Teaching English In Iraq:an Analysis Of An Efl Textbook

This study evaluates the fifth- grade beginning English textbook, Iraq Opportunities 3, which was introduced in elementary schools by the Iraqi Ministry of Education in 2012. This mixed methods research aims to analyze the content of a new textbook that is considered to be the foundation of the English language program in Iraq. This is a valuable research project since its findings reveal the strengths and weaknesses of Iraq Opportunities 3 based on three critical components: grammar, vocabulary, and culture. A survey questionnaire was used in this study to elicit the perspectives of English language teachers who are using this textbook in their classrooms along with the personal evaluation by the researcher. Three research questions were addressed in this study: 1) How are grammar and vocabulary addressed in Iraq Opportunities 3? 2) How are English-speaking and Iraqi cultures represented in Iraq Opportunities 3? and 3) Is the L2 culture represented in this textbook in a way that exposes students to the English-speaking culture? The findings are generally in favor of the textbook in terms of grammar and vocabulary and their appropriateness for the age and level of students. However, the study criticizes the limited role and the poor representation of culture in this curriculum

Myocardial uptake of Tc-99m HDP in a patient with prostate carcinoma

In this case report we present an unusual appearance of myocardial uptake of Tc-99m HDP in a 59-year-old renal transplant patient who was imaged while looking for metastases from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Subsequent investigation demonstrated no obvious cause for this appearance, such as myocardial disease or metastatic cancer. The case report, therefore, discusses the possible causes of such an appearance and reviews the literature concerning this phenomenon

Stopping of Slow Hydrogen Dicluster by Different Solid Materials

In this theoretical work, the subject of stopping power is investigated for slow hydrogen dicluster by using random phase approximation. The projectile is stopped by variance solids of different Wigner Seitz radiuses. The considered stopping power is related to the interaction between a low velocity dicluster  of zero damping interacts with (Au, C, Al, and Cs) targets mediums based on an electron gas model.The subject of an ionic dicluster stopping power has been calculated by using Random Phase Approximation (RPA) at low velocity for the first and second approximation order, where the influence of damping has been ignored. The obtained results of this study show detailed behavior of the ionic dicluster of its duality interaction with several electron density targets mediums of long range collision belongs to aggregation effect, their affected parameters as internuclear distance of dicluster, and its velocity are studied.The results have been achieved by using programs of Fortran-90 language which performed for the numerical calculation. DOI: 10.7176/APTA/82-05 Publication date: January 31st 202

Novel Adsorbent For Industrial Wastewater Treatment Applications

In this study, the hydroxyapatite powder is investigated for both of methylene blue and thymol blue in aqueous solution. The physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were evaluated systematically using the different techniques including Microsoft Excel programming, linear regression model and also the coefficient of determination. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effect of contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentrations, and also the adsorbent dosage on adsorption. The adsorption kinetic parameters confirmed the better fitting of pseudo-second order kinetic model for both of methylene blue and thymol blue. The isotherm data of methylene blue and thymol blue could be well described by the Freundlich isotherm model which means the adsorption is multilayer adsorption with non-uniform distribution of adsorption heat and affinities over the heterogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (KF) of methylene blue and thymol blue is found to be 0.2736 (L/mg) and 11.18407 (L/mg) respectively. The high specific surface area and the porous structure with some acidic functional groups on the surface were obviously responsible for high dyes adsorption onto hydroxyapatite (HA). Adsorption kinetics data were modeled with the application of Pseudo first order, Pseudo second order and Intraparticle diffusion models. The results revealed that the Pseudo second order model was the best fitting model. Which means that, the adsorption mechanism followed two stages in which the first one was fast and the other was slower step. Which means the adsorption of dye molecules was limited by intra particle diffusion and film diffusion, as well as the adsorption rate in both of adsorption system are depends only on the slower step. The Boyd plot exposed that the intra-particle diffusion was the rate controlling step of the adsorption process of both of methylene blue and thymol blue molecules by HA powder. However, the adsorption of methylene blue molecules (basic solution) using of HA as adsorbent particles is found to be extremely preferable than thymol blue molecules

