Clinical justification of dental radiology in adult patients : a review of the literature

Although the radiological doses used by dentists are low individually, patients are often exposured to many repeat dental radiographic examinations. The ?routine? use of dental radiography, such as screening of all patients using dental panoramic radiography (DPRs) or a random decision to take a dental radiograph, will inevitable lead to unnecessary patient exposure. The use of Radiographic Referral Criteria has now become a legal requirement for all practitioners following the adoption of European Legislation. All exposures to x-rays should be clinically justified and each exposure should be expected to give the patient a positive net benefit. Recently the European Commission has published guidelines (1) on radiation protection in dental radiology. Guidelines have previously been available in a number of European countries (2,3) and also within the United States (4,5). At the present time, no specific guidelines have been published within Spain. The aim of this review article is to provide the Spanish dentist with guidance as to the appropriateness of different radiographic techniques for a variety of clinical conditions and also the frequency with which they should be taken. It is hoped that this document will act as a useful work tool in daily dental practice

Semiología radiológica de aparato digestivo: transito esófago-gastro-duodenal y enema opaco

[SPA] Esta publicación, destacando la Semiología Radiológica Elemental de un sistema específico del organismo forma las bases de todos los procesos de entrenamiento del Radiodiagnóstico médico, tiene un formato electrónico, multimedia, interactivo y autoejecutable. Estas publicaciones resultan ser al mismo tiempo económicas y eficaces y ofrecen una excelente calidad de transmisión de los fundamentos de las especialidades médicas basadas en el Diagnóstico por Imagen.[ENG] This publication, outlining the Elementary Radiological Semeiology of a specific organic system which forms the basis of all Medical Radiodiagnostic procedure training, has an electronic, multimedia, interactive and self-executable format. These publications prove to be both economic and effective and offer an excellent quality of transmission of the fundamentals of those medical specialties based on Diagnostic Imaging.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

Tele-enseñanza a través de internet: la protección radiológica en ciencias de la salud = E-learning through internet: radiological protection in health sciences

[SPA] La obtención de un proyecto interdepartamental subvencionado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia español ha permitido crear materiales didácticos específicos de Protección Radiológica que se han publicado en varios manuales y cuadernos de actividades prácticas. Estas publicaciones han constituido la base del primer curso continuado sobre Protección Radiológica realizado a través de Internet en España (9 ediciones, durante los años 2000-2010). Durante el pregrado y el grado, la utilización de material didáctico digital apropiado determina el nivel de conocimientos que puede alcanzarse. La enseñanza multimedia y la tele-educación incrementan el interés de los alumnos en los temas más complicados y difíciles en Ciencias de la Salud. Posteriormente, cuando se abandona la Universidad y comienza la actividad profesional, la tele-enseñanza permite la formación continuada en las actualizaciones básicas sobre Protección Radiológica, permitiendo a todos los profesionales familiarizarse con medios y recursos que difícilmente podrán utilizar de forma personal y directa. Keywords: Radiología, tele-enseñanza, educación médica, protección radiológica, control de calidad. [ENG]The creation of an interdepartmental project subsidised by the Spanish Ministry of Education has made it possible to create teaching material for Radiological Protection, and led to the publication of several specific manuals and practical 758 notebook. This material constitutes the working basis for the first continuous e-learning training course in Spanish via Internet on this subject (9 editions during the years 2000-2010). The use of appropriate teaching materials during the training cycles determines the level of knowledge that can be reached. Interactive multimedia teaching and e-learning increase interest in subjects that were previously regarded their as boring and difficult health science students’. When the students have finished their university studies, e-learning systems can provide continued professional training that achieves the basic goals of Radiological Protection, allowing professionals to acquaint themselves with this type of content, which they would usually fond difficult to do themselves.[ENG] The creation of an interdepartmental project subsidised by the Spanish Ministry of Education has made it possible to create teaching material for Radiological Protection, and led to the publication of several specific manuals and practical 758 notebook. This material constitutes the working basis for the first continuous e-learning training course in Spanish via Internet on this subject (9 editions during the years 2000-2010). The use of appropriate teaching materials during the training cycles determines the level of knowledge that can be reached. Interactive multimedia teaching and e-learning increase interest in subjects that were previously regarded their as boring and difficult health science students’. When the students have finished their university studies, e-learning systems can provide continued professional training that achieves the basic goals of Radiological Protection, allowing professionals to acquaint themselves with this type of content, which they would usually fond difficult to do themselves.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

Respuesta ósea al implante del compuesto beta-fosfato tricálcico-colágeno (ß-ftc-c). Estudio «in vivo» en conejos

