Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Sex difference in thermal preference of adult mice does not depend on presence of the gonads

Paperwork score shows the nesting material of each score. Table S1. Baseline characteristics indicate the animal data from the adaptation weeks. (PDF 147 kb

Average food intake (A) and average food intake corrected for body weight (B) 2 hrs after ICV injections of acylated (AG, 5 µg), unacylated (UAG, 5 µg) and combination (AG+UAG, 5 µg of each peptide).

<p>Data are mean ± SEM, n = 10 per group, ANOVA, ^*p<0.05 vs. saline-treated animals, ^#p<0.05 vs. AG group.</p

C-Fos immunoreactivity in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) two hrs after ICV injections of vehicle (A) UAG (B), AG (C) or AG+UAG (D).

<p>The scale bar applies to all images. C-Fos positive nuclei were counted in 8 sections from 4 rats and these quantitative data are presented in the histogram (*, p<0.01 v. saline; #, p<0.05 v. AG). Color images were corrected for color balance and contrast before conversion to grayscale.</p

The effects of central AG, UAG and combination of AG and UAG treatment on hypothalamic <i>Mc4r</i> (A), <i>Mc3r</i> (B), <i>Agrp</i> (C) and <i>Pomc</i> (D) gene expression, corrected for <i>Hprt</i> and <i>Actb</i>.

<p>Data are mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, ANOVA, ^*p<0.05 vs. saline-treated animals, ^#p<0.05 vs. AG group.</p

POMC and c-Fos are co-expressed in neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus following UAG treatment.

<p>POMC and c-Fos immunoreactivity was identified in sections of the hypothalamus using multi-label immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry. Separate nuclear (DAPI, blue), POMC (green), c-Fos (red) and composite (merge) confocal laser-scanning microscope images are shown from a representative section. The arrowhead indicates a neuron that contains both POMC and c-Fos immunoreactivity. The scale bar represents 20 µm.</p

The effects of central AG, UAG and combination of AG and UAG treatment on hypothalamic <i>Ucp2</i> (A) and <i>Bmp8B</i> (B) gene expression, corrected for <i>Hprt</i> and <i>Actb</i>.

<p>Data are mean ± SEM, n = 6 per group, ANOVA, ^*p<0.05 vs. saline-treated animals, ^#p<0.05 vs. AG group.</p

C-Fos immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) two hrs after ICV injections of vehicle (A) UAG (B), AG (C) or AG+UAG (D).

<p>The scale bar applies to all images which are representative of sections from 4 rats. C-Fos positive nuclei were counted in 12 sections from 4 rats and these quantitative data are presented in the histogram (*, p<0.01 v. saline; #, p<0.05 v. AG). Color images were corrected for color balance and contrast before conversion to grayscale.</p

C-Fos immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) two hrs after ICV injections of vehicle (A) UAG (B), AG (C) or AG+UAG (D).

<p>The scale bar applies to all images. C-Fos positive nuclei were counted in 8 sections from 4 rats and these quantitative data are presented in the histogram (*, p<0.01 v. saline; #, p<0.05 v. AG). Color images were corrected for color balance and contrast before conversion to grayscale.</p

Treatment parameters for both non-arthritic and arthritic mice treated with prednisolone for 21 days.

<p>Both non-arthritic and arthritic mice are treated with prednisolone (0, 1.5, 10 and 30 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Each experimental group consists of 12 mice; in total 48 non-arthritic and 48 arthritic mice were included. Values represent means ± SD during the blood glucose kinetics test except BW, which is represented as means ± SD before the test.</p><p>* Significant difference (p≤0.05) when compared to the placebo-treated group of that same parameter.</p>#<p>Significant difference (p≤0.05) when compared to the placebo-treated non-arthritic mice.</p><p>Treatment parameters for both non-arthritic and arthritic mice treated with prednisolone for 21 days.</p

Treatment parameters for both non-arthritic and arthritic mice treated with placebo, prednisolone (10 mg/kg) or ORG 37663 (12 mg/kg) for 21 days.

<p>Both non-arthritic and arthritic mice are treated with placebo, prednisolone (10 mg/kg/day) or ORG 37663 (12 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Each experimental group consists of 12 mice; in total 36 non-arthritic and 36 arthritic mice were included. Values represent means ± SD during the blood glucose kinetics test except BW, which is represented as means ± SD before the test.</p><p>* Significant difference (p≤0.05) when compared to the placebo-treated group of that same parameter.</p>#<p>Significant difference (p≤0.05) when compared to the placebo-treated non-arthritic mice.</p><p>Treatment parameters for both non-arthritic and arthritic mice treated with placebo, prednisolone (10 mg/kg) or ORG 37663 (12 mg/kg) for 21 days.</p