Preschool children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and fluoxetine treatment

WOS: 000301496300008PubMed ID: 22271063Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder which can substantially disable children's ability to function at home and school. Clinicians frequently rely on knowledge about symptoms that can be examined early in treatment to determine future treatment effectiveness. However, OCD in preschoolers has also received little attention in literature. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one retrospective chart review and one case report in the literature for preschool cases treated with SSRIs. Therefore, the effect of fluoxetine on preschool children was imprecisely understood. The aim of this case report was to examine the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine treatment for pediatric OCD. Four preschool children with OCD completed an 8-week fluoxetine (up to 20 mg) trial. We diagnosed OCD according to Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria and symptoms of OCD were assessed with the Childrens' Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). Initial and post-treatment symptom severity and improvement were assessed by using the severity (S) and improvement (I) scales of Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI). The CY-BOCS total, obsessions and compulsions subscale scores and CGI-S scores were significantly improved for all of the cases at the end of the eighth week. In this case report four preschool children, with severe OCD and resistant to the previous non-psychopharmacologic treatment responded well to fluoxetine monotherapy. On the other hand, the usage of SSRIs in preschool children remains highly controversial, due to the lack of data on safety and efficacy

Effect of Methylphenidate on Emotional Dysregulation in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder plus Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder

WOS: 000396116100017PubMed ID: 28225747Background and Aim Emotional dysregulation (ED) is a frequent feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It can be observed as a dysregulation profile or a deficient emotional self-regulation (DESR) profile. Oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) comorbidity is prevalent in ADHD and known to be related with ED. The first-line treatment of ADHD includes psychostimulants, but their effects on ED are not well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment on ED in ADHD + ODD/CD cases. Methods A total of 118 ADHD + ODD/CD patients with a mean age of 9.0 1.9 years were treated with MPH for 1 year. Also, parents of cases were recruited for a parent-training program, which initiated after first month of MPH treatment. Symptom severity was assessed at baseline and 12th month by Turgay Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Based Child and Adolescent Behavior Disorders Screening and Rating Scale-Parent Form, Children Depression Inventory, Child Behavior Checklist 4-18 years, and Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire-Mother Form. Results Emotional dysregulation (DESR + DP) was present in 85.6% of cases. Conduct disorder was significantly higher in patients with DP, whereas ODD was significantly higher in the DESR and non-ED groups (P < 0.0001). Symptoms of ADHD and ED were significantly improved with 1-year of MPH treatment (P < 0.05). The improvement in ED was independent of improvement in ADHD symptoms and parent training (P < 0.05). Conclusions Emotional dysregulation is highly prevalent in disruptive behavioral disorders as ODD and CD, which are comorbid with ADHD. The MPH treatment is effective on ED independently from other clinical determinants

Children Aggression Scale-Parent Version (CAS-P): Turkish validity and reliability study

WOS: 000372320200009Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Children Aggression Scale-Parent Version. CAS-P developed to help evaluate severity, frequency and diversity of aggressive behavior. Methods: The scale has 33 items representing five domains. The CAS-P was completed for 473 clinically referred children's parents. Validity was evaluated by examining the relationship of CAS-P scores to other criteria parent rating scales and for the construct validity confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted. For the reliability the internal consistency were examined. Results: Consistent with previous research, confirmatory factor analysis of the CASP confirmed the good-fit of the original model (chi(2)=842.15; sd=302; chi(2)/sd)=2.7; RMSEA=0.069; CFI=0.96; NFI=0.95). In order to test the scale for construct validity, the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and DSM-IV based Behavior Disorder Screening and rating scale were administered to participants, and the correlations with clinical constructs were in the expected direction. Also the reliability analysis revealed that the CAS-P subscales demonstrated high internal consistency. Conclusion: In the light of the findings, it was concluded that the Turkish version of CAS-P could be used as a reliable and valid tool in research and treatment contexts

Zuclopenthixol Acetate Treatment in Children With Bipolar Disorder and Severe Aggression

WOS: 000290033100033PubMed ID: 2153237

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Turkish Children: The Effects of Impairment and Sociodemographic Correlates

WOS: 000368181400004PubMed ID: 25846701This study was designed to assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and the impact of impairment criteria on rates of diagnoses in a representative sample of elementary school children from a country in a region. We sampled 419 primary school children by using a one-stage design in Izmir, Turkey. The response rate was 99.5 % and 417 cases were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime Version and a scale to assess the impairment criterion. The results showed that 36.7 % of the sample met DSM-IV criteria independent of impairment and that 14.1 % of the population had one or more DSM-IV disorders when a measure of impairment specific to each diagnosis was considered. The most prevalent disorders were attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders. This study provided the first estimates of the prevalence of specific DSM-IV-defined psychiatric disorders in Turkish population of children

Aripirazole and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Case Study

Obsessive compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by presence of obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are defined by recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges or images that experienced at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted and that cause marked anxiety. Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or acording to rules that must be applied rigidly because of preventing or reducing anxiety. Several drug and pschosocial treatments have been suggested for OCD that including both cognitive and behavioral aspects. Cognitive behavioral therapy and seratonin reuptake inhibitors are first-line treatment for OCD. In this case we studied the association of cognitive behavioral therapy and aripiprazole treatment. While the reduction in OCD symptoms with aripiprazole, treatment resistance is disappeare providing significant improvements in functionality and motivation to treatment with CBT. [JCBPR 2016; 5(1.000): 44-49