Factors Affecting Quality of Life in Patients with End Stage of Renal Disease on Hemodialysis , Ras Al Khaimah-United Arab Emirates

Background: Nowadays, a dramatically increase on the incidence and prevalence of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) were more than one million ESRD suffer worldwide, thus, ESRD is an important public health concern for it has considerable repercussion on the quality of life (QoL) of patients and the community’s increased social and health care needs. Purposes: Were to describe the quality of life in patients with end stage of renal disease on hemodialysis and to examine the contributing factors that may affect quality of life. Methodology: A cross sectional design was used to describe the QoL in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis and to determine the contributing factors that may affect quality of life; and a correlational design was utilized to examine associations among the independent variables (demographic characteristics and biological factors) that may influence the dependent variable (QoL). Setting of the study: It was at dialysis unit located in Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaidulla Hospital (IBHOH), affiliated to the Ministry of Health , Medical District in Ras Al-Khaimah Emirate - UAE which provided the medical services to all patients regularly attending the in-patient hemodialysis (Emirates citizens and Non- Emirates citizens) and were managed by medical and paramedical staff working within the same hospital. Sampling: A purposive sampling was conducted and the accessible population was comprised of 129 regular patients. Out of 129 patients, 74 patients were qualified in the inclusion criteria to participate in the research. Participants were interviewed individually to measure Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) using Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36TM (KDQoL 36TM) scale and compared KDQoL scores by demographic factors, and biological factors. Results: the overall quality of life of patients with ESRD on hemodialysis was low, with M+SD(39.57+16.13). Increase poor quality was independently associated with female gender, aged >60 years, low educational level, unemployment status have poor QoL. The Physical Component Summary (PCS) domain came in the first rank with the lowest rated and scored with M+SD (32.66+17.30), whereas the mean of the Burden of Kidney Disease domain came in second rank with M+SD (34.61+12.26). Meanwhile, the Symptoms and Problems domain came in third rank with M+SD (38.56+22.8), followed by the Effects of Kidney Disease on Daily Life domain that came in fourth rank with M+SD (42.22+10.56), and then lastly, Mental Component Summary (MCS) domain came in fifth rank with M+SD (49.84+17.73). In this study, the results revealed that the level of serum albumin and gender were the most significant predictors that influence QoL in patients with (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis at (P>0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: The results of the present study shown the evidence that patients with ESRD have poor QoL. Lowest score of KDQoL 36TM scale was found in the "PCS , while highest score was MCS. Furthermore , the study revealed that level of the serum albumin was the most significant predictor influence QoL in patients with ESRD and the most modifiable factor which has a strong association with poorer HRQoL was education, whereas non-modifiable factor was female gender. Because of those factors attention should be given to the nurses and other health care providers as formal caregivers for early interventions that prevent further morbidity and minimize the mortality as well as provide the evidence-based for clinical practice that assist the nurses to have a comprehensive assessment of their patients’ lives and integrated all these crucial aspects in inclusive plan for appropriate nursing intervention and improve quality of patient’s life and HRQoL. Keywords : End stage renal disease, hemodialysis, Quality of lif

Endoplasmic Reticulum Quality Control Is Involved in the Mechanism of Endoglin-Mediated Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition affecting the vascular system and is characterised by epistaxis, arteriovenous malformations and mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal telangiectases. This disorder affects approximately 1 in 8,000 people worldwide. Significant morbidity is associated with this condition in affected individuals, and anaemia can be a consequence of repeated haemorrhages from telangiectasia in the gut and nose. In the majority of the cases reported, the condition is caused by mutations in either ACVRL1 or endoglin genes, which encode components of the TGF-beta signalling pathway. Numerous missense mutations in endoglin have been reported as causative defects for HHT but the exact underlying cellular mechanisms caused by these mutations have not been fully established despite data supporting a role for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control machinery. For this reason, we examined the subcellular trafficking of twenty-five endoglin disease-causing missense mutations. The mutant proteins were expressed in HeLa and HEK293 cell lines, and their subcellular localizations were established by confocal fluorescence microscopy alongside the analysis of their N-glycosylation profiles. ER quality control was found to be responsible in eight (L32R, V49F, C53R, V125D, A160D, P165L, I271N and A308D) out of eleven mutants located on the orphan extracellular domain in addition to two (C363Y and C382W) out of thirteen mutants in the Zona Pellucida (ZP) domain. In addition, a single intracellular domain missense mutant was examined and found to traffic predominantly to the plasma membrane. These findings support the notion of the involvement of the ER's quality control in the mechanism of a significant number, but not all, missense endoglin mutants found in HHT type 1 patients. Other mechanisms including loss of interactions with signalling partners as well as adverse effects on functional residues are likely to be the cause of the mutant proteins' loss of function

