604 research outputs found
Cryogenic Ion Trapping Systems with Surface-Electrode Traps
We present two simple cryogenic RF ion trap systems in which cryogenic
temperatures and ultra high vacuum pressures can be reached in as little as 12
hours. The ion traps are operated either in a liquid helium bath cryostat or in
a low vibration closed cycle cryostat. The fast turn around time and
availability of buffer gas cooling made the systems ideal for testing
surface-electrode ion traps. The vibration amplitude of the closed cycled
cryostat was found to be below 106 nm. We evaluated the systems by loading
surface-electrode ion traps with Sr ions using laser ablation, which
is compatible with the cryogenic environment. Using Doppler cooling we observed
small ion crystals in which optically resolved ions have a trapped lifetime
over 2500 minutes.Comment: 10 pages, 13 EPS figure
Single track coincidence measurements of fluorescent and plastic nuclear track detectors in therapeutic carbon beams
In this paper we present a method for single track coincidence measurements
using two different track detector materials. We employed plastic and
fluorescent nuclear track detectors (PNTDs and FNTDs) in the entrance channel
of a monoenergetic carbon ion beam covering the therapeutically useful energy
range from 80 to 425 MeV/u. About 99 % of all primary particle tracks detected
by both detectors were successfully matched, while 1 % of the particles were
only detected by the FNTDs because of their superior spatial resolution. We
conclude that both PNTDs and FNTDs are suitable for clinical carbon beam
dosimetry with a detection efficiency of at least 98.82 % and 99.83 %
respectively, if irradiations are performed with low fluence in the entrance
channel of the ion beam. The investigated method can be adapted to other
nuclear track detectors and offers the possibility to characterize new track
detector materials against well-known detectors. Further, by combining two
detectors with a restricted working range in the presented way a
hybrid-detector system can be created with an extended and optimized working
range.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 table
Multifractality in Human Heartbeat Dynamics
Recent evidence suggests that physiological signals under healthy conditions
may have a fractal temporal structure. We investigate the possibility that time
series generated by certain physiological control systems may be members of a
special class of complex processes, termed multifractal, which require a large
number of exponents to characterize their scaling properties. We report on
evidence for multifractality in a biological dynamical system --- the healthy
human heartbeat. Further, we show that the multifractal character and nonlinear
properties of the healthy heart rate are encoded in the Fourier phases. We
uncover a loss of multifractality for a life-threatening condition, congestive
heart failure.Comment: 19 pages, latex2e using rotate and epsf, with 5 ps figures; to appear
in Nature, 3 June, 199
Algorithm for the classification of multi-modulating signals on the electrocardiogram
This article discusses the algorithm to measure electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiration simultaneously and to have the diagnostic potentiality for sleep apnoea from ECG recordings. The algorithm is composed by the combination with the three particular scale transform of a(j)(t), u(j)(t), o(j)(a(j)) and the statistical Fourier transform (SFT). Time and magnitude scale transforms of a(j)(t), u(j)(t) change the source into the periodic signal and Ï(j)Â =Â o(j)(a(j)) confines its harmonics into a few instantaneous components at Ï(j) being a common instant on two scales between t and Ï(j). As a result, the multi-modulating source is decomposed by the SFT and is reconstructed into ECG, respiration and the other signals by inverse transform. The algorithm is expected to get the partial ventilation and the heart rate variability from scale transforms among a(j)(t), a(j+1)(t) and u(j+1)(t) joining with each modulation. The algorithm has a high potentiality of the clinical checkup for the diagnosis of sleep apnoea from ECG recordings
Validity of the Polar V800 heart rate monitor to measure RR intervals at rest
Purpose To assess the validity of RR intervals and short-term heart rate variability (HRV) data obtained from the Polar V800 heart rate monitor, in comparison to an electrocardiograph (ECG). Method Twenty participants completed an active orthostatic test using the V800 and ECG. An improved method for the identification and correction of RR intervals was employed prior to HRV analysis. Agreement of the data was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), BlandâAltman limits of agreement (LoA), and effect size (ES). Results A small number of errors were detected between ECG and Polar RR signal, with a combined error rate of 0.086 %. The RR intervals from ECG to V800 were significantly different, but with small ES for both supine corrected and standing corrected data (ES 0.999 for both supine and standing corrected intervals. When analysed with the same HRV software no significant differences were observed in any HRV parameters, for either supine or standing; the data displayed small bias and tight LoA, strong ICC (>0.99) and small ES (â€0.029). Conclusions The V800 improves over previous Polar models, with narrower LoA, stronger ICC and smaller ES for both the RR intervals and HRV parameters. The findings support the validity of the Polar V800 and its ability to produce RR interval recordings consistent with an ECG. In addition, HRV parameters derived from these recordings are also highly comparable
Transmission of MethicillinâResistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection Through Solid Organ Transplantation: Confirmation Via Whole Genome Sequencing
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109324/1/ajt12898.pd
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