Efficacy of Misoprostol In Inducing Abortion in 2nd Trimester With Previous One Cesarean Section

Objective: To determine the efficacy of misoprostol for inducing the abortion in 2nd trimester with previous one cesarean section. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital Multan. Material and Methods: The sample included 139 patients having pervious one cesarean section with gestational age 14-20 wks assessed on ultrasound and having an indication for termination of pregnancy like IUD, fetal anomalies (neural anomaly, cardiac anomaly), medical disorder hypertension, diabetes mellitus. General physical examination was done by the researcher. Investigations including complete blood count, complete urine examination, random blood sugar, liver and kidney function tests, coagulation profile were carried out. The researcher placed misoprostol 200µg per vaginally every 4 hourly with overnight rest maximum for 72 hours. Efficacy of misoprostol was judged in terms of success rate in achieving termination. Termination of pregnancy was considered successfully if cervical os progressively dilated and both fetus and placenta expelled within 72 hours after insertion of 1st dose of misoprostol without surgical intervention. Results. A total of 139 cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled to determine the efficacy of misoprostol for inducing abortion in 2nd trimester with previous one cesarean section. Among these patients 84.89% (n=118) were treated effectively, 15.11% (n=21) were not effectively treated. Conclusion; Misoprostol for inducing the abortion in 2nd trimester with previous one cesarean section is effective for expulsion of the fetus and placenta. Keywords; Abortion, Misoprostol, second trimester

FREQUENCY OF HYPOMAGNESAEMIA IN PRE TERM LABOUR

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypomagnesaemia in women with preterm labour. Study Design: Cross sectional study Settings: This study was carried out in department of obstetrics & gynaecology Nishtar Hospital Multan. Duration of study: This study was conducted from 10th November 2016 to 10th May 2017. Subject and methods: A total of 219 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy, preterm labour and parity 1 – 4 were included in the study. Women with history of diabetes, hypertension smoking and polyhhydramnious amniotic fluid index (AFI)>25 cm on ultrasound were excluded. Venous blood was drawn from entire subjects to evaluate the serum magnesium level and sent immediately to laboratory for analysis venous blood samples were obtained by venipuncture and collected in lithium heparin specimen bottles. Data was collected for hypomagnesaemia. Results: age range in this study was from 20 to 40 years with mean age of 30.356±3.60 years, mean parity 1.936± 0.96, mean gravida 2.936 ± 0.96, mean gestational age 32.000±2.25 weeks and mean BMI was 27.337 ± 1.67 kg/m2. Majority of the patients were from 20 – 30 years (51.1%). History of preterm delivery was 17.4%. Majority of patients belong to middle economic status (66.2%). Hypomagnesaemia was seen in 37.9% patients. Conclusion: it is concluded that low serum magnesium (hypomagnesaemia) is associated with preterm onset of  labour. Maternal  hypomagnesaemia may be used as a predictor of preterm labour: Key words: Pregnancy, preterm labour, hypomagnesaemi

Comparison of frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket

Objective: To compare the frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from March 2020 to August 2020. Materials & Methods: A total of 110 (55 in each group), 18 to 35 years of age of parity <5 were included. Group A females were evaluated by using AFI and group B females were evaluated by using SDVP. Patients were managed according to standard protocol practiced in the department. Caesarean section was performed in case of fetal distress, in presence of meconium stained liquor or in case of failure to progress of labour. Results: In my study, oligohydramnios was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086). Similarly induction of labour was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086) and caesarean section was recorded in 16/55 (29.09%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 07/55 (12.73%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.035). Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index is higher as compared to single deepest vertical pocket.  Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Amniotic fluid index, Single deepest vertical pocke

Comparison of frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket

Objective: To compare the frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from March 2020 to August 2020. Materials & Methods: A total of 110 (55 in each group), 18 to 35 years of age of parity <5 were included. Group A females were evaluated by using AFI and group B females were evaluated by using SDVP. Patients were managed according to standard protocol practiced in the department. Caesarean section was performed in case of fetal distress, in presence of meconium stained liquor or in case of failure to progress of labour. Results: In my study, oligohydramnios was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086). Similarly induction of labour was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086) and caesarean section was recorded in 16/55 (29.09%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 07/55 (12.73%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.035). Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index is higher as compared to single deepest vertical pocket.  Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Amniotic fluid index, Single deepest vertical pocke

