Using Hybrid Power Generation to Ensure the Reliability of Power System in Jordan

There is an increase in the growing of interest in renewable energy system, especially solar and wind for their availability and cost of running competition in the Middle East. Hybrid systems of renewable energy generation have two or more different sources usually generate different types of ensuring the continuous supply of electrical charges. The system is considered to consist of wind turbines, batteries, optical, and conventional diesel generators to power a variable load at a speed of 62 kWh / day with the peak load of 6 kW, peak load.  The study was based on real data on wind speed and solar radiation to Amman city. There are several options available compared to using a software package HOMER Technical and economic view, economic, and possible low of pollutant emissions. Keywords: Hybrid system, Optimal system design , Economy, Environment, HOMER software DOI: 10.7176/JETP/9-5-04 Publication date:June 30th 201

Automatic Verification of Communicative Commitments using Reduction

In spite of the fact that modeling and verification of the Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) have been since long under study, there are several related challenges that should still be addressed. In effect, several frameworks have been established for modeling and verifying the MASs with regard to communicative commitments. A bulky volume of research has been conducted for defining semantics of these systems. Though, formal verification of these systems is still unresolved research problem. Within this context, this paper presents the CTLcom that reforms the CTLC, i.e., the temporal logic of the commitments, so as to enable reasoning about the commitments and fulfillment.  Moreover, the paper introduces a fully-automated method for verification of the logic by means of trimming down the problem of a model that checks the CTLcom to a problem of a model that checks the GCTL*, which is a generalized version of the CTL* with action formulae. By so doing, we take advantage of the CWB-NC automata-based model checker as a tool for verification. Lastly, this paper presents a case study drawn from the business field, that is, the NetBill protocol, illustrates its implementation, and discusses the associated experimental results in order to illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the suggested technique.   Keywords: Multi-Agent Systems, Model Checking, Communicative commitment's, Reduction

The Basis of State's Responsibility for its Employee’s Actions under Jordanian Civil Law and General International Law

This research discusses the basis of State's responsibility for its employees work under the Jordanian Civil Code and international law by determining the conditions for liability in both laws, in addition to the legal basis on which the State bears responsibility for the damage caused by the illegal employee work, provided that such work was happened by employee in the course of job performance or because of job, then to reach the conclusion that the most appropriate legal basis for reality and law is to be based on carrying liability or responsibility in both laws

[TEST ANXIETY: TYPES, CAUSES AND EFFECTS ON THE PSYCHOLOGY AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION STUDENTS] قلق الاختبار: أنواعه وأسبابه وآثاره النفسية والتحصيلية على طلبة المرحلة الثانوية العامة

Secondary education students often tend to suffer from test anxiety which has a great impact, whether on their psychology or academic achievement. This study aims at investigating the types, causes and effects of test anxiety on the psychology and academic achievement of secondary education students, as well as focusing on the way to face it by presenting certain mechanisms that are designed for this purpose. The researcher used the interpretive descriptive approach due to the fact that this approach is designed for studying, discussing and analysing cases, as well as for setting a number of results based on an analysis. The study came up with a set of results, the most important of which is that experiencing anxiety is something normal for a student, but what is not normal is when anxiety exceeds the normal levels and becomes a barrier that prevent the student from achieving success and progress. Also, the study concluded that relieving the effects of anxiety can be achieved depending on the students themselves, their families and relatives as well as their societies and schools with all their components. Moreover, the study recommended that all these social components work together to help students get rid of anxiety and its negative effects on their psychology and academic achievement. يعاني طلبة الثانوية غالبًا من قلق الاختبار، وللقلق الاختبار أثر كبير على الطلاب سواء من الناحية النفسيةأو التحصيلية، وقد هدف البحث الحالي إلى بيان أنواعه، وأسبابه، وآثاره النفسية والتحصيلية على طلبةالثانوية العامة، كما هدف إلى التركيز على طريقة مواجهته، وتوضيح الآليات القادرة على ذلك. ولقد انتهجالبحث خطوات المنهج الوصفي التفسيري الذي يرصد الظاهرة، ويتحدث عنها، ويحللها، ويضع مجموعة منالنتائج بناء على ذلك التحليل. ولقد توصل البحث إلى نتائج من أهمها أن القلق أمر طبيعي أن يحصل معالطالب، ولكن ما هو غير طبيعي أن يزيد عن حده فيصبح بذلك عائقاً أمام الطالب في تحقيق النجاحوالتقدم، كما توصل البحث إلى أن تخفيف آثار القلق يعتمد على الطالب نفسه، والأهل والأقارب، والمجتمع،والمدرسة بكافة مكوناتها، وأوصى البحث بضرورة تظافر جميع هذه المكونات الاجتماعية معًا حتى تفضيبالطالب إلى التخلص من القلق وبالتالي التخلص من آثاره السلبية على نفسيته وتحصيله

Antiulcerogenic, Anti-Secretory and Cytoprotective Effects of Piper Cubeba (L.) on Experimental Ulcer Models in Rat

This paper evaluated anti-gastric ulcer and anti-secretory effects of a popular spice Piper cubeba L, (Family: Piperaceae) in rats. The gastric ulcer protective potential of an aqueous suspension of Piper cubeba (PCS) was evaluated against different acute gastric ulcer models in rats induced by pyloric ligation (Shay), hypothermic restraint stress, indomethacin and by necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH and 25% NaCl) induced gastric mucosal injury. Piper cubeba aqueous suspension (PCS) at the doses 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight administered orally (intraperitoneally in Shay rat model) showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effects in all the above models. Besides, the PCS offered protection against ethanol-induced depletion of gastric wall mucus (GWM); replenished the reduced non-protein sulfhydryls (NP‑SH) concentration and significantly replenished malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the gastric tissue. Ethanol induced histopathological lesions of the stomach wall characterized by mucosal hemorrhages and edema was reversed by Piper cubeba aqueous suspension treatment. Pretreatment of rats with Piper cubeba provided significant protection of gastric mucosa through its antioxidant capacity and/or by attenuating the offensive and by enhancing the defensive factor