377 research outputs found
Environmental Pollution and Sustainable Development in Developing Countries
Environmental Pollution is cost of economic growth via
increased industrialisation, urbanisation, mechanisation, use of
fertiliser and pesticides in agriculture and mismanagement to dump human
waste, especially in developing countries, where environmental laws
usually are relatively less strict. Hence growth and pollution are
positively linked in developing countries expectedly. Sustainable
development may be defined as continuous increase in the socio-economic
standard of living of a country‘s population, normally accomplished by
improving the quality of its physical and human capital. The research‘s
foremost objective is the generation of environmental pollution index
that incorporate various production and consumption side indicators that
are majorly responsible for pollution. While, the at-most objective of
the study is to examine the causal relationship between the generated
pollution index and human development through a panelcausality analysis
using a panel of 32developing countries over the period 2000-2013. JEL
Classification:Q2, Q3, Q4, O13 Keywords:Pollution Indices, HDI,
Renewable Energy, Panel Causality, Sustainable Developmen
Causation between Consumption, Export, Import, and Economic Growth of Oman
To examine the causation between consumption, export, import, and economic growth for the Sultanate of Oman using yearly time series data collected from the World Bank for 2000-2018. Further, it was tested by basic statistics, the Bound test with the ARDL model, and the Granger-causality tests. The findings of the Bound test analysis indicate the presence of both long-run and short-run associations among competing variables. The ARDL Model result reflects that imports have both short-run and long-run effects, supported by the Granger Causality tests by indicating the presence of unidirectional causality import to economic growth and import to consumption. The outcome of the study revealed that import is essential for economic growth as imports can absorb foreign technology in the domestic economy that can boost the export and further act as an engine of growth. How to Cite:Khan, U., Khan, A. M., Alam, M. D., & Alkatheery,N. (2022). Causation Between Consumption, Export, Import & Economic Growth of Oman. Etikonomi, 21(1), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.20034
BANKING AND TELECOMMUNICATION INFLUENCING MIGRATION IN MAJOR CITIES OF PAKISTAN
The paper is designed to present the descriptive as well as, the empirical analysis for investigating links between the growing investments and flow of migration towards major cities of Pakistan. Specifically, study explores the link of foreign investment in banking, telecommunication and migration. The descriptive analysis is confined to a single year (2013) while empirical analysis is spread over a time span from 2005 to 2013. The descriptive results show that more migration inflow is experienced by cities with greater Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) index values. The empirical results are in line with strands of theory and expectations of the study with all variables bearing correct signs. The core variables Foreign Banks’ Branches (FB) and Foreign Telecommunication Franchises (FTF), proxies for FDI inflow are highly significant, strengthening the hypothesis that FDI and migration are complement to each other
Roles of green intellectual capital facets on environmental sustainability in Oman
The present study determines the impacts of different types of
green intellectual capital such as green human capital, green
structural capital, and green relational capital on environmental
sustainability in the Sultanate of Oman. It has become a crucial
aspect to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on ecological
sustainability. A simple random sample technique is used
to assemble data using a structured questionnaire from 205
respondents working at Raysut Cement Company and Salalah
Methanol Company in Oman. The covariance-based equation in
the structural modeling perspective is used to examine data. The
study’s results reveal that green structure-based capital is the
only dimension of green Intellectual capital that significantly
affects environmental sustainability. In contrast, green human capital
and relation-based capital do not substantially affect ecological
sustainability. Conclusively, this study also provides
ecological strategies that can be useful to enrich organizations to
accomplish sustainability
Wolbachia association with the tsetse fly, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, reveals high levels of genetic diversity and complex evolutionary dynamics
BACKGROUND: Wolbachia pipientis, a diverse group of α-proteobacteria, can alter arthropod host reproduction and confer a reproductive advantage to Wolbachia-infected females (cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI)). This advantage can alter host population genetics because Wolbachia-infected females produce more offspring with their own mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes than uninfected females. Thus, these host haplotypes become common or fixed (selective sweep). Although simulations suggest that for a CI-mediated sweep to occur, there must be a transient phase with repeated initial infections of multiple individual hosts by different Wolbachia strains, this has not been observed empirically. Wolbachia has been found in the tsetse fly, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, but it is not limited to a single host haplotype, suggesting that CI did not impact its population structure. However, host population genetic differentiation could have been generated if multiple Wolbachia strains interacted in some populations. Here, we investigated Wolbachia genetic variation in G. f. fuscipes populations of known host genetic composition in Uganda. We tested for the presence of multiple Wolbachia strains using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) and for an association between geographic region and host mtDNA haplotype using Wolbachia DNA sequence from a variable locus, groEL (heat shock protein 60).
RESULTS: MLST demonstrated that some G. f. fuscipes carry Wolbachia strains from two lineages. GroEL revealed high levels of sequence diversity within and between individuals (Haplotype diversity = 0.945). We found Wolbachia associated with 26 host mtDNA haplotypes, an unprecedented result. We observed a geographical association of one Wolbachia lineage with southern host mtDNA haplotypes, but it was non-significant (p = 0.16). Though most Wolbachia-infected host haplotypes were those found in the contact region between host mtDNA groups, this association was non-significant (p = 0.17).
CONCLUSIONS: High Wolbachia sequence diversity and the association of Wolbachia with multiple host haplotypes suggest that different Wolbachia strains infected G. f. fuscipes multiple times independently. We suggest that these observations reflect a transient phase in Wolbachia evolution that is influenced by the long gestation and low reproductive output of tsetse. Although G. f. fuscipes is superinfected with Wolbachia, our data does not support that bidirectional CI has influenced host genetic diversity in Uganda
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