Comparison of frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket

Objective: To compare the frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from March 2020 to August 2020. Materials & Methods: A total of 110 (55 in each group), 18 to 35 years of age of parity <5 were included. Group A females were evaluated by using AFI and group B females were evaluated by using SDVP. Patients were managed according to standard protocol practiced in the department. Caesarean section was performed in case of fetal distress, in presence of meconium stained liquor or in case of failure to progress of labour. Results: In my study, oligohydramnios was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086). Similarly induction of labour was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086) and caesarean section was recorded in 16/55 (29.09%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 07/55 (12.73%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.035). Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index is higher as compared to single deepest vertical pocket.  Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Amniotic fluid index, Single deepest vertical pocke

From pressure to breaking point : exploring sport motivation, big five personality traits, and sport anxiety as antecedents of burnout in university athletes

The present study examined the relationship between motivation, sport anxiety, big five personality traits and athlete burnout, making use of a cross section research design. A total of 200 university athletes between the ages of 18-26 years participated in the study, completing a battery of scales measuring motivation, sport anxiety, and personality traits. Pearson product moment correlation, multiple hierarchical regression analyses and mediations analyses were conducted to evaluate the results. The findings show that sport motivation (intrinsic regulation, introjected regulation and amotivation), personality traits (neuroticism, conscientiousness), and sport anxiety are correlated with and predicted various dimensions of athlete burnout. Sport anxiety mediated the relationship between introjected regulation, intrinsic regulation and amotivation. The study identified several antecedents of burnout in university athletes than can help address symptoms of burnout and prevent the negative consequences that arise as a result of burnout.peer-reviewe

Wi-Fi Fingerprinting Based Room Level Indoor Localization Framework Using Ensemble Classifiers

Over the past decennium, Wi-Fi fingerprinting based indoor localization has seized substantial attention. Room level indoor localization can enable numerous applications to increase their diversity by incorporating user location. Real-world commercial scale deployments have not been realized because of difficulty in capturing radio propagation models. In case of fingerprinting based approaches, radio propagation model is implicitly integrated in the gathered fingerprints providing more realistic information as compared to empirical propagation models. We propose ensemble classifiers based indoor localization using Wi-Fi fingerprints for room level prediction. The major advantages of the proposed framework are, ease of training, ease to set up framework providing high room-level accuracy with trifling response time making it viable and appropriate for real time applications. It performs well in comparison with recurrently used ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and kNN (k-Nearest Neighbours) based solutions. Experiments performed showed that on our real-world Wi-Fi fingerprint dataset, our proposed approach achieved 89% accuracy whereas neural network and kNN based best found configurations achieved 85 and 82% accuracy respectively

Comparison of the Effect of Administration Time of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Post-Operative Wound Infection after Caesarean Section

Objective: To compare the post-operative wound infection rate after cesarean section in women receiving prophylactic antibiotics before skin incision with women receiving antibiotic after cord clamping of baby. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration of Study:  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from October 2017 to April 2018. Materials & Methods: 356 patients pregnant female of age 20-45 years who were at term undergoing elective cesarean section for any indication were enrolled. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (study group) was comprised of patients who received prophylactic antibiotic dose 15-60 min before the start of surgery. Group B (control group) was comprised of patients who received the antibiotic after the cord clamping of the baby.  The wound infection was noted for both the groups. All the patients were followed up for 8 days to assess infection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.  Results: Mean maternal age of the total study population found to be 28.6±5.3 years. Mean gestational age in all the enrolled patients found to be 37.7±1.2 weeks. Wound infection was noted in 28.4% (n=101) of total study population. Out of 101 total patients who presented with wound infection, 63 patients (62.4%) were of control group while only 38 (37.6%) patients belonged to study group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: Prophylactic antibiotic are useful for controlling post cesarean wound infection. KEY WORDS: Cesarean delivery, Ceftriaxone, Wound infectio