Cleaning Efficiency of Root Canal after Irrigation with New Irrigation Technique: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of pressurized water irrigation technique (AquaPick Device) as an intra-canal irrigation technique and compare it with sonic irrigation device (Endoactivator) for their ability to remove smear layer from canals. Methods and Materials: Total number of 80 single rooted teeth (premolars) were prepared, divided into eight main groups, Group 1: Aquapick with apically vented needle/18 mm depth, Group 2: Aquapick with apically vented needle/15 mm depth, Group 3: Endoactivator device/18 mm depth, Group 4: Endoactivator device/15 mm depth, Group5: Aquapick with 2 side vented needle/18 mm depth, Group 6: Aquapick with 2 side vented needle/15 mm depth and two control groups. Then all samples were tested by SEM in 3, 6 and 9-mm distances from the apical foramen. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: There was a high significant difference among the tested groups with the best removal of smear layer by the use of pressurized water irrigation device with apical vented needle especially at the 3 mm area. Conclusion: Pressurized water irrigation technique could be used as intra-canal irrigation technique with good results.Keywords: AquaPick Device; Endoactivator; Smear Layer Removal; Pressurized Wate

Evaluation of Canal Transportation after Using Different Types Rotary Glide Path Files

Introduction: Canal transportation is a common problem caused by rotary instruments. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate root canal transportation after using WaveOne Gold Glider, ProGlider, Path File and K-file. Methods and materials: Forty resin blocks with L-shaped canals were divided into four groups (n=10). Group 1; canals were prepared with WaveOne Gold Glider, group 2; ProGlider, group 3; Path Files and group 4; #10, #15, and #20 stainless steel manual K-Files. Pre- and post-instrumentation photographic images were superimposed and resin removed from the inner and outer surfaces of the root canal was calculated through 3 points at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the end of canal which represented canal transportation. All data were analyzed by one way ANOVA test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA test revealed that there was no significant differences (P>0.05) between the tested files in canal transportation in apical, middle and coronal third. The last amount of canal transportation happened at the apical third in WaveOne Gold Glider group. Conclusions: This in vitro study showed that using WaveOne Gold Glider files lead to less canal transportation especially in the apical third area with less significant differences with ProGlider, PathFiles and K-File.Keywords: Canal Transportation; Glide Path File; Resin Block; WaveOne Gold Glide

Amount of apically extruded debris of three different rotary instruments with design modification

Background: To determine the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation with of DentsplyProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Gold (PTG), and ProTaper Next (PTN) nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary files was evaluated in comparision with simulated files with same design and our study design. Methods: For PTU and PTG study design modification is to leave the apical 8 mm of S1 and the apical 3 mm of S2 as un-milled, F1 only the apical 5 mm would have cutting blades. For PTN is to leave the apical 8 mm of X1and, while for X2 is to leave the coronal 8 mm as un-milled. Ninety human mandibular second premolar teeth were decoronated to a 15mm length, an apparatus with minor modifications of the Myers and Montgomery experimental model was used, after canal preparation was stored in an incubator in order for water evaporation leaving only the extruded debris, then the vials were transmitted to the electrical balance for re-weighing. Conclusions: Leaving the portion of the file which supposes not to make canal preparation blank (without flutes) decreases the amount of debris extrusion in all protaper systems