Patterns of Ear, Nose and Throat Injuries in Ido Ekiti, Nigeria

Background/aim: Ear, nose and throat (ENT) injuries are a problem in children and adults worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns, etiological factors, management and outcomes of ear, nose and throat injuries in Ido Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods: This was a prospective study of consecutive patients with Ear, Nose and Throat injuries that presented through accident and emergency (A&E) unit and were managed at our Centre between June 2011 and May 2013 (24 months period). Data collected included patients’ demography; type and pattern of injuries sustained, clinical presentation, causes as well as outcome of treatment. Injuries recorded were classified based on their mechanisms into RTA, falls, assault, gunshot and burns related. Results: Out of 473 patients seen in Accident and Emergency that had trauma during the study period, a total of 116 patients had ear, nose and throat related injury. Out of these about 94 patients (81.0%) were males and 22 (19.0%) were females giving a male: female ratio of 4.3:1. Their age ranged was from 2-71 years with a mean of 35.89 ± 17.24 SD years. The highest number of injuries occurred within the age group of 21-40 years accounting for 53.4%. Traders/Business accounted for 31.0% of the injured patients. The commonest cause of injury was road traffic accident in 84 (72.4%). Majority (59.5%), of the patients presents in the accident and emergency unit within 6 h of injury. Nasal injuries were the commonest in 53.6% patients. Traumatic epistaxis was the highest presentation in nasal injury whereas Bruises, abrasions, lacerations and cuts were major injuries to the ear. Wound debridement/suturing and dressings were the commonest treatment offered in 69.8% of the patients. No mortality related to ENT injuries was recorded. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) remain the leading cause of ear, nose and throat injuries in our center. Nasal injuries were the commonest. Majority of these injuries can be prevented through health education, public enlightenment campaigns. Early presentation is recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality

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BackgroundThere is increasing evidence suggesting that adolescents are contributing to the populations at risk of malaria. This study determined the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents and examined the associated determinants considering socio-demographic, Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) usage, and hematological factors in rural Southwestern Nigeria.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2021 and September 2022 among 180 adolescents who were recruited at a tertiary health facility in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaire sought information on their socio-demographics and usage of LLINs. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection, ABO blood grouping, hemoglobin genotype, and packed cell volume. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p-value ResultsThe prevalence of malaria infection was 71.1% (95% CI: 68.2%-73.8%). Lack of formal education (AOR = 2.094; 95% CI: 1.288–3.403), being a rural residence (AOR = 4.821; 95% CI: 2.805–8.287), not using LLINs (AOR = 1.950; 95% CI: 1.525–2.505), genotype AA (AOR = 3.420; 95% CI: 1.003–11.657), genotype AS (AOR = 3.574; 95%CI: 1.040–12.277), rhesus positive (AOR = 1.815; 95% CI:1.121–2.939), and severe anemia (AOR = 1.533; 95% CI: 1.273–1.846) were significantly associated with malaria infection.ConclusionThe study revealed the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents in rural Southwestern Nigeria. There may be need to pay greater attention to adolescent populations for malaria intervention and control programs.</div

Crude and adjusted odd ratios for the factors significantly associated with malaria parasitaemia (N = 180).

Crude and adjusted odd ratios for the factors significantly associated with malaria parasitaemia (N = 180).</p

Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents.

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence suggesting that adolescents are contributing to the populations at risk of malaria. This study determined the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents and examined the associated determinants considering socio-demographic, Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) usage, and hematological factors in rural Southwestern Nigeria.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2021 and September 2022 among 180 adolescents who were recruited at a tertiary health facility in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaire sought information on their socio-demographics and usage of LLINs. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection, ABO blood grouping, hemoglobin genotype, and packed cell volume. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p-value ResultsThe prevalence of malaria infection was 71.1% (95% CI: 68.2%-73.8%). Lack of formal education (AOR = 2.094; 95% CI: 1.288–3.403), being a rural residence (AOR = 4.821; 95% CI: 2.805–8.287), not using LLINs (AOR = 1.950; 95% CI: 1.525–2.505), genotype AA (AOR = 3.420; 95% CI: 1.003–11.657), genotype AS (AOR = 3.574; 95%CI: 1.040–12.277), rhesus positive (AOR = 1.815; 95% CI:1.121–2.939), and severe anemia (AOR = 1.533; 95% CI: 1.273–1.846) were significantly associated with malaria infection.ConclusionThe study revealed the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents in rural Southwestern Nigeria. There may be need to pay greater attention to adolescent populations for malaria intervention and control programs.</div

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BackgroundThere is increasing evidence suggesting that adolescents are contributing to the populations at risk of malaria. This study determined the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents and examined the associated determinants considering socio-demographic, Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) usage, and hematological factors in rural Southwestern Nigeria.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2021 and September 2022 among 180 adolescents who were recruited at a tertiary health facility in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaire sought information on their socio-demographics and usage of LLINs. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection, ABO blood grouping, hemoglobin genotype, and packed cell volume. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p-value ResultsThe prevalence of malaria infection was 71.1% (95% CI: 68.2%-73.8%). Lack of formal education (AOR = 2.094; 95% CI: 1.288–3.403), being a rural residence (AOR = 4.821; 95% CI: 2.805–8.287), not using LLINs (AOR = 1.950; 95% CI: 1.525–2.505), genotype AA (AOR = 3.420; 95% CI: 1.003–11.657), genotype AS (AOR = 3.574; 95%CI: 1.040–12.277), rhesus positive (AOR = 1.815; 95% CI:1.121–2.939), and severe anemia (AOR = 1.533; 95% CI: 1.273–1.846) were significantly associated with malaria infection.ConclusionThe study revealed the prevalence of malaria infection among the adolescents in rural Southwestern Nigeria. There may be need to pay greater attention to adolescent populations for malaria intervention and control programs.</div

Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among the respondents.

Prevalence of malaria parasitaemia among the respondents.</p