6 research outputs found
Expression of HER-2/neu in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Background: HER-2/neu is a member of the human epidermal growth factor (HER) family of transmembrane tyrosine kinases, which is significantly associated with the pathogenesis of various cancer types. The aim was to evaluate the expression of HER-2/neu in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as a potential biomarker to target antigens for specific immunotherapy in OSCC.Methods: One hundred and forty histologically diagnosed OSCC cases were identified. Four to five-micrometer thick formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H and E). Histological grade was assessed according to WHO/Broders classification, while tumors were staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM classification from stage I to IV. Immunohistochemistry was performed by using Rabbit monoclonal antibody against HER-2/neu (EP700Y, cell marquee and diluted 1:50). FISH was performed on positive cases using Vysis PathVysion HER-2 DNA probe (Abbott USA). Probes consist of LSI HER gene spectrum orange and control probe CEP 17 spectrum green.Results: In this study, males were mostly effected (64.3%) with buccal mucosa (49%) to be the commonly involved site for OSCC. Majority of cases were moderately differentiated (62.1%) and 50.7% tumors were Stage IV. HER-2/neu was found to be positive (2+) in one case of OSCC, however weak to moderate complete membrane staining was observed in \u3e10% of the tumor cells. One hundred and thirty nine cases were HER-2/neu negative. FISH analysis of HER-2/neu positive cases also showed gene amplification (Her2-neu/ CEp 17 = 225/33 = 7.2).Conclusions: The study showed disparity in the expression of HER-2/neu in OSCC, which is due to multiple reasons. Therefore therapy against HER-2/neu in OSCC is debatable
The flavonoid 6-hydroxyflavone prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
In this study, the flavonoid, 6-hydroxy-
flavone was investigated for its renal protective activity
in the cisplatin rat model of nephrotoxicity. Male
Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were included
in the study. 6-Hydroxyflavone was daily administered
at 25 and 50 mg/kg (i.p.), while ascorbic acid was used
as a positive control and injected (i.p.) at 50 mg/kg for
15 days. The nephrotoxicity was evoked with a single
cisplatin injection at 7.5 mg/kg on the tenth day of
treatment. The renal function and levels of oxidative
stress markers were assessed. Each tissue slide of
different groups was observed under a compound
microscope attached with a digital camera. Cisplatin
significantly decreased the overall body weight with an
increase in serum creatinine and urea and production of
severe histopathological and oxidative stress in the
kidneys. The daily treatment with 6-hydroxyflavone
significantly attenuated the cisplatin associated
detrimental changes in the body weight, and serum
levels of creatinine and urea at both 25 mg/kg (P<0.05)
and 50 mg/kg (P<0.01). The 6-hydroxyflavone treatment
also preserved the renal histoarchitecture from the
toxicological influence of cisplatin as evident from a
significant reduction in the severity of histopathological
changes in the renal tissues. Moreover, 6-
hydroxyflavone also reduced the cisplatin-induced lipid
peroxidation and corrected the renal antioxidant status.
A similar protective effect was observed with the
positive control, ascorbic acid (50 mg/kg). These
findings show that the flavonoid 6-hydroxyflavone has
potential nephroprotective properties and can be used for
the management of chemotherapy associated renal
disturbances
Periodontal parameters in prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-diabetic patients
Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters in prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-diabetic patients. Forty-one patients with prediabetes (Group 1), 43 patients with T2DM (Group 2), and 41 controls (Group 3) were included. Demographic data were recorded using a questionnaire. Full-mouth clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], clinical attachment loss [CAL], missing teeth [MT]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) parameters were measured on digital radiographs. In all groups, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were also measured. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The mean age and HbA1c levels of participants in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 53.4±3.5, 60.1 ± 0.6, and 56.6 ± 2.5 years and 6.1%, 8.4%, and 4.8%, respectively. The mean duration of prediabetes and T2DM in patients from Groups 1 and 2 were 1.9 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.5 years, respectively. PI, BOP, PD, MT, CAL, and MBL were significantly higher in Groups 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.05) than in Group 3. There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters in Groups 1 and 2. Periodontal parameters were worse between prediabetes and T2DM patients compared with controls; however, these parameters were comparable between prediabetes and T2DM patients
Expression of CD34 and α-SMA Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Differentiation. A Histological and Histo-Chemical Study
To reduce morbidity and mortality rates of OSCC cases, early diagnosis, assessment of behavior and prognostic estimates are vital. This study analyzed the expression of CD34 and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in OSCC, to establish their significance in diagnosis and prognosis. Primary cases of OSCC, diagnosed with excisional biopsy at multiple cancer treatment centers, were included. Tissue sections were embedded and stained with H & E for histological differentiation and invasion of tumor vessel. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against CD34 and α-SMA. The chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) tests were applied for data analysis. Eighty patients with fifty males (62.5%) and thirty females (37.5%) and mean age of 45 ± 14.1 years were evaluated. Buccal mucosa was the most common site for OSCC lesions [36 (45%)]; 47.5% of lesions were moderately differentiated and 33.8% were well-differentiated lesions. Invasion of tumor vessels was observed in 35% of specimens. A significant association was seen between CD34 expression and histological grading of OSCC (p < 0.002). Among all poorly differentiated OSCC specimens, expression of CD 34 was low and α-SMA was high. CD 34 is a critical prognostic factor in OSCC diagnosis and increased α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts may indicate aggressive OSCC behavior
Periodontal parameters in prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-diabetic patients
<div><p>Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters in prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-diabetic patients. Forty-one patients with prediabetes (Group 1), 43 patients with T2DM (Group 2), and 41 controls (Group 3) were included. Demographic data were recorded using a questionnaire. Full-mouth clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], clinical attachment loss [CAL], missing teeth [MT]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) parameters were measured on digital radiographs. In all groups, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were also measured. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The mean age and HbA1c levels of participants in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 53.4±3.5, 60.1 ± 0.6, and 56.6 ± 2.5 years and 6.1%, 8.4%, and 4.8%, respectively. The mean duration of prediabetes and T2DM in patients from Groups 1 and 2 were 1.9 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.5 years, respectively. PI, BOP, PD, MT, CAL, and MBL were significantly higher in Groups 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.05) than in Group 3. There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters in Groups 1 and 2. Periodontal parameters were worse between prediabetes and T2DM patients compared with controls; however, these parameters were comparable between prediabetes and T2DM patients.</p></div