Agent based approaches for smart charging strategy for electric vehicles

This paper presents an agent process simulation to control and monitor the Electric Vehicle charging process, using existing power distribution limitations and microgeneration capacity. The goal is to simulate the consumers’ energy consumption and their unexpected behavior, using past experience and taking into account distribution network and home power limitation to find an intelligent charging pattern. This paper proposes a novel approach for this problem based on an agent-based simulation platform where stochastic process is adopted to perform unexpected user behavior. This simulation tool can be used to determine the capability of the actual electrical distribution network for supply energy to the final consumers and for charge the bank of batteries of electrical vehicles, which can occur simultaneously.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Project MIT-PT/EDAM-SMS/0030/2008.MIT-Portugal Progra

College Students Attitudes & Responses Toward The Current Economy And Its Implications For Marketing Managers

Since the early months of 2009, the undeniable woes of the economy are being felt by many. With a record number of corporate closings, rising unemployment and the crises in the financial markets, this may prove to be a difficult year for many. This paper uses empirical evidence collected from Southeastern Louisiana University students to learn how the college community is responding to the current economy, their attitudes toward it, and their outlook toward the future. Furthermore, this paper explores how college students spending and lifestyles have been affected by the recession. The most important findings of the research indicate that college student spending has not been greatly impacted by the current economy, but there are trends in which marketers need to take note

Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of Hypericum perforatum alcoholic extracts

The antioxidant potentials of a total ethanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum (TE) and fractions were evaluated and correlated with their phenolic contents. The extracts were fully characterised by HPLC-DAD-MS-MS. Kaempferol 3-rutinoside and rutin-acetyl were identified for the first time in TE extracts. The free radical-scavenging properties of TE (EC50=21 [mu]g dwb/ml) and fractions were studied using DPPH. Fractions containing flavonoids and/or caffeoylquinic acids were found to be the main contributors to the free radical-scavenging activity of the TE. Lipid peroxidation, induced with ascorbate/Fe2+, was significantly reduced in the presence of the TE (EC50=26 [mu]g dwb/ml) and fractions containing flavonoids and/or caffeoylquinic acids. The fraction containing flavonoid aglycones was found to be responsible for a major part of the TE protection against lipid peroxidation. Hypericins and hyperforins made no significant contributions to the antioxidant properties of TE. Human consumption of H. perforatum extract or fractions could be beneficial.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6R-4CG2JK5-3/1/ae503f0537dcaaab2ede0770605a66c

Experimental analysis of the out-of-plane behaviour of a brick masonry wall: preliminary results

Past earthquakes demonstrated that local out-of-plane collapses of brick masonry walls, particularly façades, are common even under moderate loads and a correct interpretation and assessment of their out-of-plane response is still a complex challenge. The present paper aims at contributing to the better understanding of clay brick masonry walls behaviour, through experimental analysis in laboratory environment. An extensive testing programme is carried out in the facility of the University of Minho, encompassing the characterisation of the mechanical properties of the materials through destructive and non-destructive techniques and a quasi-static test with airbag on a clay brick masonry specimen with U-shaped plan. Here, we present and discuss the preliminary results of such a thorough investigation

Simulation of electrical distributed energy resources for electrical vehicles charging process strategy

This paper presents a simulation platform for control and monitor the Electric Vehicle charging process, based on existing power distribution limitations and Microgeneration capacity. The goal of this research is to simulate the energy consumption and their unexpected behavior, using past experience and taking into account distribution network and home power limitation to find an intelligent charging pattern. This paper proposes a novel approach for this problem based on a simulation platform where stochastic process is adopted to perform unexpected user behavior. This simulation platform can be used to determine the capability of the actual electrical distribution network for supplying energy to the final consumers and for charging the bank of batteries of electrical vehicles, which can occur simultaneously.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Project MIT-PT/EDAM-SMS/0030/2008MIT-Portugal Progra

Collaborative broker for distributed energy resources

In this work is proposed the design of a system to handle Distributed Energy Resources (DER) that is a new reality due to the Electric Vehicles (EV), Micro Generation (MG) and the open Electrical Markets (EM). This upcoming reality brings the need of the ‘old’ central energy control to be installed locally. For that we propose a local energy broker, responsible to handle local energy flow, exchange energy with ‘big’ market players and based on a collaborative approach, promote user’s participation to increase systems knowledge. The broker uses an Information Communication Technology (ICT) network in order to establish a collaborative communication between all the involved parts.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Smart electric vehicle charging system

In this work is proposed the design of a system to create and handle Electric Vehicles (EV) charging procedures, based on intelligent process. Due to the electrical power distribution network limitation and absence of smart meter devices, Electric Vehicles charging should be performed in a balanced way, taking into account past experience, weather information based on data mining, and simulation approaches. In order to allow information exchange and to help user mobility, it was also created a mobile application to assist the EV driver on these processes. This proposed Smart Electric Vehicle Charging System uses Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, in order to connect Electric Vehicles and also renewable energy sources to Smart Grids (SG). This system also explores the new paradigm of Electrical Markets (EM), with deregulation of electricity production and use, in order to obtain the best conditions for commercializing electrical energy.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

O Projeto +Pêssego - inovação e desenvolvimento na cultura do pessegueiro nas região da Beira Interior.

