Improving Engineering Knowledge by Promoting Collaboration between Universities and International Companies in Developing Countries

Several fields today are mainly dependent on cooperation among the different parties, and the education system one of these fields. Many agreements between local laboratories and local and international companies must be agreed. These agreements will be an initial stage in building corporation among the industrial community. However, these agreements should not remain on paper, and such partnership agreements should promote economic growth, social justice, protection of the environment and universal responsibilities during solving logistic and industry issues. Where in a country like Iraq which suffering from lack of job opportunities and the weakness of laboratories that lead to delay the education process. However, the partnership could include practical and scientific studies and then applying the research results in solving the real industry issues. This paper will discuss the effect of industrial partnership with the importance of engineering education and expectations for the accomplishment of new strategies and scenarios in the developing countries

Sustainable heating system by infrared radiators

Maintaining the optimum temperature in the living quarters is the key to a comfortable stay. Due to the lack of a central heating system or in the event of its insufficiency, they resort to the installation of additional heat sources. There is a wide range of devices on the market with different operating principles, hence the difficulty of which is better - a convector or infrared heater. A comparative analysis of devices will help you make the right choice. Asking the question of which is better a convection heater or an infrared heater, one must decide on its role in heating the house. It is better to use them as additional equipment with an existing heating system. One of the effective sources of additional heating are infrared radiators. Its principle of operation is based on infrared radiation, which provides a quick and qualitative increase in temperature in any part of your apartment. Today, more and more people prefer infrared radiators. From the usual electric convector, they differ in that they heat not the air in the room, but hard surfaces (floors, walls) and objects, and these, in turn, leak heat into the surrounding space. So, the entire room is heated up unnoticeably

Investigate the Applicability of Coating Titanium Substrate by Hydroxyapatite for Surgical Implants

Pure Titanium and Titanium alloys are the materials that are utilized the most often for the production of dental implants, and hydroxyapatite is the bioactive substance that is most frequently coated on titanium implants. Ceramics are a family of biomaterials that include hydroxyapatite. This substance has structural and chemical similarities with biological apatite, the primary inorganic component of tooth and bone, and hydroxyapatite is also a ceramic. The substance is not only osteoconductive and non-toxic, but it also has bioactive properties. This research studied and manufactured a coating for surgical implants by employing hydroxyapatite (HA), a distinctive bone that grew at a medium for prosthetic human body parts. This coating was meant to boost bone development. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) created titanium substrate HA coatings. This search employed HA compressed at 150 MPa with a particle size of 2.745 m as a coating target utilizing PLD methods with (8000, 6000, and 4000) pulses. SEM and AFM were used to describe the coating surface and determine calcium and phosphorus concentrations in the coating layer. In an in vivo study, four rabbits\u27 femur bones were implanted with Ti-HA-8000, Ti-HA-6000, Ti-HA-4000, and Ti. Both groups showed new bone growth surrounding the implant at three weeks. Haversian lamellae indicate mature bone growth and complete osseointegration surrounding the Ti-HA-8000 implant after six weeks, which implies that HA is biocompatible and facilitates implant-bone osseointegration

Evaluation the influence of steel-fiber on the concrete characteristics

The impact of steel fibers on the engineering characteristics of concretes were explored experimentally in this work. Steel fibers of 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 percent by volume fraction were applied to concretes mixture with water/cements (W/C) proportions of 0.43 to accomplish this. There have been a total of 24 cubic specimens produced for compressive strengths testing, 24 cylindrical specimens for splitting tension strengths testing, and 12 cubic specimens for toughened unit weight testing. The experimental findings reveal that applying 0.5 percent to 0.9 percent of fibers made of steel to concrete boosts both compressive and tension strengths concurrently when compared to ordinary concretes; however, there is no discernible gain in hardened unit weight with increased fiber amounts

Applying of No-fines concretes as a porous concrete in different construction application

Recently, the demands on the concretes with no fines aggregate has been increased as a results of the industry revolution. Many researchers are trying to recycle the concretes and rubble. In addition, the increase in noise in the surrounding environment as a result of the growing population and cars has generated an urgent need to produce concretes characterized by good sound insulation. No-fines concretes is considered as a kind of porous lightweights concretes, gained by removing the sand from the ordinary concretes mixture. The aim of this study is replace the coarse aggregate by waste ceramics in order to reduce the wastes as well as investigate strengths against compression s, density and porosity of No-fines concretes before and after substitution the coarse aggregate by waste ceramics. The methodology of this research paper has been mainly depending on strengths against compression s test and the measured ultrasonic pulse velocity as well as the density. The investigational research has been implemented by 54 samples cast by six various blending proportion consisting of (cement, coarse aggregate, water) utilizing ceramic wastes (CWs) as a substation ratio of coarse aggregates in making concretes free of fine aggregate, so that the proportions of ceramic residues are (0, 10%, 20, 30, 40, 50) as a partial substation of the coarse aggregates and examined at the ages of (7, 28 and 90) days. The mechanism of failure has been detected and categorized beside the concrete’s density and void percentage have been collected. The results show that, the increasing the substitution ratio for waste ceramic within the no-fine mixtures cause a decrease in the density with increasing the strengths against compression s for the specimens

