Ractopamine hydrochloride on performance and carcass traits of confined Nellores cattle Cloridrato de ractopamina sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça de bovinos nelores confinados João Luis Kill I Ismail Ramalho Haddade III Iron Cardoso dos Sa

ABSTRACT The effect of four levels of inclusion (0; 450; 900 and 1,350

Performance and morfhometric characteristics of Santa Inês sheep and Texel x Santa Inês lambs on pasture

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of the morphometric sheep of the Santa Inês breed, recently-Paris, with their respective Lamb Texel x Santa Inês, a paste, in creep feeding system. For this purpose, 30 Sheeps and theirs and the respective lamb were used for natural breastfeeding for 60 days until weaning. The randomized blocks used, with two Treatments (absence of the presence of the private feeder), with 10 repetitions, being shadow sheep by repetition municipality or relative lamb. In Studies on the termination of two Cordeiro, the bone of heavy animals was measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiments (25 days), using the 30-Cordeiro weaned. The randomized blocks, used with three Treatments (0.400 of 800 g of concentrate / lamb / DIA). There was no difference in weight between the sheep outside of Cordeiro (supplemented or not). There were no two treatments effect on the morphometric characteristics among the sheep outside between the Lamb bone. The use of creep feeding did not provide greater weight gain in recovery to give weight to give infant sheep, nor did it provide greater weight gain, we Lamb supplemented in relation to this not supplemented during breastfeeding, but the supplementary feed 400g / animal / day in the finishing phase it shows better results for I gained two lambs of weight.Brazilian sheep farming has been gaining prominence with the increase in meat production, seeking more efficiency and profitability. Thus, the creation of the Santa Inês breed has stood out, as it is highly adaptable to different types of environments and has potential for meat production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of the morphometric sheep of the Santa Inês breed, recently-Paris, with their respective lamb Texel x Santa Inês, a paste, in creep feeding system. For this purpose, 30 Sheeps and theirs and the respective lamb were used for natural breastfeeding for 60 days until weaning. The randomized blocks used, with two treatments (absence of the presence of the private feeder), with 10 repetitions, being shadow sheep by repetition municipality or relative lamb. In studies on the termination of two lambs, the bone of heavy animals was measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiments (25 days), using the 30-lambs weaned. The randomized blocks, used with three treatments (0, 400 and 800 g of concentrate/lamb/day). There was no difference in weight between the sheep outside of lamb (supplemented or not). There were no two treatments effect on the morphometric characteristics among the sheep outside between the lamb bone. The use of creep feeding to supplement lambs kept on natural lactation does not provide weight gain in sheep, nor does it provide weight gain in supplemented lambs. Lamb supplementation does not influence the morphometric characteristics of ewes and lambs during lactation. Private supplementation during breastfeeding does not increase lambs’ weight gain until weaning, but food supplementation, via creep feeding with 400 g/animal/day, in the finishing phase presents the best results for weight gain

Inclusion items and financial risk assessment in systems with grazing sheep under the concentrated supplementation

xxxThe aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and financial risk in two production systems of beef sheep, in grazing, with and without the use of concentrate, in Santa Teresa County - Espírito Santo State, Brazil. A cash flow spreadsheet was prepared. Through the sensitivity analysis it was shown that greater attention should be directed to the sale of finished animals and their acquisition. These, in descending order of relevance, followed by labor, in the system with no concentrate, and concentrated supplementation, in the system where it was present. Then, the Monte Carlo simulation was performed. Probabilities of 37.9 and 33.3% that the systems without and with the concentrate, respectively, were financially unfeasible were observed. Considering the alternative remuneration of 6%, there is a considerable risk for both options, perhaps because the proposed scenarios consider the need to implement all the infrastructure for the activity, in addition to the reduced size of the production module. The strategic use of concentrated supplement as a complement to pasture presents itself as an alternative that can reduce financial risk and increase income in intensive systems of production of beef sheep in grazing. The labor efficiency is an item that affects the financial efficiency of beef sheep production systems on pasture, especially in situations of weight gain of animals without the use of concentrated supplementation. The reduction of financial risk with the use of concentrated supplementation. Intensive grazing sheep production systems can be financially advantageous and the strategic use of concentrate can result in increased income and reduced financial risk associated with this type of production

