An Improved ADI-DQM Based on Bernstein Polynomial for Solving Two-Dimensional Convection-Diffusion Equations

In this article, we presented an improved formulations based on Bernstein polynomial in calculate the weighting coefficients of DQM and alternating direction implicit-differential quadrature method (ADI-DQM) that is presented by (Al-Saif and Al-Kanani (2012-2013)), for solving convection-diffusion equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Using the exact same proof for stability analysis as in (Al-Saif and Al-Kanani 2012-2013), the new scheme has reasonable stability. The improved ADI-DQM is then tested by numerical examples. Results show that the convergence of the new scheme is faster and the solutions are much more accurate than those obtained in literature. Keywords: Differential quadrature method, Convection-diffusion, Bernstein polynomial, ADI, Accuracy

The Numerical Technique Based on Shifted Jacobi-Gauss-Lobatto Polynomials for Solving Two Dimensional Multi-Space Fractional Bioheat Equations

    يتناول هذا البحث، الخوارزمية التقريبية لحل معادلة الحرارة الحيوية ثنائية البعد متعددة الرتبة الكسورية المكانية (M-SFBHE). سوف نوسع تطبيق طريقة التجميع لتقديم التقنية العددية لحل M-SFBHE مؤسسة على متعددات حدود جاكوبي- كاوس- لوباتو (SJ-GL-Ps) بالصيغة المصفوفية.  استخدمنا صيغة Caputo لتقريب المشتقة الكسرية و لإثبات فائدتها ودقتها, طبقنا الخوارزمية المقترحة على مثالين. النتائج العددية أظهرت أن النهج المستخدم فعال للغاية ويعطي دقة عالية وتقارب جيد.This article deals with the approximate algorithm for two dimensional multi-space fractional bioheat equations (M-SFBHE). The application of the collection method will be expanding for presenting a numerical technique for solving M-SFBHE based on “shifted Jacobi-Gauss-Labatto polynomials” (SJ-GL-Ps) in the matrix form. The Caputo formula has been utilized to approximate the fractional derivative and to demonstrate its usefulness and accuracy, the proposed methodology was applied in two examples. The numerical results revealed that the used approach is very effective and gives high accuracy and good convergence

Difference and Contradiction of Critique Methods to Produce Styles of Modulation in Architecture: (Architect Peter Eisenman as Example)

Rapid changes and developments have brought contemporary intellectual theories and different and diverse ties to highlight the different and multiple concepts contribute to the definition of any philosophy and intellect, which are frequent and mutant methods and demonstrations of the same values and origins which in turn describe the state of existence, continuity, permanence and human communication, the most important concepts are Difference and contradiction as the basis of everything, and without them there is no existence or knowledge. most contemporary studies focused on the different critical methods linked to the semantics and meanings that express architecture on the one hand, and methods of expression, invocation and illustration on the other hand, and both are contribute in the formation and creation of architecture and enrich its architectural output, despite the wide presentation of the concepts of difference and contradiction but these propositions only addressing each notion separately without knowing their relationship as critical methods and trends shaping the contemporary architecture and achieving communication with community structure, So the problem of research has determined with (lack of comprehensive knowledge study describes the most important applied mechanisms to concepts of difference and contradiction as critical methods contribute to the production of continuous civilized building formation patterns of interaction between the designer objective and the receiver subjective), In order to address this problem, a conceptual framework was built for the methods of difference and contradiction, and the election a number of architectural projects of “Eisenman” which shows difference and contradiction as a clear critical trends and methods as applied mechanisms or strategies produce emerged architecture formation patterns of outreached architectural output among clones of what is happening globally or immersed in cloning for local references, and then described and evaluated them in accordance with indicators drawn from the conceptual framework of the concepts of difference and contradiction that place and give the more plausible explanation, presenting a number of recommendations to depend on as critical methodology contribute in production of patterns forming architecture, its recognition swinging between what is subjective accompanies sensory perception and what is that accompanies mental perception, and as sentimental mechanism for networking events, harmony and pleasure and thrill in physical output

Allelopathic effects of Polygonum aviculare L.

Therefore, allelopathy appeared to be the dominant component of the interference, with competition probably accentuating its effects. Polygonum aviculare was inhibitory to Gossypium barbadense L. and Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench indicating that allelopathy is an important component of the interference by Polygonum against crop yields. In spite of the moderate allelopathic effects against cotton and sorghum it may still be possible to plant Polygonum aviculare between rows of these crops or to supply a light mulch between rows to control various weeds including Cyndon dactylon and some other weeds.Polygonum aviculare was observed to spread rapidly into heavy stands of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. indicating a strong interference against Cynodon dactylon. Measurements of selected soil minerals and physical factors indicated that competition was probably not the chief cause of that interference. Soil collected under senescent Polygonum was very inhibitory to all test species except Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitch., suggesting the presence of inhibitory compounds. Tops and roots of Polygonum, root exudates, and leachate of the tops inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of more test species.Four inhibitors were isolated from living Polygonum plants, three of which were glucosides. Four different inhibitors were isolated from Polygonum residues and soil under Polygonum stands, and none of these occurred in soil from Cynodon dactylon stands. Three of these were glycosides containing both fructose and cellobiose as the sugars. Color reactions of all the inhibitors indicated that they are phenolic in nature. All the inhibitors reduced seed germination and/or seedling growth of Chenopodium album L. Moreover some of them inhibited growth of different strains of Rhizobium and Azotobacter

Restoring the Local Heritage and its Role in Sustainable Spatial Development the Great Market in Al-Najaf – a Case Study

