6 research outputs found
Soil protection technologies on medium saline irrigated lands
Factor that hinders cotton growth and development, deep rooting of plants, are soil salinization. Currently, intensive measures to combat soil salinization are a very important issue in the field of agriculture. Soils are one of the priceless natural resources that plays an important role in the agricultural production of food in the region. The role of soils is also important in water storing and filtering and increasing resistance to floods and droughts. Stabilization of the food security of the region and increase in crop yields, which mainly depends on the soil, therefore intensive tillage and increasing the content of essential nutrients in the soil is an urgent problem today. Currently, technologies and methods of sustainable and effective intensification of production systems in the direction of increasing production capacity have been developed and are gradually being implemented into production. One of such approaches is soil-protective and resource-saving agriculture. Therefore, in the direction of increasing the production capacity, on the experimental basis of the Agricultural Experimental Station of Cotton and Melon Growing, scientific research was conducted to reduce the content of harmful salts and increase the content of nutrients in the soil
Rational measures of agromelioration on grey soils
In the conditions of grey soils in the south of Kazakhstan, the soil is degraded due to irrational use of irrigated land and non-compliance with agro-reclamation works in its order, as well as excessive irrigation of medium-saline soil, it negatively affects crop yields. In addition, on medium-saline soils, winter plowing is carried out only to a shallow depth of 30-32 cm. Mainly on grey soils, with timely and intensive soil treatment, it is preferable, since the degree of bulk mass of gray soils in a stable indicator is 1.28-1.30 g/cm3. If agrotechnological measures are carried out incorrectly, i.e. it affects the increase in soil density and its salinization, which negatively affects the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. In conditions of decreasing soil fertility, scientists of our scientific institution have carried out experimental work to identify the effects of effective agro-reclamation measures on irrigated saline lands, based on the rational use of irrigated agriculture in the south of Kazakhstan. The first issue that hinders the development of agricultural crops and the regulation of the condition of the rooting layer of plants in the soil is soil salinization and measures to combat them, since this issue is very relevant in conditions of increasing irrigated agriculture intensity
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Land Use Influences Carbon Fluxes in Northern Kazakhstan
A mobile, closed-chamber system (CC) was used to measure carbon and water fluxes on four land-use types common in the Kazakh steppe ecoregion. Land uses represented crop (wheat or barley, WB), abandoned land (AL), crested wheatgrass (CW), and virgin land (VL). Measurements were conducted during the growing season of 2002 in northern Kazakhstan at three locations (blocks) 15-20 km apart. The CC allowed the measurement of the carbon flux components of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (RE) and soil respiration (RS), together with evapotranspiration (ET). Nonlinear regression analyses were used to model gross primary production (GPP) and ET as a function of photosynthetically active radiation (Q); RE and RS were modeled based on air (Tair) and soil (Ts) temperature, respectively. GPP, RE, RS, and ET were estimated for the entire year with the use of continuous 20-min means of Q, Tair, and Ts. Annual NEE indicated that AL gained 536 g CO2 m-2, WB lost – 191 g CO2 m-2, CW was near equilibrium (–14g CO2 m-2), and VL exhibited considerable carbon accumulation (153g CO2 m-2). The lower GPP values of the land-use types dominated by native species (CW and VL) compared to WB and AL were compensated by positive NEE values that were maintained during a longer growing season. As expected, VL and CW allocated a larger proportion of their carbon assimilates belowground. Non-growing-season RE accounted for about 19% of annual RE in all land-use types. The results of this landscape-level study suggest that carbon lost by cultivation of VLs is partially being restored when fields are left uncultivated, and that VLs are net sinks of carbon. Estimations of carbon balances have important management implications, such as estimation of ecosystem productivity and carbon credit certification. The Rangeland Ecology & Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform August 202
Soil protection technologies on medium saline irrigated lands
Factor that hinders cotton growth and development, deep rooting of plants, are soil salinization. Currently, intensive measures to combat soil salinization are a very important issue in the field of agriculture. Soils are one of the priceless natural resources that plays an important role in the agricultural production of food in the region. The role of soils is also important in water storing and filtering and increasing resistance to floods and droughts. Stabilization of the food security of the region and increase in crop yields, which mainly depends on the soil, therefore intensive tillage and increasing the content of essential nutrients in the soil is an urgent problem today. Currently, technologies and methods of sustainable and effective intensification of production systems in the direction of increasing production capacity have been developed and are gradually being implemented into production. One of such approaches is soil-protective and resource-saving agriculture. Therefore, in the direction of increasing the production capacity, on the experimental basis of the Agricultural Experimental Station of Cotton and Melon Growing, scientific research was conducted to reduce the content of harmful salts and increase the content of nutrients in the soil
Rational measures of agromelioration on grey soils
In the conditions of grey soils in the south of Kazakhstan, the soil is degraded due to irrational use of irrigated land and non-compliance with agro-reclamation works in its order, as well as excessive irrigation of medium-saline soil, it negatively affects crop yields. In addition, on medium-saline soils, winter plowing is carried out only to a shallow depth of 30-32 cm. Mainly on grey soils, with timely and intensive soil treatment, it is preferable, since the degree of bulk mass of gray soils in a stable indicator is 1.28-1.30 g/cm3. If agrotechnological measures are carried out incorrectly, i.e. it affects the increase in soil density and its salinization, which negatively affects the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. In conditions of decreasing soil fertility, scientists of our scientific institution have carried out experimental work to identify the effects of effective agro-reclamation measures on irrigated saline lands, based on the rational use of irrigated agriculture in the south of Kazakhstan. The first issue that hinders the development of agricultural crops and the regulation of the condition of the rooting layer of plants in the soil is soil salinization and measures to combat them, since this issue is very relevant in conditions of increasing irrigated agriculture intensity