Produção de matéria seca, composição química e radicular de leguminosas forrageiras tropicais semeadas por fezes bovinas

Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e radicular e composição bromatológica de três leguminosas forrageiras tropicais (Clitorea ternatea, Macrotyloma axillare e Neonotonia wightii) que após terem suas sementes passadas pelo trato digestório de bovinos, germinaram e se desenvolveram em placas fecais bovinas. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema fatorial 3 (espécies) x 3 (intervalos de dispersão: entre 12 e 18; entre 18 e 24, entre 24 e 30 h), com quatro repetições. Foram oferecidos 50 g de sementes misturadas a 150 g de suplemento mineral para bovinos (5 animais) por repetição. As fezes bovinas foram coletadas e alocadas em vasos, onde permaneceram por 120 dias. Ao fim deste período, as plantas presentes nas fezes foram contadas e cortadas e foram realizadas analises para determinação da produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e radicular, teor de proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA). As plantas desenvolvidas nas fezes foram capazes de produzir 2,54 g de MS por planta. A espécie soja perene apresentou a maior produção de matéria seca da parte aérea (2,81 g/planta) e radicular (2,05 g/planta). Os teores de PB, FDN e FDA não sofreram alterações dentro dos períodos de dispersão em que as sementes foram cultivadas

Produção de leite e desempenho dos bezerros de vacas Nelore e mestiças

O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as curvas de lactação de vacas Nelore e mestiças F1 Limousin-Nelore (LN) e Simental-Nelore (SN) e o desempenho de suas progênies. Foram utilizadas 13 vacas de cada grupo genético, com 5 a 9 anos de idade, e as suas respectivas crias. A partir do 15º dia após o parto até a desmama dos bezerros (210 dias), as vacas foram mantidas com suas crias em baias individuais. No arraçoamento procurou-se atender 100% das exigências de mantença e lactação das vacas; a mesma ração foi fornecida aos bezerros a partir dos 90 dias de idade visando atender no máximo 30% de suas exigências nutricionais. A ração foi formulada com 30% de concentrado e 70% de silagem, na MS. A produção de leite das vacas foi determinada mensalmente pelo método da diferença de peso dos bezerros. Por meio de um modelo não-linear, estimaram-se o tempo necessário para as vacas atingirem o pico de lactação, a produção no pico, a persistência de produção de leite e as produções total e média diária. As vacas Nelore tiveram, em comparação às mestiças, menores produções no pico de lactação, total e média diária, mas apresentaram maior persistência de lactação. As produções no pico de lactação, total e média diária, nas vacas SN foram maiores que nas vacas LN, no entanto, não houve diferença entre esses grupos quanto à persistência de lactação. Os bezerros das vacas Nelore apresentaram menores ao nascer e à desmama e ganharam menos peso no período de aleitamento em comparação aos de vacas mestiças, que não diferiram entre si. Vacas mestiças têm maior habilidade materna que vacas Nelore

Ractopamine hydrochloride on performance and carcass traits of confined Nellores cattle

The effect of four levels of inclusion (0; 450; 900 and 1,350g T-1) of Ractopamine hydrochloride was assessed concerning weight gain, feed conversion, dry matter intake, carcass traits and quality of castrated male cattle meat in confinement. Forty Nellore steers were used, with an average age of 26 months and initial average weight of 423.4±2.7kg, in a randomized block experimental design with four treatments and ten replications. The diet was fixed with the ratio of forage to concentrate dry matter of 75.3:24.7. A Linear positive effect observed was the inclusion of Ractopamine on daily weight gain and linear negative effect on feed conversion, highlighting the improvements with the increasing inclusion of Ractopamine hydrochloride. In relation to carcass traits, the linear effect was negative for fat thickness and no differences were found regarding the hot carcass weight ; carcass yield; area, width and depth of rib eye area of the Longissimus dorsi muscle, and noble courts. In relation to dry matter intake, the comparison of the treatments demonstrated that Ractopamine didn't influence negatively, which highlights its positive effect on the animal performance. The use of Ractopamine improves performance and decreases de amount of superficial fat in male nellore carcass in confinement