Development of novel adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment

The main objective of this research project is to perform some experimental procedures to inform the ability of the novel adsorbent used in this project. The chemical modification of the adsorbent is the chemical oxidation of pure powder chitosan using some specific redox pairs which are potassium dichromate and sodium bisulphite. After preparing the modified chitosan, there are some parameters that must be discussed during the adsorption process. The first parameter is the time parameter, showing experimentally the optimum time for adsorption under certain conditions by collecting values of absorbance and concentration of thymol blue adsorbed after the process from the spectrophotometer showing that the optimum time is 120 minutes. While for the optimum pH experiment, it is shown that optimum pH is 4, 0.5% v/v is optimum concentration, and 0.05 grams is the optimum dose for the adsorbent. Then after computing these conditions and values of absorbance, some calculations and classifications are done to show the reaction kinetics and isotherm classification of the process. By performing some equations using mathematical rules it is provided that the reaction is not a first order reaction, showing by calculations and graphs that the reaction is a second order reaction. Also, to know the classification of the process other mathematical relations are done calculating slope and R2 to show whether the process reaction is a Langumir or Frendulish, showing that the reaction process is a Frendulish process having a greater value of R2

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF CLOPAMIDE, DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE MESYLATE AND RESERPINE IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop a new, rapid, precise and sensitive RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Clopamide (CPM), Dihydroergocristine mesylate (DHECM) and Reserpine (RSP) in tablets.Methods: Caffeine (CAFF) was used as internal standard, a BDS Hypersil column C8 (4.6 x 150 mm) with mobile phase containing a mixture of inorganic phase (ammonium acetate solution in water) and organic phase (acetonitrile and methanol), adjusted with phosphoric acid (10% v/v) to a pH-3.5, the flow rate was 2.0 ml/min, UV detection was performed at a wavelength of 220 nm and injection volume was 20 μl. The validation of this method was done as per ICH guidelines.Results: Retention times were observed as 1.277, 2.397, 3.799 and 5.202 min for Caffeine, Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine mesylate and Reserpine, respectively. Linearity ranges were observed to be: 1.50-300.00, 2.50-500.00 and 1.00-200.00 μg/ml for Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine mesylate and Reserpine respectively. Relative Standard Deviation did not exceed 2.00%. Detection limits were observed to be 0.08, 0.07 and 0.05 μg/ml for Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine mesylate and Reserpine, respectively.Conclusion: This method was applied, the first time as simple, rapid, precise and sensitive method for determination of Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine mesylate and Reserpine either alone or in combination, in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations without interference with any excipient.Â

Survey and distribution of rodent inhabiting eight districts at Gharbia governorate, Egypt

