Paediatric maxillary antrolith: A case report

Objective: To report a case of maxillary antrolith in a paediatric patient. Method: Here we present a case report of a maxillary antrolith in a 15-year-old male and a review of literature regarding unilateral opaque paranasal sinus lesions including maxillary antroliths. Results: A 15-year-old male presented with a 5-month history of left sided facial swelling, nasal obstruction and anosmia. He was managed as a chronic sinusitis with topical decongestant and steroids to little effect. MRI demonstrated an enlarged right maxillary sinus and a T2 enhancing 12 × 12mm calcified lesion in the left maxillary sinus with sinusitic change. Conclusion: Maxillary antroliths are often incidental findings on imaging but can present as chronic sinusitis. This case highlights a rare differential of unilateral radiopaque paranasal sinus lesions in the paediatric population

Learning from Anaesthetists: A Technique for Safe and Effective Facial Nerve Monitoring

To develop a technique to reliably secure facial nerve monitoring electrodes, NeurosignTM facial nerve monitor electrodes were attached as per the manufacturer’s instructions. The electrodes were secured with ½ inch steristripsTM before connecting leads were brought to the contralateral side of the face and a single torque loop was created and secured with either more Steri-StripsTM, Micropore tapeTM, or a TegedermTM. By creating a single torque loop, a buffer between the electrode and its anchor point to the contralateral face was formed. This allowed for the secure attachment of leads from the electrodes by removing tension, thereby reducing the likelihood of displacement. We have used this technique successfully for the last three years in over 50 parotid procedures and 50 middle ear explorations. Facial nerve monitoring is an important surgical tool used in otology and head and neck surgery. Using torque loops when preparing a patient for surgery prevents the dislodgement of electrodes during operation, thereby ensuring the safety of the patient in a sometimes perilous environment

Association of the M1V PRKAR1A Mutation with Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease in Two Large Families

Background: Carney complex (CNC) is a familial multiple neoplasia syndrome frequently associated with primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), a bilateral form of micronodular adrenal hyperplasia that leads to Cushing’s syndrome (CS). Germline PRKAR1A mutations cause CNC and only rarely isolated PPNAD