Taxonomic Classification for Living Organisms Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Taxonomic classification has a wide-range of applications such as finding out more about the evolutionary history of organisms that can be done by making a comparison between species living now and species that lived in the past. This comparison can be made using different kinds of extracted species’ data which include DNA sequences. Compared to the estimated number of the organisms that nature harbours, humanity does not have a thorough comprehension of which specific species they all belong to, in spite of the significant development of science and scientific knowledge over many years. One of the methods that can be applied to extract information out of the study of organisms in this regard is to use the DNA sequence of a living organism as a marker, thus making it available to classify it into a taxonomy. The classification of living organisms can be done in many machine learning techniques including Neural Networks (NNs). In this study, DNA sequences classification is performed using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) which is a special type of NNs

Association between timing of elective cesarean delivery and adverse outcomes among women with at least two previous cesareans.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of delivery at 37 weeks of pregnancy versus 38 weeks or later on maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with multiple previous cesareans. METHODS: In a retrospective study, data were assessed from women with at least two previous cesareans who delivered by cesarean at 37 weeks of pregnancy or later at a tertiary referral hospital in Jordan between January 2013 and November 2015. RESULTS: Among 886 eligible women, 505 (57.0%) delivered at 37 weeks (group 1) and 381 (43.0%) delivered at 38 weeks or later (group 2). There was no difference in intraoperative or postoperative complications between the two groups. In multivariate analysis, women in group 2 had lower odds of delivering neonates with respiratory distress syndrome than did those in group 1 (adjusted odds ratio 0.3, 95% confidence interval 0.2-0.5; P=0.046). However, neonatal jaundice was more common in group 2 (adjusted odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.7-2.7; P=0.035). CONCLUSION: Among women with multiple cesareans, delivery at 37 weeks was associated with increased risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity and decreased risk of neonatal jaundice, but not with a reduction in maternal complications, as compared with delivery at 38 weeks or later