Rodent individuals were noticed in buildings from eight districts viz., Samannoud, El-Mahala, Tanta, Elsanta, Zifta, Bassuon, Kotor and Kafr-El-Zayat districts during two years at Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. The residents noticed 193, 146, 112, 109, 102,  82, 77 and 34 rodent  individuals in Samannoud, El-Mahala, Tanta, Elsanta, Zifta, Bassuon, Kotor and Kafr-El-Zayat  districts respectively during from January 2014 to December 2016 at Gharbia Governorate. There was no significant difference between number of rodent during study period (years), but there was significant difference among places and months. Rodents recorded in Elsanta and Tanta distracts were Rattus rattus (Linn.), Rattus rattus frugivorous (Rafinesque) and Rattus rattus alexandrines (Geoffray) and Rattus norvegicus Berk., and Mus musculus Linn., belonging to two genera (Rattus and Mus) from family Muridae. There was no significant difference between number of rodent during (cities, years and species) but there was significant difference between number of rodent during months and locations. These results could be used in the Integrated Pest Management program to control the rodents.This work proved the presence of R. rattus (Linn.);(R.rattus frugivorous (Rafinesque) and R. rattus alexandrines (Geoffray)] followed by R. norvegicus Berk., and Mus musculus Linn., belonging to two genera (Rattus and Mus) from family Muridae, were recorded in Elsanta and Tanta distracts at Gharbia Governorate.  R. norvegicus Berk.; R. rattus frugivorous (Rafinesque) followed by. R. rattus alexandrines (Geoffray); were recorded in Elsanta and Tanta districts. The highest number of R. norvegicus Berk., were recorded 6 individuals during Summer and Winter seasons in 1st year while 8 individuals were recorded during Autumn in 2nd year from AL-Santa district. The highest number of R. norvegicus Berk., (8 individuals) were recorded during Spring season in 1st year while 5 individuals were recorded during Winter and Spring  seasons in 2nd year from Tanta distract. The highest number of R.rattus frogivorus (Rafinesque) were recorded 5 individuals during Spring season in1st year while 6 individuals were recorded during Winter season in 2nd year from Al-Santa district. The highest number of R. rattus frogivorus (Rafinesque),(4 individuals) were recorded during Summer seasonin1st year while  4 individuals were recorded during Summer, Autumm and Winter seasons in 2nd year from Tanta district.The highest numbers of R. rattus alexandrines (Geoffray) were recorded 5 individuals during Spring season in1st year while 6 individuals were recorded during Spring in 2ndyear from Al-Santa district. The highest number of R. rattus alexandrines (Geoffray).,(4 individuals) were recorded during Summer season in 1st year while 4 individuals were recorded during Summer, Autumm and Winter seasons in 2nd year from Tanta district. There were no significant difference between number of rodent during (Cities, Years and Species) but there were significant difference between number of rodent during months and locations. 

Facile Synthesis of a Tailored-Designed Au/Pt Nanoanode for Enhanced Formic Acid, Methanol, and Ethylene Glycol Electrooxidation

The recent revolution in nanoscience and global energy demand have motivated research in liquid fuel cells (LFCs) due to their enhanced efficiency, moving flexibility, and reduced contamination. In line with this advancement, a glassy carbon (GC) electrode was modified with platinum (PtNPs) and gold (AuNPs) nanoparticles to fabricate a nanosized anode for formic acid, methanol, and ethylene glycol electrooxidation (abbreviated, respectively, to FAO, MO, and EGO), of the key anodic reactions of LFCs. The deposition sequence of the catalyst’s layers was important where the Au/Pt/GC electrode (in which PtNPs were directly deposited onto the GC surface followed by AuNPs—surface coverage ≈ 32%) exhibited the best catalytic performance. The catalytic performance of the Au/Pt/GC anode excelled (at least threefold) its value obtained at the Pt/GC anode with regard to FAO and EGO, if the oxidation peak currents were compared. This enhancement got reduced to 1.4 times in the case of MO, but the large decrease (− 220 mV) in the onset potential of MO provided compensation. The role of AuNPs in the Au/Pt/GC catalyst was principal in boosting its catalytic performance as it immunized the underlying PtNPs against CO poisoning which is associated with the release of CO as an intermediate during the oxidation. Interestingly, AuNPs succeeded in interrupting the contiguity of the Pt surface sites required for CO adsorption during FAO, MO, and EGO and, thus, presage preventing the deterioration of the catalytic performance of their corresponding LFCs

Port-Site Metastasis after Laparoscopic Surgery for Urological Malignancy: Forgotten or Missed

Purpose. Port-site metastasis has been a concern with the common use of laparoscopy in urologic oncology. We conducted this study to provide a review of port-site metastases reported after the laparoscopy in managing urologic malignancies, possible contributing factors and preventative measures. Materials and Methods. An electronic search of MEDLINE using the combined MESH key words “port-site metastasis” and “Urology”. Results. 51 articles addressing port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for urolo¬gical malignancy were identified. Conclusion. Port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for urolo¬gical malignancy is rare. The incidence is comparable to the rate for surgical wound metastases