Assessing the Role of Foreign Labour on Saudi Labour Unemployment in Saudi Arabia

Saudi labour unemployment is a very serious issue in Saudi Arabia which is further increasing with over dependence on foreign labour. This study empirically investigates this issue by employing ARDL cointegration technique on a sample period of 1980-2015. Our estimates suggest that foreign labour, wage rate and female participation are responsible for an increasing Saudi labour unemployment. On the other hand, number of graduates and government social security benefits are helping in combating Saudi labour unemployment. Therefore, our study recommends the Saudi government to control foreign labour inflows up to some reasonable limit, to rationalize the minimum wage rate and to increase spending on education and social security benefits. Social Security Benefits; Cointegratio

Green Human Resource Management, Financial Markets and Pollution Nexus in Saudi Arabia

Financial markets play an important role in accelerating the economic activities in any country but it may also harm environment if financial funds are invested in the project which are environment friendly. Further, Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) may help in reducing Co2 emissions.  This paper examines the influences of Financial Market Development (FMD) and GHRM on the pollution of Saudi Arabia. We explore this by using cointegration on time-series of 1971-2016. Results of this study corroborate that FMD and Economic Growth (EG) are positively contributing in CO2 emissions and GHRM is helping in reducing. We recommend the financial sector to provide concessional loans to the projects which are using clean energy technology and GHRM needs attention to support clean environment. Keywords: Financial Market Development; Co2 Emissions; Economic Growth  JEL Classifications: D53; Q53; O4

A conceptual examination about the correlates of psychological capital (PsyCap) among the Saudi Arabian workforce

Psychological capital (PsyCap), which is considered a higher-order construct, is composed of hope, efficacy, optimism, and resilience. The importance of PsyCap stems from the fact that it has the propensity to motivate individuals in their accomplishment of organizational tasks and goals. The concept is related to many behavioral concepts including: subjective well-being, social capital, employee engagement, and emotional intelligence. The majority of the research literature on PsyCap has originated from the West, and limited literature exists about its antecedents and consequences among the Saudi population. Studies undertaken in Saudi Arabia must take into account unique cultural aspects. The present work attempts to identify the contribution that could emerge from the relationship of PsyCap, with constructs like subjective well-being, social capital, and employee engagement, considered through the prism of culture. It also recognizes the influence of, and upon, the external environment. Going beyond the replication of earlier studies, the present work considers the constructs to have a yin-yang relationship. The study presented a model of comprehensive framework emerging from the relevant literature to bring out the complex connections between PsyCap and other constructs. It also emphasized the importance of culture on the identified constructs, and its implication on contribution and performance. The proposed framework needs to be further tested by academics, researchers, and practitioners to confirm its practical implications in industry

A Conceptual Examination about the Correlates of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) among the Saudi Arabian Workforce

Psychological capital (PsyCap), which is considered a higher-order construct, is composed of hope, efficacy, optimism, and resilience. The importance of PsyCap stems from the fact that it has the propensity to motivate individuals in their accomplishment of organizational tasks and goals. The concept is related to many behavioral concepts including: subjective well-being, social capital, employee engagement, and emotional intelligence. The majority of the research literature on PsyCap has originated from the West, and limited literature exists about its antecedents and consequences among the Saudi population. Studies undertaken in Saudi Arabia must take into account unique cultural aspects. The present work attempts to identify the contribution that could emerge from the relationship of PsyCap, with constructs like subjective well-being, social capital, and employee engagement, considered through the prism of culture. It also recognizes the influence of, and upon, the external environment. Going beyond the replication of earlier studies, the present work considers the constructs to have a yin-yang relationship. The study presented a model of comprehensive framework emerging from the relevant literature to bring out the complex connections between PsyCap and other constructs. It also emphasized the importance of culture on the identified constructs, and its implication on contribution and performance. The proposed framework needs to be further tested by academics, researchers, and practitioners to confirm its practical implications in industry