Regional and local changes in Iraq have led to an accelerated dynamic of comprehensive development without the preservation of local heritage, which caused the loss of many traditional buildings, changing their urban fabric, the emergence of contradictory architectural styles, and others without a clear and specific identity, causing visual deformation. The research problem was identified from the goals and principles of urban design that concerned with the conservation, restoration, and continuity of heritage context, activates their role in sustainable development programs and as a response to changes and radical shifts in spatial structures of city centers, and the social and economic changes, as; “the lack of clear indicators for the restoration of local heritage and its role in achieving spatial development”. The paper will present an analytical study of international and Arabic leading experiences, in the processes of preserving and restoring local heritage, as an important policy in the development and sustainability of places, and try to assess the local experience, according to the indicators derived from them, conduct recommendations for developing the methodologies and policies of restoring local heritage, that suit with the identity and privacy of historical and heritage context

MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF DEHYDRATION IN PEDIATRICS

The level of fluid deficit may be difficult to scientifically quantify and there is no laboratory worth that is either delicate or details to approximate the degree of dehydration in children. Rehydration may take place by means of oral, subcutaneous, or IV paths. We performed a search using electronic databases; MEDLINE, science-direct, and EMBASE, through October, 2018. Dehydration related to gastroenteritis makes up a considerable worry of disease worldwide. Most of dehydration is amenable to ORT; only the treatment of severe dehydration needs IVF. Prior pilot data on the superiority of rapid IVF administration for rehydration has actually been refuted. Nevertheless, a new research suggests that initial rehydration with glucose including IVF trends toward lowering the return visits and decreasing the admission rates. More data on the efficiency and safety and security of antiemetics has actually been produced. Antiemetics have been proven well tolerated without masking severe alternate diagnoses, efficacious in improving the success of ORT, and affordable. These brand-new data supporters highly for the consolidation of antiemetics right into the scientific guidelines. Variability in guideline conformity has been shown, with doctors mentioning troubles in evaluating dehydration and scientific judgment as factors for variation

Diasporic virginities: social representations of virginity and identity formation amongst British arab muslim women

This study compares how practising and non-practising British Arab Muslim women position themselves in relation to representations of virginity. Overall, in our qualitative study, we found that representations of culture and religion influenced social practices and social beliefs in different ways: non-practising Muslim women felt bound by culture to remain virgins, while practising Muslim women saw it as a religious obligation but were still governed by culture regarding the consequences of engaging in premarital sex. Interestingly, some practising Muslim participants used Mut’a (a form of temporary ‘marriage’) to justify premarital sex. This, however, did not diminish the importance of virginity in their understanding and identification as Arab women. In fact, this study found that virginity, for the British Arabs interviewed, embodied a sense of ‘Arabness’ in British society. Positioning themselves as virgins went beyond simply honour; it was a significant cultural symbol that secured their sense of cultural identity. In fact this cultural identity was often so powerful that it overrode their Islamic identities, prescribing their behaviour even if religion was seen as more ‘forgiving’

Assessment Practices of Science Teachers in Middle School Based on Classification of Performance on International Examinations

The study aimed at identifying assessment practices adopted in TIMSS 2011, compare practices across high– performing and low- performing middle schools. Also, to analyze the importance and the actual use of assessment procedures and methods, and to assess the relationships between the actual assessment practices and the perceived value of assessment practices. Saudi results of 8th grade participation in TIMSS 2011 were analyzed, supported by survey data collected from a sample of 350 intermediate science teachers about their practices and perceived value of assessment. The survey had acceptable indicators of validity and reliability. Results showed that assessment practices did not vary between high - performing and low - performing schools based on teachers' survey TIMSS 2011. On the other hand, findings from exploratory factor analysis concluded nine factors that explain assessment practices, namely: self-assessment, higher learning objectives assessment, knowledge and understanding, mechanisms of analyzing assessment results, indirect thinking questions, homework, and peer- evaluation, observation, and using objective questions. Moreover, results showed that there were effects of worthiness of assessment practices on the actual assessment practices of science teachers in middle schools.

Effect of row spacing and speeding rate on Alfalfa (Hassawi) seed yield and two related traits

A field experiment was conducted at King Faisal University Research and Experimental Station, Al-Hassa during 1984 to 1987 to study the effect of row spacing and seeding rate on the seed yield of Hassawi alfalfa. The experiment included six row spacings: 15,30,45,60,75 and 90 cm and four seeding rates: 5, 10,20 and 40 kg/ha. An early seed crop was taken in the summer of the first year (1985) and two seed crops (early and late) were obtained in the summer of each of the second and third years (1986 and 1987). In the early seed crop of 1985, the 60 and 75 cm row spcaings gave the highest seed yeilds, producing 426 and 436 kg/ha, respectively. For the overall means of early and late seed crops of 1986 and 1987, the 30 and 75 cm row spacings produced the highest seed yields, giving 364.5 and 372.5 kg/ha, respectively. Lowest seed yields were obtained from either 15 or 45 cm row spacings, being 295.5 and 318.5 kg/ha, respectively. With respect to seeding rate, the seed yields obtained in 1985,1986 and 1987 were not significantly affected by the seeding rate treatments, although the 20 kg/ha seding rate gave the highest seed yield. In the late seed crop of 1986, the 75 row spacing gave significantly the highest 1O00-seed weight. In the early seed crop of 1985, the 90 cm spacing produced a significantly higher number of seeds per pod than the 15 cm spacing and in the late seed crop, the 90 cm gave a significantly higher number of seeds per pod than the 30 cm spacing. In the late seed crop of 1987, the seeding rate of 40 kg/ha gave significantly higher 1000-seed weight than the other seeding rate treatments. The seeding rate of 5 kg/ha produced a significantly higher number of seeds per pod than 40 kg/ha seeding rate