1 research outputs found
Ciprofloxacin removal from non-clinical environment: A critical review of current methods and future trend prospects
Antibiotics in the environment represent a significant threat to global public health. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of
the second generation groups of synthetic fluoroquinolones and the most widely used antibiotics worldwide. The
current work aimed to review and analyze the current methods used for eliminating CIP and identify the ap�proaches for more advanced technologies that could provide more removal efficiency for CIP removal from the
non-clinical environment. The VOSviewer software tool was used to build and visualize bibliometric networks by
creating a map based on bibliographic data for keywords and most countries published on the CIP removal from
the Scopus database. The present review analyses the sustainable methods for removing CIP from the non-clinical
environment and highlights the most efficient techniques used to remove CIP. The adsorption process of CIP is
highly efficient, with a removal percentage of 95%. The microbial electrolysis ultraviolet cell (MEUC) procedure
removed 100% of CIP. The degradation of CIP by UV/H2O2/O3 and its sub-processes increased the degradation of
CIP from 41.2% to 98.5%. The photocatalytic degradation exhibit 92.81% removal of CIP from wastewater
samples. The three-dimensional (3D) porous graphene has excellent adsorption properties to eliminate CIP by
93% in water purification. Each method has advantages and disadvantages based on price, time and presence of
toxic by-products. This review is expected to serve as a base for recent research and assist researchers in
developing alternative CIP treatment approaches with more efficient removal methods