Comunicação da qual só está disponível o resumo.A região da Beira Interior é a principal região de produção de prunóideas [1], sendo o pessegueiro uma cultura com alguma tradição e com possibilidade de expansão pelas favoráveis condições edafo-climáticas e socioeconómicas existentes, pelo conhecimento técnico associado ao seu cultivo [2] e também pela procura dos seus frutos. O projeto +pêssego, financiado pelo Proder, pretende contribuir para a valorização global da fileira através da atuação a nível de diversas práticas culturais e valorização do seu produto – o pêssego. O projeto engloba sete ações distintas, nomeadamente: Manutenção do solo, Monda de flores, Monda de frutos, Gestão da rega, Fertilização racional, Caracterização da qualidade dos frutos, e Caracterização económica da fileira. O conjunto das diferentes ações abrange o acompanhamento de 12 Unidades de Observação (UO) instaladas em explorações de produtores da região (Figura 1), localizadas desde o concelho de Belmonte, a norte, até ao concelho de Castelo Branco, a sul, incluindo a área de produção de pêssego da região da Beira Interior. O projeto tem um valor global aproximado de 600.000€, em que a ESA-IPCB participa com um investimento elegível aprovado de 116.000€. O projeto foi concebido em 2012, tendo sido submetido em fevereiro de 2013, aprovado em junho de 2014 e com execução nos ciclos de 2015 e 2016.Na ação Manutenção do Solo pretende-se avaliar o efeito da utilização da manta de cobertura do solo Ecoblanket na produção frutícola, nos dois primeiros anos após instalação do pomar. Esta manta foi concebida e produzida pela empresa nacional Multifibras com base na utilização de desperdícios da indústria têxtil. Assim procedese à avaliação da utilização da manta no controlo das infestantes, no crescimento das plantas, no teor de água e no nível da população microbiana do solo e na possível ocorrência de pragas, nomeadamente roedores. Na ação Monda de Flores em pessegueiro pretende-se testar e avaliar a eficácia do equipamento portátil Saflower Electric ® para monda de flores e o seu impacto na produção e qualidade dos frutos. Estando a qualidade dos frutos muito dependente da carga de uma árvore, a monda de flores permite reduzir o número de frutos por planta favorecendo o calibre dos mesmos, parâmetro de qualidade que mais determina a sua valorização económica. A ação Monda de Frutos tem como objetivo conceber um equipamento portátil que permita a mecanização da operação de monda de frutos, contribuindo para a rentabilização da cultura. A ação Rega Deficitária Controlada visa a otimização da gestão da água de rega, contribuindo para fundamentar decisões, quer para situações de escassez de água de rega - situação muito comum a sul da serra da Gardunha - quer para situações de elevada disponibilidade de água, como é característico da área abrangida pelo projeto de regadio da Cova da Beira. A ação Fertilização Racional tem como objetivo contribuir para a determinação dos valores de referência a utilizar na avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas. Procura-se uma gestão de fertilizantes mais racional e respeitadora do ambiente sem condicionar a necessária rentabilidade da cultura, num cenário económico onde imperam baixos preços unitários pagos ao produtor. A ação Caracterização da qualidade dos frutos pretende fazer uma caracterização dos frutos das diferentes cultivares existentes na região de modo a fundamentar um plano de divulgação e um plano para a valorização da produção. O resultado desta ação é essencial não só para o desenvolvimento da campanha de divulgação, como também o desenvolvimento de novos produtos à base de pêssego. A ação Estudo Económico tem como objetivo avaliar o rendimento da cultura sobretudo na avaliação do preço pago ao produtor ao longo de toda a época de produção, mas também contribuir para a avaliação da mais-valia da atividade na região, construindo uma base de planeamento e defesa da fileira. 1.INE.Estatísticas Agrícolas 2014. 2015, www.ine.pt (27-08-2015). 2. Simões, M.P. 2008. A fertilização azotada em pessegueiros: influência no estado de nutrição, produção e susceptibilidade a Phomopsis amygdali. Tese de doutoramento. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa – Instituto Superior de Agronomia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparative expression profiling in grape (Vitis vinifera) berries derived from frequency analysis of ESTs and MPSS signatures

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Vitis vinifera </it>(<it>V. vinifera</it>) is the primary grape species cultivated for wine production, with an industry valued annually in the billions of dollars worldwide. In order to sustain and increase grape production, it is necessary to understand the genetic makeup of grape species. Here we performed mRNA profiling using Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS) and combined it with available Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) data. These tag-based technologies, which do not require <it>a priori </it>knowledge of genomic sequence, are well-suited for transcriptional profiling. The sequence depth of MPSS allowed us to capture and quantify almost all the transcripts at a specific stage in the development of the grape berry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The number and relative abundance of transcripts from stage II grape berries was defined using Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS). A total of 2,635,293 17-base and 2,259,286 20-base signatures were obtained, representing at least 30,737 and 26,878 distinct sequences. The average normalized abundance per signature was ~49 TPM (Transcripts Per Million). Comparisons of the MPSS signatures with available <it>Vitis </it>species' ESTs and a unigene set demonstrated that 6,430 distinct contigs and 2,190 singletons have a perfect match to at least one MPSS signature. Among the matched sequences, ESTs were identified from tissues other than berries or from berries at different developmental stages. Additional MPSS signatures not matching to known grape ESTs can extend our knowledge of the <it>V. vinifera </it>transcriptome, particularly when these data are used to assist in annotation of whole genome sequences from <it>Vitis vinifera</it>.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The MPSS data presented here not only achieved a higher level of saturation than previous EST based analyses, but in doing so, expand the known set of transcripts of grape berries during the unique stage in development that immediately precedes the onset of ripening. The MPSS dataset also revealed evidence of antisense expression not previously reported in grapes but comparable to that reported in other plant species. Finally, we developed a novel web-based, public resource for utilization of the grape MPSS data <abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr></abbrgrp>.</p