Identify the effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of aluminum matrix composite produced by powder metallurgy technique

Aluminum is a highly valuable structural metal utilized in various industrial sectors; particularly, it is utilized in considerable quantities in the nautical, aeronautical, and automotive industries. Aluminum is additionally utilized in small amounts in several other industrial sectors. The composite materials are now extensively utilized in various applications after their introduction. In this research, they prepared composite samples of aluminum with adding hematite nanoparticles with different ratio (2, 4, 6, and 8) wt% by powder metallurgy technology, and the sample preparation conditions was (mixing time reach to 2 h for every sample; the compaction loads is 6 tons and sintering temperature equal to 600°C). The tests conducted were XRD, SEM, EDS, green density, green porosity, microhardness, compression, and wear. The results illustrate that the hardness and wear values increase when increasing the hematite percentage

Investigate the Applicability of Coating Titanium Substrate by Hydroxyapatite for Surgical Implants

Pure Titanium and Titanium alloys are the materials that are utilized the most often for the production of dental implants, and hydroxyapatite is the bioactive substance that is most frequently coated on titanium implants. Ceramics are a family of biomaterials that include hydroxyapatite. This substance has structural and chemical similarities with biological apatite, the primary inorganic component of tooth and bone, and hydroxyapatite is also a ceramic. The substance is not only osteoconductive and non-toxic, but it also has bioactive properties. This research studied and manufactured a coating for surgical implants by employing hydroxyapatite (HA), a distinctive bone that grew at a medium for prosthetic human body parts. This coating was meant to boost bone development. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) created titanium substrate HA coatings. This search employed HA compressed at 150 MPa with a particle size of 2.745 m as a coating target utilizing PLD methods with (8000, 6000, and 4000) pulses. SEM and AFM were used to describe the coating surface and determine calcium and phosphorus concentrations in the coating layer. In an in vivo study, four rabbits\u27 femur bones were implanted with Ti-HA-8000, Ti-HA-6000, Ti-HA-4000, and Ti. Both groups showed new bone growth surrounding the implant at three weeks. Haversian lamellae indicate mature bone growth and complete osseointegration surrounding the Ti-HA-8000 implant after six weeks, which implies that HA is biocompatible and facilitates implant-bone osseointegration

Identification and investigation of corrosion behavior of electroless composite coating on steel substrate

Because it is essential to avoid toxicity and corrosion in order to enhance the steel components and their aesthetic magnitude used in our everyday life, there has been an increased interest in the electroless field, particularly with regard to the application of nickel-phosphor on steel substrates. In this work, electroless process by nickel low phosphor solution and added titania particles (10–30  µm) to amount of coating solution (0, 5, and 10  g/L) with different coating times (30 and 60 min). Then, many tests were conducted, involving coating thickness, surfaces roughness, hardness, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and linear polarization tests in salt solution that were carried out for substrate and coating layers. Hardness indicates that the mechanical characteristics of the applied coatings with incorporated (TiO2) reinforcement were far more superior to its own matrix as well as noncomposite nickel coating. The polarization curves conducted by potentiodynamic technique for different coating layers with 3.5% NaCl a medium and find all data by computerize, which shows that the addition of TiO2 extract improved the corrosion rate (67.58%) than uncoating specimen

RPC Effect of Crude Oil Products on the Mechanical Characteristics of Reactive-Powder and Normal-Strength Concrete

This study includes detailed information on the mechanical characteristics of the hardened concrete mix for normal concrete (NSC) and reactive powder concrete (RPC) after exposure to crude oil products. Two types of crude oil products (kerosene and gas oil) were investigated after exposure for a period of 180 days. The experimental program consisted of three sets of NSC and RPC specimens; after curing all concrete specimens for 28 days and 2 days to dry in the air, the first set of specimens was immersed in kerosene for 180 days and the second set was immersed in gas oil for the same age, while the third set was left in the air as a reference set (cured normally for 28 days and tested at the age of 180 days). The results showed that the mechanical characteristics of the RPC mix were not highly affected after exposure to each type of crude oil products, where it lost about (3.41–6.32 %) compared with reference RPC mix. While the NSC mix lost about (13.82–21.95 %) of its mechanical characteristics compared with reference NSC mix after exposure to crude oil products for the same period