iCELLigence real-time cell analysis system for examining the cytotoxicity of drugs to cancer cell lines.

The recently developed iCELLigence (TM) real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) can be used for the label-free real-time monitoring of cancer cell proliferation, viability, invasion and cytotoxicity. The RTCA system uses 16-well microtiter plates with a gold microelectrode biosensor array that measures impedance when cells adhere to the microelectrodes causing an alternating current. By measuring the electric field generated in this process, the RTCA system can be used for the analysis of cell proliferation, viability, morphology and migration. The present review aimed to summarize the working method of the RTCA system, in addition to discussing the research performed using the system for various applications, including cancer drug discovery via measuring cytotoxicity

The effect of hormone receptor status on surgical margin in patients undergoing breast conserving surgery

AIM: Our aim is to identify the subgroups of women undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS) who are at high risk for positive surgical margins and who require a re-excision procedure and understand the characteristics of tumor and hormone receptors that will allow surgeons to remove larger margins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-nine patients with invasive carcinoma in breast who underwent BCS were included in the study. Women with a positive surgical margin (n = 61) required re-excision procedure. RESULTS: Patients with high grade breast cancer, negative hormone receptor status, high Ki-67 status, upper outer quadrant tumor, and associated ductal carcinoma were more likely to undergo tumor removal and re-excision. CONCLUSION: The pathological and clinical predictors described above that meet these criteria require the removal of larger margins for safety in order to minimize the rate of positive surgical margins. ONLY COHIBI

Determination of modifications in rat liver due to phthalate uptake by SAM, RS, and ICP-OES

The use of phthalates as plasticizers has been omnipresent, especially in cosmetics and food packaging, despite the proven effects on some organs of humans and animals. Therefore, alterations in living organisms due to phthalate exposure attract the attention of many scientists. Here, we demonstrate a mechanical and chemical investigation of the mentioned effects of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on rat liver by utilizing scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), Raman spectroscopy (RS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the first time in the literature, as far as we know. The combined analysis gives insights into the degree of modification in the tissue components and which chemicals lead to these modifications. Our study shows that the acoustic impedance values of tissues of DEHP and DBP delivered mother rats are higher than those of tissues of the control mother rat, while the acoustic impedance values of tissues of offspring rats of DEHP and DBP delivered mother rats do not differ significantly from those of tissues of the control offspring rats of the control mother rat. Besides, RS analysis shows how the incorporation of DEHP into liver tissues changes the configuration and conformation of lipids and fatty acids. ICP-OES results show increased element levels within the tissues of DEHP and DBP delivered rats. Therefore, we can say that phthalates cause modifications within the liver. This study is a preliminary effort to investigate tissues with a mechano-chemical probe