Socio-cultural interaction of Arab immigration groups with Australian host society

Immigration has had a substantial impact on the Australian population over the past four decades. During this period there has been a significant change both in the number of new arrivals and the origins of these settlers. The Jordanian community, as one of the smallest ethnic groups in Australia, is represented in almost every state in Australia. The first significant Jordanian immigration to Australia occurred in the 1970s. Since then Jordanian immigration to Australia has increased, especially after 1991 because of the Gulf crisis and because the Jordanian government began sending students to Australia to continue their studies. Also, a significant number of Jordanians became Australian permanent residents and thereby contributed to the fast growth of the established Jordanian community in Australia. This thesis shed lights on the Jordanian groups that immigrated to Australia along with issues relating to the Australian Jordanian community, which is now not only one of the smallest communities in Australia but also one of the most recognisable. The thesis draws an historical and contemporary picture of Jordanians in Australia, including those who stayed in this country after completing their study. This research investigates a wide range of factors, such as the pull and push that drove the population movement from Jordan to Australia. It also investigates the various factors that have interacted with each other to influence the Jordanians’ decision to migrate to Australia. The study reveals that Jordanian migrants in Australia have often made a smooth transition in their lives in their new country. While the dynamics between migrants from the Middle East and the rest of Australian society has faced many challenges both before and after the event of September 11, 2001, Jordanian immigrants continue to adapt economically and culturally to Australian society and life-style. Furthermore, Jordanian students in Australia are likely to be skilled migrants and to apply for migration status after completing their studies because they believe that Australia will continue to grow faster than other Western countries, and their stay in Australia will help their family back home. This study offers convincing evidence that Jordanian immigrants play a very important, albeit modest role, in promoting business in Australia. Most of the people whom I interviewed have their own business and this study sheds light on the dynamics of small business ownership, the contribution of Jordanians to this field and its cultural significance to Australian society. Finally this study concludes with some recommendations for further studies associated with Jordanians inside and outside Jordan

The Impact of Speech Recognition Systems on The Productivity and The Workflow in Radiology Departments: A Systematic Review

Speech Recognition dictation systems are becoming more popular and provide a viable alternative to conventional transcription services. On the other hand, there is a scarcity in the studies that address the impact of speech recognition on productivity and the workflow in the radiology department. To review the most updated literature in the past 10 years regarding the effects of Speech Recognition systems on the productivity and workflow of radiology departments. A systematic literature review was done using PRISMA, including 14 articles in total, and they were divided into four main themes. The finding confirmed the positive effect of Speech Recognition on departmental productivity, with decreased report turnaround time and an increase in the number of reports available per unit of time

Statistical Analysis of Language Problems in Students with Learning Disabilities in Irbid District

The study statistically analyzed expressive and receptive language problems among students with learning disabilities at Irbid District. The sample of the study included students with learning disabilities enrolled at resource rooms in the educational directorate of Irbid District in the second semester of the school year 2022/2023 totaling (241) male and female students (132 males, 109 females). The analytical descriptive design was employed. A (25) items instrument measuring receptive and expressive language problems was developed and administrated. The results of the study indicated that level of receptive and expressive language problems among students with learning disabilities at Irbid District was high. There were no statistically significant differences (α=0.05) due to gender in the two domains and the total score of receptive and expressive language problems. The study recommended the need for more collaboration among educators and parents to consider the needs of learning disabilities students and that all training, material and moral resources should be provided to develop receptive and expressive language skills among students with learning disabilities

A Proposed Vision of the Transformation of the Arab Universities into Smart Digital Universities

This research develops a proposed vision to transform Arab universities into smart digital universities. The descriptive research approach is used to achieve the research objectives. The research sample consists of 450 faculty members and 75 educational experts randomly selected by stratified random method. The questionnaire is adopted as a research instrument. The findings indicate that a proposed vision can be developed to transform Arab universities into smart digital universities by addressing several themes; the philosophical premises of the proposed vision, the features of the proposed vision “smart university administration, smart people, smart university environment, and knowledge network”, determining the requirements necessary to implement the proposed vision, setting the appropriate foundations for the proposed implementation and success in Arab universities, and demonstrating the potential challenges and threats that may stand in the way of implementing the proposed vision and methods to overcome them