Se ha estudiado la correlación entre los hallazgos histológicos y las imágenes radiológicas de un compuesto de beta-fosfato tricálcico y colágeno (ß-FTC-C) después de su implantación en defectos óseos creados experimentalmente en 21 conejos de 4 Kg de peso medio. Bajo anestesia general los defectos óseos creados en ambos fémures se rellenaron con un cilindro de 4,5 x 6 mm del compuesto. Los animales fueron sacrificados a la semana y 1, 2, 4 y 12 meses del postoperatorio. Las muestras obtenidas fueron sometidas a estudio radiográfico e histológico. Microscópicamente se comprobó que el compuesto a lo largo del período de implantación sufrió un proceso de reabsorción progresiva mediado por células de estirpe macrofágica y que se correspondió con una disminución de la densidad radiológica y cambios en su morfología. A los doce meses del postoperatorio se observaron escasos restos del material, hecho que se corresponde con la desaparición del implante en la placa radiográfica.The correlation between histologic and radiological findings was studied after implantation of a composite (ß-FTC-C) into osseus defects which were experimentally induced in 21 rabbits. Under general anaesthetic osseus defects were made in both femurs and filled in with a 4,5 x 6 mm composite cylinder. The animals were killed at the first week and, one, two, four and twelve months after surgery. X-ray study and microscopic examination were made in all the specimens. Troughout the implantation period, it was microscopically proven that the composite showed a progressive reabsortion process, mediated by cells of macrophagus lineage. A decrease in radiologic density and changes in its morphology were also observed. At the end of the study (twelve months), limited traces of the material could be seen, in correlation with the images of the X-ray films which revealed the total absence of the composite implant

Changes in radiological protection and quality control in Spanish dental installations : 1996-2003

Introduction: The European Union has established specific directives concerning radiological protection which are obligatory for member States. In addition, all Spanish dental clinics with radiological equipment are required to have an annual quality control check. Objective: To analyze the effect of new European legislation on dental radiological practice in Spain and to determine whether it has resulted in lower doses being administered to patients. Material and Methods: A total of 10,171 official radiological quality control reports on Spanish dental clinics, covering 16 autonomous regions, were studied following the passing of Royal Decree 2071/1995 on quality criteria in radiodiagnostic installations. The reports, compiled by U.T.P.R Asigma S.A., a company authorised by the Nuclear Safety Council, cover the years 1996 to 2003, which has enabled us to monitor the evolution of radiological procedures in dental clinics over a seven year period. Results: According to the reports for 2003, 77.3 % of clinics complied with EU requirements, using equipment of 70 kVp, 8 mA, 1.5 mm Al filters, with a collimator length of 20 cm. However, non-compliance was detected in approximately a third (30.8%) of the equipment inspected: alterations in the kilovoltage used, exposure time, performance of the tubing, dosage, linearity/intensity of current and acoustic-luminous signal 6.86%. The mean skin dose reached 3.11 mGy for patients who received an x-ray of an upper molar, representing a decrease of 18% over the seven years studied. Conclusion: there has obviously been a general improvement in the parameters studied, but only 77.3% of the installations complied fully with official EU regulations concerning dental radiological protection

Toxicity of a dental adhesive compared with ionizing radiation and zoledronic acid

Background: To determine the toxicity of aqueous dilutions of a universal self-priming dental adhesive (DA) and comparing these with those elicited by exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), Zoledronic acid (Z) treatment and the synergic effects of the combined treatment with IR+Z. Material and Methods: The genotoxic effect of DA was determined by the increase in the frequency of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked in cultured human lymphocytes before and after exposure to 2Gy of X-rays. The cytotoxic effect was studied by using the MTT cell viability test in normal prostate cell lines (PNT2) after exposure to different X-ray doses (0Gy-20Gy). The cell lines divided into different groups and treated with different test substances: DA in presence of O 2 , DA in absence of O 2 , Z-treated and control. Results: An in vitro dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxic effect of DA, Z and IR on PNT2 cells ( p >0.001) was demonstrated. DA without-O 2 , following the recommendations of manufacturers, had a more pronounced effect of increasing cell death than DA with-O 2 ( p <0.001). In the genotoxicity assay, DA at 25% of its original concentration significantly increased chromosome damage ( p <0.001). The samples studied were found to be toxic, and the samples photo-polymerized in absence of O 2 showed a bigger cytotoxic effect comparable to the additive toxic effect showed by the combined treatment of IR+Z. Conclusions: Additional effort should be carried out to develop adhesives, which would reduce the release of hazardus substances; since toxic effects are similar to that reported by other agents whose clinical use is controlled by the health authorities

Vídeo educativo para enseñanza presencial y virtual: narrativas audiovisuales online tras COVID-19

Depto. de Teorías y Análisis de la ComunicaciónFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónFALSEsubmitte

Narrativas audiovisuales emergentes: creaciones didácticas multimedia realizadas por alumnos para enseñanza y aprendizaje en campus virtuales

Diseño, escritura y realización de contenidos videográficos y multimedia para la enseñanza virtual. El alumnado de Ciencias de la Información analiza, crea y difunde materiales narrativos creados para campus virtuales y cursos online innovadores

Radiorrespuesta de la glándula tiroides de conejo sometida a diferentes estímulos funcionales / Miguel Alcaraz Baños: dirigida por José Luis Genovés García.

Tesis - Universidad de Murcia.MEDICINA ESPINARDO. DEPOSITO. MU-Tesis 92.MEDICINA ESPINARDO. DEPOSITO. MU-Tesis 92 (bis)

Radiología del aparato digestivo: un CD-Rom interactivo para estudiantes de medicina. Póster

El objetivo de ese trabajo es la elaboración de un material multimedia que permita la aproximación del estudiante de Medicina a la semiología radiológica básica de aparato digestivo y que sea la base para que pueda aplicarla progresivamente cuando se estudie cada una de las patologías clínicas que puedan presentarla: todo ello, si es posible, de una forma amena y entretenida. Estas publicaciones resultan ser al mismo tiempo económicas y eficaces y ofrecen una excelente calidad de transmisión de los fundamentos de las especialidades médicas basadas en el Diagnóstico por Imagen.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci