The effects of omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of mental health and gene expression related to insulin and inflammation in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of mental health and gene expression related to insulin and inflammation in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Forty PCOS women were allocated into two groups and treated with 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 IU vitamin E supplements (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) per day for 12 weeks. Parameters of mental health were recorded at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. Gene expression related to insulin and inflammation were measured in blood samples of PCOS women. Results After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation led to significant improvements in beck depression inventory total score (− 2.2 ± 2.0 vs. − 0.2 ± 1.3, P = 0.001), general health questionnaire scores (− 5.5 ± 4.6 vs. − 1.0 ± 2.3, P < 0.001) and depression anxiety and stress scale scores (− 7.2 ± 5.2 vs. − 1.3 ± 1.3, P < 0.001). Compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation could up-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression (P = 0.04) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of PCOS women. In addition, compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation down-regulated interleukin-8 (IL-8) (P = 0.003) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression (P = 0.001) in PBMC of PCOS women. There were no significant difference between-group changes in glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), IL-6 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in PBMC of PCOS women. Conclusion Omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation was effective in improving parameters of mental health, and gene expression of PPAR-γ, IL-8 and TNF-α of women with PCOS. Keywords Supplementation Mental health Gene expression Insulin Inflammation Polycystic ovary syndrom

The effect of dietary soy intake on weight loss, glycaemic control, lipid profiles and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised clinical trial

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary soy intake on weight loss and metabolic status of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted among 60 women with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either a test diet (n = 30) or a control diet (n = 30) for 8 weeks. Participants in the test group consumed a diet containing 0.8 g protein kg�1 body weight (35 animal proteins, 35 soy protein and 30 vegetable proteins) and participants in the control group consumed a similar diet containing 70 animal proteins and 30 vegetable proteins. Results: Adherence to the test diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in significant decreases mean (SD) in body mass index (BMI) �0.3 (0.6) versus +0.1 (0.5) kg m�2, P = 0.02, fasting plasma glucose �0.2 (0.5) versus +0.1 (0.3) mmol L�1, P = 0.01, total testosterone �0.3 (0.7) versus +0.3 (0.3) mmol L�1, P &lt; 0.001, insulin �15.0 (18.0) versus +4.8 (18.6) pmol L�1, P &lt; 0.001 and insulin resistance �0.6 (0.6) versus +0.2 (0.7), P &lt; 0.001, as well as a significant increase in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index +0.01 (0.01) versus �0.002 (0.02), P = 0.01. In addition, significant decreases in triglycerides �0.1 (0.4) versus +0.2 (0.3) mmol L�1, P = 0.01 and malondialdehyde (MDA) �1.2 (1.0) versus +0.2 (1.2) μmol L�1, P &lt; 0.001 and significant increases in nitric oxide (NO) +13.6 (14.1) versus +0.9 (24.3) μmol L�1, P = 0.01 and glutathione (GSH) +170.1 (175.5) versus +24.2 (168.7) μmol L�1, P = 0.002 were seen in the test group compared to the control. Conclusions: Adherence to test diet among subjects with PCOS significantly decreased BMI, glycaemic control, total testosterone, triglycerides and MDA, and significantly increased NO and GSH compared to the control diet. © 2018 The British Dietetic Association Ltd

The effect of dietary soy intake on weight loss, glycaemic control, lipid profiles and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised clinical trial

Abstract Background The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary soy intake on weight loss and metabolic status of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A randomised clinical trial was conducted among 60 women with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either a test diet (n = 30) or a control diet (n = 30) for 8 weeks. Participants in the test group consumed a diet containing 0.8 g protein kg–1 body weight (35% animal proteins, 35% soy protein and 30% vegetable proteins) and participants in the control group consumed a similar diet containing 70% animal proteins and 30% vegetable proteins. Results Adherence to the test diet, compared with the control diet, resulted in significant decreases [mean (SD)] in body mass index (BMI) [−0.3 (0.6) versus +0.1 (0.5) kg m–2, P = 0.02], fasting plasma glucose [−0.2 (0.5) versus +0.1 (0.3) mmol L−1, P = 0.01], total testosterone [−0.3 (0.7) versus +0.3 (0.3) mmol L−1, P < 0.001], insulin [−15.0 (18.0) versus +4.8 (18.6) pmol L−1, P < 0.001] and insulin resistance [−0.6 (0.6) versus +0.2 (0.7), P < 0.001], as well as a significant increase in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index [+0.01 (0.01) versus −0.002 (0.02), P = 0.01]. In addition, significant decreases in triglycerides [−0.1 (0.4) versus +0.2 (0.3) mmol L−1, P = 0.01] and malondialdehyde (MDA) [−1.2 (1.0) versus +0.2 (1.2) μmol L−1, P < 0.001] and significant increases in nitric oxide (NO) [+13.6 (14.1) versus +0.9 (24.3) μmol L−1, P = 0.01] and glutathione (GSH) [+170.1 (175.5) versus +24.2 (168.7) μmol L−1, P = 0.002] were seen in the test group compared to the control. Conclusions Adherence to test diet among subjects with PCOS significantly decreased BMI, glycaemic control, total testosterone, triglycerides and MDA, and significantly increased NO and GSH compared to the control diet. Keywords soy diet weight loss metabolic status polycystic ovary syndrom

The effects of omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of mental health and gene expression related to insulin and inflammation in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of mental health and gene expression related to insulin and inflammation in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Forty PCOS women were allocated into two groups and treated with 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 IU vitamin E supplements (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) per day for 12 weeks. Parameters of mental health were recorded at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. Gene expression related to insulin and inflammation were measured in blood samples of PCOS women. Results After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation led to significant improvements in beck depression inventory total score (� 2.2 ± 2.0 vs. � 0.2 ± 1.3, P = 0.001), general health questionnaire scores (� 5.5 ± 4.6 vs. � 1.0 ± 2.3, P < 0.001) and depression anxiety and stress scale scores (� 7.2 ± 5.2 vs. � 1.3 ± 1.3, P < 0.001). Compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation could up-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression (P = 0.04) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of PCOS women. In addition, compared with the placebo, omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation down-regulated interleukin-8 (IL-8) (P = 0.003) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression (P = 0.001) in PBMC of PCOS women. There were no significant difference between-group changes in glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), IL-6 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in PBMC of PCOS women. Conclusion Omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation was effective in improving parameters of mental health, and gene expression of PPAR-γ IL-8 and TNF-α of women with PCOS. © 2017 Elsevier B.V