Innovation and Transformation in Early Childhood Education in the UAE

This chapter explores the development of Early Childhood Education in the UAE, focusing on the period between birth and compulsory school age. A distinction is made between Early Childhood Care and Education, focusing on the age group birth to four and Early Childhood Education, focusing on the age group four to six. The contexts of public and private education are explored across the age range, including in-home care, public nurseries, federal nurseries, public kindergartens and kindergarten provision in private schools. Investments in early childhood give children enhanced opportunities for success later in life. Progress has been made in the UAE for the age range four to six years in terms of enhancing quality through rigorous inspection frameworks based on international best practice, as well as in terms of curriculum reform in public schools for that age group. However, for the age range of birth to four years, there has been limited progress in terms of service provision for the age range birth to four years. Quality assurance standards have been raised, but there is still no national curriculum framework in place in the UAE for the early years. The importance of this embodiment of a society’s educational aims and purposes appears well understood for school age children as the nation continues to refine and reform curriculum. The development of a curriculum framework for early childhood care and education is of critical importance in terms of reflecting broad societal values and aspirations and achieving the vision of the UAE

Proposed Mechanisms for Enhancing Social Capital Management in Arab Universities

The paper develops proposed mechanisms to enhance social capital management in Arab universities. The descriptive approach is used to achieve the research objectives. The research sample consists of 611 faculty members from Arab universities randomly selected to answer the questionnaire on the reality of social capital in Arab universities. The research instrument consists of two questionnaires consisting of 48 items to measure social capital management mechanisms in Arab universities. The findings indicate that the degree of reality of social capital in Arab universities is medium with a mean of (3.47). The results also show that their approval regarding the suggested proposals is high, with a mean score of (4.87). Given the previous findings, the research recommends that the university should establish stable partnership networks with national and international universities in common areas, strengthen horizontal organization to empower faculties and scientific departments, have a common vision to generate a collective agreement among all beneficiaries to develop university work, consolidating teamwork skills and values, and provide contacts who carry important information for the professional life of faculty members

Proposed Vision for Enhancing Psychological Capital Management as a Gateway to Achieving Competitive Advantage in Arab Universities

This paper develops proposed vision for enhancing psychological capital management as a gateway to achieving competitive advantage in Arab universities. The descriptive approach and prospective analysis approach are used to achieve the research objectives. The questionnaire is used as a research instrument. The research sample consists of (513) faculty members randomly selected and 199 experts selected using the stratified purposeful sampling method. The findings indicate that the overall mean of the reality of availability of psychological capital is (3.49) with a medium degree for all dimensions, as the highest dimension is resilience with (3.56) while the lowest dimension is hope with (3.43). The results also show there is a consensus among experts on the mechanisms for enhancing the management of psychological capital in Arab universities, as all dimensions achieve a high degree, as follows: hope (4.94), self-efficacy (4.87), self-resilience (4.86), and optimism (4.85). Given these results, the research develops a vision to enhance the management of psychological capital in Arab universities as a gateway to achieving competitive advantage including its objectives, starting points, elements, implementation requirements, implementation stages, those responsible for implementing the proposed vision, and obstacles to its implementation and methods to overcome

Восприятие студентами вузов роли образовательных цифровых стимулов в побуждении к академической вовлеченности в профессиональном образовании