Effects of different exercise regimes and dietary supplements on body composition and metabolism : a cross-randomization study

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Correlates of Dietary Behaviors Among Young Emirati Males Completing Compulsory Military Service

INTRODUCTION: It is important to understand the correlates of different dietary behaviors in a military context in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to guide intervention development to prevent and treat obesity as it has a significant impact at the country and regional level. This study aimed to assess different dietary behaviors and their association with potential correlates including age, marital status, educational level, smoking status, screen time, dietary knowledge, eating self-efficacy, and general self-efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional design and included 153 (M = 25.9 years, SD = ± 3.2) military recruits completing their basic training at a single military camp in the UAE. Dietary behaviors of these recruits were measured using the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study. Other potential correlates included dietary knowledge, general self-efficacy, and eating efficacy. The ethical approval was obtained from the research ethics committee in the UAE university. RESULTS: Daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and breakfast was reported by 14.4%, 25.5%, and 22.9% of the military recruits, respectively. Almost half of the recruits (46.4%) consumed sugar-sweetened drinks more than 3 times a week, 39.2% consumed fast food more than 3 times a week, and 37.3% consumed sweets/chocolates more than 3 times a week. Bivariate regression analyses revealed that eating self-efficacy was positively associated with breakfast and dairy food consumption, although it was inversely associated with sugar, fast-food, and French fries intake. Age was significantly and inversely associated with sugar, fast-food, and energy drink intake. Moreover, nutrition knowledge was significantly and positively correlated with vegetable intake and negatively correlated with energy drink consumption. Multiple regressions showed that lower age and lower eating self-efficacy were found to be the main predictors for sugar-sweetened drinks (adjusted R2 = 0.112) and fast-food intake (adjusted R2 = 0.084). Also, a higher dietary knowledge score was a predictor of vegetable intake (adjusted R2 = 0.093), although age and smoking predict energy drink intake (adjusted R2 = 0.225). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that unhealthy eating patterns are common among new recruits in the UAE military. The study suggests that age, eating self-efficacy, and nutrition knowledge are the main correlates of selected dietary behaviors. Interventions are advised to target these correlates to achieve healthier dietary habits inside the military

Pattern of psychiatric in-patient admissions in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

An understanding of the current state of mental health services in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from a clinical perspective is an important step in advising government and stakeholders on addressing the mental health needs of the fast-growing population. We conducted a retrospective study of data on all patients admitted to a regional psychiatric in-patient unit between June 2012 and May 2015. More Emiratis (UAE nationals) were admitted compared with expatriates. Emiratis were diagnosed more frequently with substance use disorders and expatriates with stress-related conditions. Psychotic and bipolar disorders were the most common causes for admission and had the longest in-patient stays; advancing age was associated with longer duration of in-patient stay

The majority of the missense mutants in the ZP and intraceullar domains traffic normally to the plasma membrane.

<p>HeLa cells were transiently co-transfected with the C-terminally HA-tagged Endoglin pCMV5 plasmids and the EGFP-tagged H-Ras plasmid and 24 hours later the cells were processed for fluorescence confocal microscopy as described in the methods. The following missense mutanst were shown to traffic predominantly to the plama membrane as eviednced by their co-localization with GFP-H-Ras: C382G ( data not shoiwn due to space limitations), F403S (panles A–C), S407N (not shown), C412S (not shown), G413V (not shown), N423S (panels D–F), R437W (not shown), A452G (not shown), Q476H (not shown), V504M (panels J–L), R571H (panels M–O ) and P615L (panels P–R).</p

Comparison of the subcellular localization of wild type Endoglin with two (L32R and C53R) orphan domain HHT1-causing mutants.

<p>HeLa cells were transiently transfected with the C-terminally HA-tagged Endoglin pCMV5 plasmids (panels A-C, G-I and M-O) or co-transfected with the same plasmids and the EGFP-tagged H-Ras plasmid (Panels D–F, J–L and P–R) and processed for fluorescence confocal microscopy as described in the methods. The HA tagged proteins were detected with Anti-HA monoclonal antibodies (red panels A, D, G, J. M and P) and the ER marker calnexin was detected with anti-calnexin polyclonal antibodies (panels B, H and N). GFP-H-Ras staining is shown in panels E, K and Q. The wild type predominantly showed plasma membrane localization as evidenced by its co-localization with Ras (D–F). On the other hand the two mutants (L32R and C53R) showed ER localization (G–R).</p