabiosa L. by higher content of basic macronutrients (N, P, K) in the soil. There is was apparent tendency for the decrease in the species diversity connected with increasing soil nutrient content