Introduction. Digital stimuli are one of the strategies prepared by higher education institutions in university teaching in the field of vocational education, but they do not attach importance to them from other strategies that are used. The investigation of the role of educational digital stimuli in achieving the academic passion of vocational education students in Jordanian universities in light of COVID-19 is important to try to know the effect of digital stimuli on the academic passion of vocational education students. Methodology and research methods. The descriptive survey method was used to analyse the data. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire consisting of (29) items was designed, divided into three areas: dynamics (11 items), mechanics (7 items), and components (11 items) to collect data. The study sample consisted of 260 male and female students in Jordanian universities. Results and scientific novelty. The results showed that the role of educational digital stimuli in achieving academic passion was ‘high’ with no statistically significant differences due to the gender variable, with statistically significant differences due to the variables of the academic year and university type. Practical significance. The study recommends designing educational environments that are attractive, interactive, and related to the students’ reality, using strategies for deep information processing, problem-solving method, creativity and critical thinking in order to achieve students’ involvement in learning.Введение. Цифровые стимулы являются одной из стратегий, подготовленных высшими учебными заведениями в университетском обучении в сфере профессионального образования, но университеты не выделяют их из других стратегий, которые используются. Исследование роли и влияния образовательных цифровых стимулов в достижении академической вовлеченности у студентов профессионального образования в иорданских университетах в свете COVID-19 важно. Методология и методы исследования. Для анализа данных использовался описательный метод опроса. Для достижения целей исследования была разработана анкета для сбора данных, состоящая из 29 пунктов, разделенных на три области: динамика (11 пунктов), механика (7 пунктов) и компоненты (11 пунктов). Выборка исследования состояла из 260 студентов мужского и женского пола в иорданских университетах. Результаты. Результаты показали, что роль образовательных цифровых стимулов в достижении академической вовлеченности была высокой без статистически значимых различий из-за гендерной переменной, со статистически значимыми различиями из-за переменных «учебный год» и «тип университета». Практическая значимость. Даны рекомендации создавать привлекательную, интерактивную и связанную с реальностью учащихся образовательную среду, используя стратегии глубокой обработки информации, метод решения проблем, креативность и критическое мышление, чтобы добиться вовлечения учащихся в процесс обучения

Techniques for Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Inoculum Reduction

It is well established that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can play a significant role in sustainable crop production and environmental conservation. With the increasing awareness of the ecological significance of mycorrhizas and their diversity, research needs to be directed away from simple records of their occurrence or casual speculation of their function (Smith and Read 1997). Rather, the need is for empirical studies and investigations of the quantitative aspects of the distribution of different types and their contribution to the function of ecosystems. There is no such thing as a fungal effect or a plant effect, but there is an interaction between both symbionts. This results from the AM fungi and plant community size and structure, soil and climatic conditions, and the interplay between all these factors (Kahiluoto et al. 2000). Consequently, it is readily understood that it is the problems associated with methodology that limit our understanding of the functioning and effects of AM fungi within field communities. Given the ubiquous presence of AM fungi, a major constraint to the evaluation of the activity of AM colonisation has been the need to account for the indigenous soil native inoculum. This has to be controlled (i.e. reduced or eliminated) if we are to obtain a true control treatment for analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizas in natural substrates. There are various procedures possible for achieving such an objective, and the purpose of this chapter is to provide details of a number of techniques and present some evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. Although there have been a large number of experiments to investigated the effectiveness of different sterilization procedures for reducing pathogenic soil fungi, little information is available on their impact on beneficial organisms such as AM fungi. Furthermore, some of the techniques have been shown to affect physical and chemical soil characteristics as well as eliminate soil microorganisms that can interfere with the development of mycorrhizas, and this creates difficulties in the interpretation of results simply in terms of possible mycorrhizal activity. An important subject is the differentiation of methods that involve sterilization from those focussed on indigenous inoculum reduction. Soil sterilization aims to destroy or eliminate microbial cells while maintaining the existing chemical and physical characteristics of the soil (Wolf and Skipper 1994). Consequently, it is often used for experiments focussed on specific AM fungi, or to establish a negative control in some other types of study. In contrast, the purpose of inoculum reduction techniques is to create a perturbation that will interfere with mycorrhizal formation, although not necessarily eliminating any component group within the inoculum. Such an approach allows the establishment of different degrees of mycorrhizal formation between treatments and the study of relative effects. Frequently the basic techniques used to achieve complete sterilization or just an inoculum reduction may be similar but the desired outcome is accomplished by adjustments of the dosage or intensity of the treatment. The ultimate choice of methodology for establishing an adequate non-mycorrhizal control depends on the design of the particular experiments, the facilities available and the amount of soil requiring treatment