Investigation of active surface area of tool electrode and peak current on discharge energy during ECDM process

The Electrochemical Discharge Machining (ECDM) process is a hybrid non-conventional machining process. It is usedfor machinings hard and brittle materials such as borosilicate glass and ceramic materials. In the ECDM process, activesurface area ( dipped tool ) and peak current affect the discharge energy, which further influences the quality of the microholes. The present article is aimed to investigate the effect of active surface area and peak current on the performancecharacteristics during the ECDM process. Experiments were conducted to investigate the affect of active surface area andpeak currenton Depth Of Penetration (DOP), the Hole Over Cut (HOC), and Material Removal Rate (MRR) based on thereaction rate during ECDM of borosilicate glass. The experimental results reveal that both the MRR and HOC increase inincreasing the peak current and decreasing the active surface area. The maximum DOP and MRR were obtained at 5A peakcurrent with 2 mm tool immersion depth and 7A peak current with 1 mm tool immersion depth, respectively. The minimumHOC was obtained at 2A peak current with a 3 mm tool immersion depth

Investigation of the active surface area of tool electrode and peak current on discharge energy during the ECDM process

459-464The Electrochemical Discharge Machining (ECDM) process is a hybrid non-conventional machining process. It is used for machinings hard and brittle materials such as borosilicate glass and ceramic materials. In the ECDM process, active surface area ( dipped tool ) and peak current affect the discharge energy, which further influences the quality of the micro holes. The present article is aimed to investigate the effect of active surface area and peak current on the performance characteristics during the ECDM process. Experiments were conducted to investigate the affect of active surface area and peak currenton Depth Of Penetration (DOP), the Hole Over Cut (HOC), and Material Removal Rate (MRR) based on the reaction rate during ECDM of borosilicate glass. The experimental results reveal that both the MRR and HOC increase in increasing the peak current and decreasing the active surface area. The maximum DOP and MRR were obtained at 5A peak current with 2 mm tool immersion depth and 7A peak current with 1 mm tool immersion depth, respectively. The minimum HOC was obtained at 2A peak current with a 3 mm tool immersion depth

Guest Editorial Marine Systems Electrification

Shipboard Electrical Applications are increasing in marine systems, from generators to users (propulsion, thrusters, handling, air conditioning, auxiliaries, actuators, and so on), as a matter of fact. Electrical applications are largely utilized in many classes of \u201call electric\u201d and \u201cmore electric\u201d ships, such as cruise liners, naval vessels, supply vessels, yachts, offshore energy vessels, platforms, drilling rigs, cable/pipe-layers, ice-breakers, inland waterways, and so on. Beside the development of electrical applications, competition demands to reduce volume, weight, and emissions in order to cut ship capital expenditures and operating costs. A revision to the existing electric power system architectures is regarded as a promising way to meet such demands. In this view, power electronics is a key enabling technology along with advanced grid controls, energy storage systems, and by-wire-actuators to make electrical energy utilization more efficient and rational

A COMPARISON OF PROPOFOL VERSUS SEVOFLURANE FOR SUPRAGLOTTIC AIRWAY DEVICE INSERTION

Background: The supraglottic airway device (Thermoplastic Elastomer) has gained wide spread popularity for airway management during surgery. Present study aimed to compare the conditions for supraglottic  airway device (Thermoplastic Elastomer) following induction of anaesthesia with inhalation of Sevoflurane or intravenous induction with Propofol. Material & Method: Present observational study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia at Command Hospital (Air Force) Bengaluru after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee. A total of 140 patients with consenting candidates who satisfy necessary inclusion/exclusion criteria during the 18 Months period between May 2020 to Nov 2021. Patients were randomized into one of the two groups as Group P: Propofol and Group S: Sevoflurane of twenty five each for induction of anaesthesia. Both groups receive IV Lignocaine (2 ml of 1%) before induction of anaesthesia. The grading condition for insertion between the groups were noted and compared using appropriate statistical tool using SPSS v21 operating on windows 10. Results: In present study total of 140 patients included who were divided into two groups with 70 patients in each group. There was no significant difference in the mean age of patients between propofol group and sevoflurane group. Overall propofol group had the better performance compared to the sevoflurane group. There was higher incidence of repeat administration in the sevoflurane group (2.9%) compared to propofol group (1.4%), which was statistically insignificant Conclusion: The present study found comparable results for supraglottic airway device (Thermoplastic Elastomer) following induction of anaesthesia with inhalation of Sevoflurane or intravenous induction with Propofo

Cone beam computed tomography guided surgical stent: A preimplant planning procedure, a pilot study

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based radiologic stent in guidance for preimplant placement procedures. Setting and Design: This study was a pilot study conducted among 5 patients who presented for dental implants and attending the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, ITS Dental College, Muradnagar for CBCT volumetric scans. Materials and Methods: The dimensions of bone available for implants were measured from the scans. A radiologic stent was prepared on the study model using three radiopaque pins per implant site, which simulated the implant in the CBCT scan. The pin which was in the direction of the residual bone was identified and retained, and the remaining pins were removed. The retained pin was utilized and the final surgical stent was prepared. It was checked if the final implant placement could be accomplished surgically using the modified stent. Results: A total of 7 implants were inserted. The final implant placement was based on the CBCT data and was evaluated by postoperative radiographs. All the implant sites showed proper placement of the implants. Conclusion: The stent used in our study was cost effective and easy to fabricate. Apart from the anteroposterior direction, it was also possible to give buccolingual direction to the implant, reducing the chances of perforation